Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2020 | Volume:19 | Issue:2|Papers Count:10

Background and Objective: Systemic inflammation is one of the factors affecting insulin resistance. The aim of study was to investigate the effect of aerobic interval training and use of nettle (Urtica Dioica) supplement on inflammation level and glycemic control in men with type II diabetes. Subjects and Methods: A quasi-experimental research, 40 male patients with type II diabetes (Age: 42. 08 ± 3. 99 years; body mass index: 27. 01 ± 1. 62 kg /m2) were randomly selected and divided into four groups: training, supplement, training + supplement and control groups. The aerobic interval training program was performed three days a week for eight weeks. Nettle tea was consumed 10 g daily, 15 minutes before the three main meals. For statistical analysis, paired sample t-test and one-way ANOVA statistical methods were used (P ≤ 0. 05). Results: There was a significant reduction in FBS, HbA1C, IL-6 and CRP in training group and training + supplement compared to the control group (P < 0. 001). In addition, there was a significant decrease in FBS, IL-6 and CRP levels in supplement group compared to the control group (P < 0. 05). Furthermore, HbA1C was significantly lower in the training + supplement group than the supplement group (P = 0. 002). Conclusion: Both interventional aerobic interval training and nettle supplementation seem to play a beneficial role in reducing inflammation and glycemic control, and the combination of the two methods is more effective in glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background and Objective: The purpose of the present research was to study the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy with positive imagination of health on dysfunctional attitudes on primary hypertension in patients with dysfunctional attitudes and primary hypertension. Subjects and Methods: The sample of the study included 40 subjects with primary hypertension (22 females and 18 males) who referred to specialist clinics in Ahwaz. They were matched of age, educational status and other criteria considered in this research, then randomly divided into two groups as experimental and control. We administered Beck and Wizeman Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS). Twelve sessions of cognitive behavior therapy with positive imagination of health for experimental group only. Finally, all subjects of two groups were assessed from dysfunctional attitudes and primary hypertension in posttest and follow up. Results: The results revealed that there was a significant difference between two groups in dysfunctional attitudes and primary hypertension at posttest and follow up (P<0. 001). The rate of dysfunctional attitudes and primary hypertension in the experimental group were significantly decreased compared to the pretest and control group. These results persisted significantly during the follow-up period. Also, by controlling the duration of the disease, there was a significant difference between experimental and control group in terms of dysfunctional attitudes and primary hypertension, but in terms of primary hypertension, no significant difference was observed. This result suggests that the duration of the disease has no effect on the rate of dysfunctional attitudes, but does affect the primary hypertension of the groups in the follow-up period. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that cognitive behavior therapy with positive imagination of health significantly decreased the dysfunctional attitudes and primary hypertension, therefore using cognitive behavior therapy with positive imagination of health in high hypertension patients is recommended.

Background and Objective: Asthma is a chronic and common medical illness in childhood. Chronic illnesses can be associated with mood disorders, anxiety, and behavioral disorders, as well as adversely affecting the clinical course of the underlying disease. The purpose of this study was to compare behavioral disorders in children with and without asthma referred to Masoumeh Hospital in Qom, Iran. Subjects and Methods: In this study, 67 asthmatic children as case group and 67 healthy children as control group were enrolled. The demographic and clinical information checklist and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were completed. Data were analyzed using t-test and chi-square test using SPSS 18 software. Results: The mean score of CBCL questionnaire in case group with 28. 12 2 2. 06 was significantly higher than control group with 17. 33 9 9. 7 (P=0. 01). Mean scores of social isolation subscales in case group was 5. 83 vs 1. 18 in control group, P=0. 006). While anxiety-depression; intellectual problems and aggressive behaviors were 4. 99 vs 2, P= 0. 02; 4. 8 vs 2. 3, P=0. 003 and 5. 5 vs 2. 3, P= 0. 003 were significantly higher in children with asthma than healthy children respectively. Conclusion: Behavioral disorders in children with asthma were significantly more than healthy children. The duration and the severity of asthma can predict behavioral disorders in children with asthma.

Background and Objectives: Cardiac intensive care unit patients are at risk for mental disorders such as anxiety and depression. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lavender aromatherapy on anxiety and depression in patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to the cardiac intensive care units. Subjects and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to the cardiac intensive care of Namazi Hospital in Shiraz in 2014. A total of 110 patients were randomly assigned to lavender aromatherapy and the placebo groups. For lavender aromatherapy patients, for two days and twice a day, the essence of lavender was inhaled (40 mg; 2 drops of essence). While for placebo group 2 drops of water). Before and after the intervention, patients' anxiety and depression levels were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data analysis was performed by statistical tests such as Chi-square and independent t-test using SPSS software version 16. Results: Patients receiving the aroma showed a significant reduction in depression (P=0. 01) and anxiety (P=0. 009) compared to placebo group. In addition, the effect size for depression and anxiety was 52 and 54%, in aromatherapy and placebo groups. Conclusion: Based on the findings, aromatherapy with lavender can reduce anxiety and depression in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Background and Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of estrogen receptors in prostate carcinoma cells in order to better understand the relationship between estrogen receptors in malignant cells and their pathological significance. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, tissue paraffin blocks of excised prostate samples taken from patients diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia, considered as control, were studied. These patients referred to teaching hospitals of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Clinical and demographic data of patients were extracted from hospital records. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using Anti ER monoclonal antibody. Results: Thirty prostate tissue specimens were found which included 20 specimens with prostate carcinoma and 10 specimens with benign hyperplasia. The mean age of patients was 69. 65 yr. Estrogen receptor marker was expressed in only 25% of malignant samples. In contrast, 100% of benign samples showed ER marker expression. ER marker expression was significantly correlated with Gleason score (P =0. 039). Conclusion: Overall, the findings of this study indicate that the estrogen receptor is decreased in prostate malignancies and is more pronounced only in higher grade tumors.

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of level COX-2 protein in patients with colorectal carcinoma in order to better understand the pathophysiology and behavior of inflammatory factors in this disease. Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, tissue paraffin blocks of patients referring to Ahvaz Imam Khomeini teaching hospital with pathological diagnosis of colorectal cancer were evaluated. Clinical and demographic data of patients were extracted from hospital records. Anti-COX-2 monoclonal antibody was used for immunohistochemical staining. Results: In this study, 31 patients with colorectal cancer (mean age 65. 1 (range 33 to 89)) were evaluated. Most tumors had grade G2 (54. 8%). Tumor stage pt3 was also seen in more than half of cases. Lymph node involvement was observed in 29% of cases. The mean staining area was 34. 6% (range 2 to 78%). More than half of the patients showed moderate marker expression and 6. 5% had a strong positive reaction. However, 16. 1% of patients were negative for COX-2 marker. No significant correlation bewteen the stage, grade and lymph node involvement with COX-2 expression status was found. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that more than 70% of colorectal malignant tissues express COX-2 marker. However, COX-2 marker expression had no significant association with pathologic variables such as tumor grade, stage and lymph nodes involvement.

Background and Objective: Parkinson's disease after Alzheimer's disease is the most common damaging disease of the nervous system. Therefore, it is important to develop new therapeutic approaches to prevent the spread of this disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two types of continuous and interval aerobic exercises on changes of malondialdehyde, dopamine and glutathione peroxidase in the hippocampus of rats with pseudoparkinsonism. Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 male Wistar rats weighing 250 to 200 g were used. The animals developed pseudoparkinson disease using reserpine at a dose of 1mgkg for two consecutive days, and divided into 6 groups: healthy control group; pseudoparkin control, pseudoparkin+continuous exercise, pseudoparkin+ interval exercise, continuous exercise sham group, and interval exercise sham groups. Exercises were performed on the treadmill for 6 weeks in both continuous and interval methods. Hippocampal tissue was then dissected, and malondialdehyde, dopamine, and glutathione peroxidase enzymes were measured. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The results of this study showed that 6 weeks of interval aerobic exercise showed a significant (P<0. 01) decreasing effect on reduction value in the levels of malondialdehyde in pseudoparkinsonised in rats, but continuous exercise did not show a significant decrease. However, while no significant differences between both types of exercises in relation to changes in dopamine level, they showed a significant (P<0. 05)increase in dopamine levels compared to the pseudoparkinsonised control group, On contrast, intermittent aerobic exercise increased in glutathione peroxidase levels, but continuous training had no a significant effect compared to control pseudoparkinsonised control group (P<0. 02). Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, interval aerobic exercise can be used to reduce is more effective in than continous excecise in reducing oxidative stress by modifying the improvement of malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase and dopamine enzymes.

Background and Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between maternal age during pregnancy and maternal hematological parameters and anthropometric status in neonatal. Subjects and Methods: In this study, 32 mothers aged 35 years and older (case group) and 292 mothers aged 20-35 years (control group) were examined. Maternal age and hematologic parameters were evaluated before delivery. The weight, height and head circumference were measured in infants. The relationship between prenatal age of mothers and infant’ s anthropometric indices were calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The comparison between the two groups showed no significant difference in the type of delivery, history of abortion, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and hematological parameters. In addition, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the sex, weight, head circumference and height of the infants. A significant negative correlation was observed between prenatal age of mothers with the number of monocyte (Mid) cells (P <0. 05), number of red blood cells (P<0. 05), number of white blood cells, and granulocytes (P<0. 001) in mothers. Also, a significant correlation was observed between the prenatal age of mothers with number of low birth weight (LBW) (Positively, P<0. 01), weight (Negatively, P<0. 01), head circumference (Negatively, P<0. 001) of infants. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the number of infants with LBW increases with increasing mother's age. Also, maternal age can have significant associate with some maternal hematological parameters and the anthropometric indices of infants.

Background and Objective: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in Iran and it can be observed in two clinical forms, anthroponetic cutaneous leishmaniasis and zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. The objective of this study was to determine the demographic characteristics of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Dasht-e Azadegan County, Iran. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Dasht-e-Azadegan city in 2014-2018, based on patient’ s demographic data collection: sex, age, occupation, number and location of wounds, geographical area and season of outbreak. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20. Results: The number of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in the 5-year period was 1320 persons, of which 720 of them were male (54. 54%) and 600 of them were female (45. 46%). The highest number of leishmaniasis was seen in the age group of 10-19 (23. 78%) and 20-29 (23. 63%) respectively. In addition, 61. 74% of patients were urban and the rest were rural. Significant differences were observed between the geographical area, occupational group, and season with cutaneous leishmaniasis. About 59. 54% of patients had one wound and the mostly in the hands (28. 78%). The highest seasonal prevalence was in winter and in January and February. During the period under review, the highest incidence of the disease was observed in Abu-Hamiyzeh, and overall the incidence of the disease decreased in the beginning of 2018. Conclusion: Due to the endemic nature of the disease and the prolonged activity of Phlebotomus papatasi in this city, increasing the awareness of high risk individuals is essential to reduce the incidence and prevent the disease.

Background and purpose: living with ADHD children makes problems and difficulties for mothers. Regardless of the positive and negative effects of having a child with ADHD, there is the question of why some mothers of children with ADHD are successful and perform well, but others are unsuccessful, have very poor performance, and have problems with and face various problems? Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify resilience factors in mothers of children with ADHD. Methods: This research is qualitative and based on content analysis. The twenty-three mothers who experienced resilience were selected by targeted sampling through semi-structured interviews to complete saturation data. Results: Data analysis led to four main categories and twelve sub-categories. Individual and psychological factors include sub-categories of self-esteem, self-efficacy, sense of purposefulness, problem-solving skills, and attitude factors; the family factors class includes spouse support and support from other family members; class of social factors including interpersonal skills, social support and social awareness; and the category of spiritual factors and forces including religious beliefs and Islamic advice. Conclusion: this study shows that in order to make the mothers of children with ADHD resilient, the resilience factors must first be identified and then should be taught according to an appropriate education program to help them acquire the necessary skills. For this reason, the factors affecting the resilience of mothers of children with ADHD have been discussed. A detailed discussion of the results and research and intervention recommendations is given in the text of the article.