TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT STUDIES
Year:2020 | Volume:- | Issue:55|Papers Count:6

Traffic accidents are a social problem in the country that kills a large number of people every year and imposes huge economic costs on society. In recent years, much attention has been paid to traffic management through accident prediction methods. Predicting an accident has a great effect on reducing casualties, injuries and financial losses caused by accidents. The purpose of this study is to determine the share of each of the effective factors in the occurrence of accidents by introducing a model to predict the occurrence of accidents on highways in Tehran, different areas of Tehran. This research is a applied type and in terms of data collection method, it is a descriptive survey. The statistical population of the present study was the statistics and data related to accidents on the highways of Tehran in 2018, which have been registered in the I. R. I. Police's Traffic Police Database. Due to the fact that all the reports related to the accidents in Tehran have been investigated. Therefore, limited sampling is avoided and all available data are analyzed. In this study, discrete selection model (logit) has been used to predict the causes of accidents. The findings of this study show that the most important causes of accidents on Tehran's highways have been due to inattention to the front, non-observance of longitudinal distance, sudden change of direction, non-observance of the right of way. Vehicles leaving the parking lot, speeding, and riding on the road have increased the number of such accidents. The results showed that traffic accidents on the highways of Tehran can be predicted by the Logit model in the coming years and the factors affecting them can be determined and controlled.

The main purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between mental health and high-risk driving behaviors and attitudes towards traffic rules in the inner city drivers of Marand city. In terms of purpose, the present study is an application that has been performed in a descriptive-correlational manner. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all intra-city drivers of Marand city with 2400 people and the sample size was determined using Morgan table and sampling method of 250 people. To collect the data, the Kiesz Five Mental Health Questionnaire (2002), the Manchester Driving Behavior Scale and the Zarabadi Questionnaire (2011) were used. There is a negative and significant relationship between emotional well-being and high-risk behaviors, intentional violations and unintentional violations. There is no significant relationship between mental well-being and high-risk behaviors, intentional violations and unintentional violations, but there is a negative and significant relationship between mental well-being of mental health components and intentional and unintentional violations of high-risk driving behaviors. There is a negative and significant relationship between social well-being and high-risk behaviors, intentional violations and unintentional violations, but there is no significant relationship between social well-being from mental health components and driving errors from high-risk driving behaviors. There is no significant relationship between emotional well-being and attitude variables, perceived behavioral control and intention to comply with the rules, but there is a significant relationship between emotional well-being of mental health components and mental norm of attitudes toward traffic rules. has it. There is no significant relationship between mental well-being and attitude variables, perceived behavioral control and intention to follow the rules, but there is a significant relationship between mental well-being from the components of mental health and mental norm from the components of attitude towards traffic rules. has it. There is no significant relationship between social well-being and attitude variables, perceived behavioral control, and intention to follow the rules.

Today, autonomous vehicles are recognized as revolution in people mobility. Despite of many benefits of AVs, distrust is the main barrier to people acceptance. This paper aims to survey the willingness to buy, use in stop-go driving condition and shared use in 22 districts of Tehran through a sample size of 338 individuals. A stated preference questionnaire was designed for this purpose and distributed for the first time in Iran as a developing country. Regarding descriptive analysis, the relationship existence and correlation coefficient were assessed using chi-square test, Cramer's V and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results show 59% willingness and 37% unwillingness to buy of people in this technology, as well as 70% willingness to use in stop-go driving and 60% willingness to shared use. Among the various age groups, people aged 25-44 years are most likely to buy, use in stop go driving and shared use situations. People without a driver's license and a no car ownership are more likely to buy AVs at a reasonable price, there was no significant difference between men and women regarding the willingness to buy, but men (33%) are more likely than women (27%) to use AVs in shared which illustrates the importance of privacy in women. Chi-square test was used to investigate the independence of the dependent variables, indicating that there was a significant and direct correlation between all three variables at the significant level of 0. 01. The results could be useful for policymakers' decision making and planning use in future transportation systems.

The power of the media to organize and influence politics, society, the economy, culture, and public opinion has become significant. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of virtual media in reducing traffic accidents from the perspective of Rahvar police (Traffic) officers and the traffic police of West Azerbaijan Province Disciplinary Command. The present research is applied in terms of purpose; In terms of method, descriptive-survey and in terms of data collection were performed in the field and using the validity and reliability of the researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population included 75 senior officers and accident experts of Rahvar and West Azarbaijan traffic police, all of whom were selected as the members of the statistical sample using the all-inclusion sampling method. For data analysis, SPSS22 software and T-sample statistical test were used. The findings showed that all four components of research: 1-Awareness; 2-Providing special products; 3. Social participation and 4-Responsibility through virtual media with 99% confidence play a role in reducing traffic accidents. The results showed that virtual media awareness with an average of 17. 01 has the most (very high) role and virtual media responsibility with an average of 14. 66 has the least role in reducing traffic accidents.

Given the effects of urban traffic problems on various aspects of citizens' lives, policymaking is very important for traffic control. The high-speed bus system is a fast, high-performance, flexible transport system. Since the implementation of traffic policies requires a lot of time and money, it is essential to ensure the proper functioning of these policies before implementation, and computer simulation is one of the most common and popular ways to ensure the operation of these policies. This study has created a traffic microscopic simulation model of line 1 of Tehran's high-speed bus system and validated it to implement these plans and ideas in the form of two different scenarios on this model. The results showed that in terms of reliability, the use of traffic lights causes a relative improvement in the priority system at intersections on the performance of Line 1 of Tehran's high-speed bus system along Damavand, Enghelab and Azadi streets.

Public transport plays an essential role in the social and economic development of any country by facilitating relocation and increasing access to services. Therefore, identifying the economic, social and cultural factors influencing the demand for public transportation will greatly help planners and policymakers in this area. In this study, using public transportation data and the opinion of experts, the causal diagram of public transportation in Mashhad was designed and simulated using Vansim software. Finally, with the opinion of experts, 4 scenarios were presented, the results of each of which were examined based on the demand of the public transportation system in Mashhad. The results of the scenarios show that with the doubling of the budget by 70% and the tripling of the budget by 91%, the demand for public transport will increase. Reducing the price of the bus to 50 percent (50 percent discount) will add 10 percent to the number of passengers using the bus, while a further reduction of up to 70 percent will not lead to a further increase. Initially, by increasing fuel prices threefold in the current situation, it will increase demand by 20% in public transport, which will decrease over time to about 7%. By doubling the rate of cultural activity, the percentage increase in public transport use is about 17 percent.