TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT STUDIES
Year:2020 | Volume:- | Issue:58|Papers Count:6

Lack of attention to urban planning criteria in locating and creating different land uses and imbalance in the distribution of these facilities in the city, has caused their density in certain areas of Ardabil and as a result has attracted traffic trips to these areas. This has caused problems such as traffic jams in certain areas of the city, which will be discussed in the following article. Therefore, in the present study, spatial correlation of urban land use and traffic congestion in Ardabil city with descriptive-analytical method and using analytical capabilities of Geographic Information System (GIS) and GeoDa software has been measured and evaluated to the extent of effectiveness urban land uses should be measured in the traffic situation of Ardabil city. In order to collect the required data for the research, the documentary method has been used and in order to analyze the findings, the spatial statistics capability of the mentioned software has been used. In the present study, 7 variables of distance from educational, administrative and medical land uses, density of residential, commercial, industrial and recreational land uses as independent variables and traffic density variables in Ardabil neighborhoods as dependent variables were determined. Finally, after redundancy error calculations, Sigma and other related parameters, in the final modeling four variables, such as distances from administrative and medical land use and residential and commercial land use density were used as explanatory variables. the results of the study indicate the high impact of the density of these land uses in. . .

Congestion pricing is an effective solution to traffic congestion alleviation and environmental pollution. Implementation of this policy is always challenged by public negative attitudes. In this study, effects of moderating variables in three categories (socioeconomic: gender, education, and travel mode; socio-pcychocognitive: familiarity with this policy; and travelers’ characteristics: registration status in my Tehran website) is analyzed on the relationship between latent variables and acceptance rate of new congestion pricing scheme of Tehran. Data collected from a face-to-face survey of 455 stated preference questionnaires administered in 2018, is used for modeling purposes. Therefore, structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis are used. Model results show that variables such as perceived effectiveness, attitude towards pricing, and design features affect acceptance rate of the new congestion pricing scheme of Tehran. From among the variables used in modeling, perceived effectiveness (0. 25) has the highest positive effect and distrust of officials (-0. 09) a negative effect on the acceptance rate. People's familiarity with the new policy moderates the relationship between attitudes toward pricing and acceptance; and travel mode moderates the relationship between perceived effectiveness and acceptance. In addition, gender and education variables have no moderating effects on the relationships between attitudes and acceptance. The findings of the present study suggest that policymakers focus on improving public attitudes and informing people about the benefits of congestion pricing in order to maximize acceptance of pricing schemes.

Expert opinions have a special place in proving claims because they are used as a counterpart in order to increase the judge's knowledge in identifying a specialized subject. Due to this importance, in preparing expert opinions and creating a unity of procedure, it is necessary to recognize the reasons for differences in presenting expert opinions, and after recognizing them, to take action to eliminate them, which is the mission of this important research. In terms of the purpose of this research, it is applied and in terms of method, it is descriptive-survey. A 26-item questionnaire was formed in the Likert scale. The results were first analyzed using descriptive statistics and then using SPSS software and one-sample t-test. Findings Documentary studies of this study showed that experts have the most disagreement on the issues of applying Note 3 Article 14 of the Law on Investigation of Violations, speeding intervention in the cause of total accidents, fake accidents and pedestrian accidents. Also, the results of the questionnaire were ranked using Friedman test. Weakness in equipment and technology, weakness in education and weakness in rules and regulations, respectively, are the most important reasons for differences of opinion of experts. Conclusion In order to achieve the same procedure in providing expert opinions and reducing differences, recognizing the root causes of accidents is inevitable. This will be possible by upgrading effective equipment and technologies in this field, increasing specialized training, and amending existing laws and regulations.

Background and Aim Today, risk-oriented attitude has found a significant place among criminal policymakers due to the attention paid to the pre-crime stages and stages. This is important for transnational traffic offenses and offenses, given the pre-criminal situations that occur, reflected in transnational regulations and new WHO reports on the subject of transportation safety, and a criterion for comprehensive explanation and legislation in this regard. Therefore, criminal policymakers should, while recognizing and comprehensively counting the risk factors affecting the occurrence of traffic accidents, take action to draw the relevant differential regulations. Method In terms of applied purpose, the present study is descriptive-documentary in terms of implementation method and data collection has been done through documentary review and filing of library resources and Persian and English research documents. Findings It seems that most of the examples of risk factors are related to the selfish behaviors of many drivers. Iran's criminal policy has not adopted effective legal responses to reduce the risk of such behaviors, such as requiring re-participation in qualifying driving tests and driver rights and training courses. Conclusion Despite the fact that the law on investigating traffic crimes and violations, instead of adopting a pre-criminal approach and paying attention to the requirements and preventive measures, it has a post-criminal and reactionary approach and the risk factors affecting traffic accidents are neglected in this law. And be corrected by emphasizing risk-oriented factors.

Increasing car dependency has directed urban planners to seek solutions to improve transportation network performance. One of the most effective solutions to solve this issue is to design a complete street that provides easy access and safety. This street design requires considering users' needs, whether on foot, by bike, or any non-motorized vehicles. In this paper, we first examine the traffic problems of the developing cities and then introduce the complete street approach by considering transit-oriented development (TOD) zones. These two approaches are based on travel demand management (TDM) solutions and sustainable explanations of Human-centered transportation (HCT). TOD makes the interaction between transport and land-use discipline, and active transport helps urban planners with clean and safe mobility. As both of them affect traffic analysis zones (TAZ), we try to find their intersections. Thus, this paper shows the accessibility as an interaction of complete street and TOD. Results show that accessibility can be used as the most critical index between public transport as a core of TOD and active transport to encourage citizens to reduce their dependence on private-motorized vehicles. Therefore, the role of accessibility and its importance of making the interaction in transportation and urban form could be more apparent by finding these new approaches and seeing the primary measure of effectiveness.