JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Year:2020 | Volume:19 | Issue:92|Papers Count:12

Background: Numerous studies have examined the relationship between defense mechanisms and the state of physical and mental health. But there is research on the relationship between emotional suppression and self-control and symptoms of the disease. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between repression and self-control and the symptoms of disease and their distinctions. Method: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study was telegram users in fall 1396 who lived in Tehran. The sample was 250 participants (145 females and 105 males) that completed the Weinberger Adjustment Inventory (1990), Baker's Emotional Processing Scale (2010), Tangney Self-Control (2004), and Bartone's Symptom Checklist (1989) based on convenience sampling method. Data was analysis via Pierson correlation and multivariate regression. Results: The results showed that the symptoms of the disease are negatively related to Restraint, Repressive Defensiveness, and Self-Control, and positively correlated with Distress, Suppression, Unregulated Emotions, Impoverished Emotional Experience, Signs of Unprocessed Emotions, and avoidance (P<0. 01). The three subscales of Impoverished Emotional Experience, Signs of Unprocessed Emotions, and Distress have the predictive power of disease symptoms (P< 0/01). Conclusions: The results of this study confirmed the relationship between disturbance in emotional processing and symptoms of disease and the role of Repression and Self-Control were discussed with regard to their semantic structure. Positive correlation between restraint, defensiveness, self-control and symptoms of disease imply that it is impossible to discriminate repression and self-control merely based on self-report scales.

Background: Numerous studies have predicted depression, anxiety, stress, and personality traits in drug addicts. But predicting nicotine dependence based on depression, anxiety and stress; The study of the effect of adjusting the dimensions of personality has been neglected. Aims: To explain nicotine dependence based on the role of anxiety, depression and stress, and to assess the moderating effect of personality dimensions. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The statistical population consisted of male students of Tehran University in 2019, among whom 5 were selected as available and were studied in two groups of smoker and nonsmoker. Measurement tools were: Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS) (Schiffman et al., 2004), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire (DASS-21) (Lovebound, 1995), and the Cloninger Nature and Character Inventory (TCI-56). (Cloninger, 1987). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis. Results: The mediating effect of personality dimensions was significant (p <0. 001). The difference in stress between the two groups was moderated by the personality components of self-efficacy, perseverance, and avoidance, and the difference in depression with self-esteem and reward; and the difference in anxiety with self-efficacy was significant (p< 0/001). Conclusions: Those with low self-efficacy, perseverance, and avoidance personality traits tend to be more dependent on smoking than others.

Background: Numerous studies have examined the effectiveness of treatment based on compassion, resilience, and life expectancy. But research that examines the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on resilience and life expectancy in people with type 2 diabetes has been overlooked. Aims: To determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on resilience and life expectancy in people with type 2 diabetes. Method: The research was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group design. The statistical population in this study consisted of all patients with type 2 diabetes who had referred to Ravan Yar Counseling Center in 2019. The sample size of the present study included 30 people, 15 of whom were in the experimental group and 15 in the control group with the available sampling method. The tool used was Gilbert's (2014) treatment plan, Schneider's Hope Scale (1991), and Connor-Davidson's Resilience Scale (2003). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: Compassion-focused therapy had a significant effect on resilience and life expectancy in people with type 2 diabetes (p< 0/05). Conclusions: Patients who participated in compassionate therapy sessions were more resilient and more hopeful for life.

Background: Numerous studies have examined defensive styles, emotional failure, and maladaptive schemas, and the relationship between these variables, but a study that compares defensive styles, emotional disharmony, and maladaptive schemas in people with asthma and normal people is neglected. remained. Aims: To compare defensive styles, emotional inadequacies, and maladaptive schemas in people with asthma and normal individuals. Method: The present study was causalcomparative. The statistical population of the present study was all people with asthma who had referred to Razi and occupational medicine clinics in Yazd in the spring and summer of 1398, as well as people working in clinics and family members of people with asthma. 100 people with asthma and 100 normal people aged 38 to 62 years were selected as available and targeted sampling. Research tools include the Andros et al. (1993) Defensive Styles Questionnaire, the Toronto Emotional Disappointment Scale (1994), and the Young Project Schedule (1998). Data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance. Results: There is a significant difference between people with asthma and normal people in undeveloped defensive style, emotional failure and maladaptive schema (p< 0/01). Conclusions: Untreated defensive style, emotional distress and maladaptive schemas increase the risk of developing asthma.

Background: Numerous studies have predicted cancer adaptation and study of attachment styles, hardiness, and social support in cancer patients. But research that predicts cancer adaptation in the family environment based on attachment styles, hardiness and social support has been overlooked. Aims: To predict cancer adaptation in the family environment based on attachment styles, hardiness, and social support. Method: The research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study was all men and women aged 18-68 with cancer referred to the oncology clinic in 2017-2018 in Isfahan. A total of 203 cancer patients who underwent medical treatment and chemotherapy were purposefully selected. The istruments of this research were: Hazen and Shavar Attachment Styles Questionnaires (1987), Hardiness Questionnaire (Barton, Ursano, Wright and Ingramham, 1989), Social Support Questionnaire (Zimet and Dalhem, 1988) and Psychosocial Adaptation Questionnaire with diseases (Derogatis and Derogatis, 1990). Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression analyzes. Results: Adaptability to cancer in the family environment can be predicted by the variables of hardiness, attachment styles and social support, and hardinees, secure attachment style and social support in adaptation with cancer had a positive and significant correlation (P< 0/05). Conclusions: Hardiness, secure attachment, and social support were important sources of cancer adaptation in the family environment.

Background: Numerous studies have examined paranoid, schizotypal, social anxiety, and social problemsolving traits, but research that examines the relationship between paranoid and schizotypal traits with social anxiety and social problem-solving among students has been neglected. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between paranoid and schizotypal traits with social anxiety and social problem solving among students. Method: The research method was correlation. In this study 387 students of Payam Noor University of Tabriz were selected by stratified random sampling. Research questionnaires included the Paranoid Scales of Green et al. (2008); Schizotypy Claridge and Brooks (1984); Druzila et al. (2002) problem solving ability; Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and multiple regression. Results: The results showed a significant negative relationship between schizotypal traits with logical problem solving and paranoid traits with positive orientation and logical problem solving (P< 0/01). Also, paranoid and schizotypal traits had a significant positive relationship with negative orientation, arousal style, avoidant style and social anxiety components (P< 0/01). Concurrent regression results showed that predictors of social anxiety and social problem solving predict 46% and 17% variance of paranoid and schizotypal traits, respectively. Conclusions: Paranoid and schizotypal traits can predict social anxiety.

Background: Numerous studies have been conducted on the psychological problems and communication skills of people with pets, but research that compares happiness, mental health, and communication skills in people with and without pets has been neglected. Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare happiness, mental health and communication skills in individuals with and without pets. Method: The study was descriptive and causal-comparative. From the statistical population of all the pet and non-pet individuals in Tehran, 180 individuals were selected through available sampling. Research questionnaires including Argyle & Martin Happiness Questionnaire (1989), Goldberg General Mental Health Questionnaire (1972) and Bartone Communication Skills (1999) were distributed among the study samples and data were analyzed using independent t-test and analysis of variance Were analyzed. Results: Significant differences were observed between the pet group and the pet group in the variables of happiness, mental health, and communication skills. (p≤ 0/001). Conclusions: People who live without a pet have better happiness, mental health, and communication skills than people living with a pet.

Background: Researchers have investigated the relationship between the effect of emotional self-regulation with academic motivation, but the causal model of the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation, socioeconomic status with academic motivation: the mediating role of self-disability has been neglected. Aims: of the model was to model the relationships between cognitive emotion regulation, socioeconomic status, and academic motivation with the mediating role of self-expression among students. Method: The research was correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all female high school students in district 2 of Tehran. The sample consisted of 270 individuals who were selected by simple random cluster sampling. 2009), Schwinger & Steinmeister Plasterer (ASHS) Academic Self-Disability Questionnaire (2011) and the Social Economic Database Questionnaire (1995-2007). Data were analyzed using skewness and elongation indices and correlation between model variables with correlation matrix. Results: Cognitive emotion regulation adjustment had a negative effect on selfhandicapping and had a positive effect on socioeconomic status. It has a negative effect on intrinsic motivation and a positive effect on extrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and socioeconomic status has a negative effect on selfdisability (P< 0/05). Conclusions: Self-disability in the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation, social base-Economic and academic motivation play a mediating role, in general the findings show that fashion The model presented in this study fits well with the model test results and can be used in research.

Background: Numerous studies have examined the causes of marital boredom and excitement, perfectionism, emotion regulation strategies, and couple resilience. However, research on the development of a structural model for predicting marital boredom based on excitement, perfectionism, and emotion regulation strategies has been neglected through the mediation of resilience in married women. Aims: aim of this study was to provide a couple burnout model of married women based on variables of sensation seeking, perfectionism and emotion regulation strategies with resiliency mediation. Method: This research was kind of modeling and path analysis, in which 256 married female students of different Islamic Azad University Branches of Tehran participated in the academic year of 2017-2018. The experimental group was selected through multi-stage random sampling. collect data associated with the subject, Couple Burnout (Pines, 1996), Sensation Seeking (Zuckerman, 1971), Perfectionism (Hill, 2004), Cognitive Emotion Regulation (Garnefski, 2000) and Resilience Scale (Connor-Davidson, 2003) were used and Data were analyzed using structural model tests and path analysis. Results: This means that the relationships of these variables can be better examined through the present study model. The degree of variance explained by the main endogenous variable of the model, the couple burnout, through five variables is equal to 0/32. approximately 32% of the variance of the main dependent variable is explained by the model variables, and 68% of its variance is related to external variables of the model. Sensation seeking and adaptive and cognitive emotion regulation mechanisms have a direct relationship with couple burnout of women (p≤ 0/0/001). There was no relationship between perfectionism with couple burnout and resiliency of married women. Resiliency has a significant negative relationship with couple burnout of women(p≤ 0/0/001). the results of evaluating fitness indexes indicated that the final model of the research fitted with the collected data in acceptable manner and conceptual model of the research is confirmed. Conclusions: Given the relationship between emotion seeking, emotion regulation strategies, and resilience with marital disgust, it can be said that investing in improving emotion seeking, emotion regulation strategies, and resilience of married women can improve women's marital quality of life. Increase.

Background: Numerous studies have been conducted on the social capital and structure of family power, but there is a study of the relationship between family social capital and the power structure of the research gap. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family social capital and power structure (Khorramabad city). Method: This was a correlational study. The statistical population of this study was 17-13 year old women living in Khorramabad city. A sample of 384 was selected by stage cluster sampling. The research tools are: Gafari & Awagh Social Capital Questionnaire (2006) and Power Structure Questionnaire in Mahdavi and Sabouri Family of Khosrow Shahi (2003). Data were analyzed using two-way correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis. Results: There was a significant and positive relationship between dimensions of social capital and dimensions of power structure in the family (P< 0/05). There was also a significant positive relationship between external social capital, internal social capital and social capital (P< 0/05). Conclusions: can predict the structure of power with external social capital.

Background: Numerous studies have examined the effectiveness of self-differentiation training and the psychological flexibility of mothers with children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, research on the effectiveness of self-differentiation training on psychological resilience and the feeling of distress of mothers with children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has been neglected. Aims: Therefore the present study was conducted aiming to determine effectiveness of teaching selfdifferentiation on psychological resilience and feeling entrapment in the mothers of the children with ADHD. Method: It was a quasiexperimental study with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up period design. The statistical population included mothers of the children with ADHD in the city of Ahvaz in academic year 2018. The samples included 30 mothers of the children with ADHD who were purposefully selected and randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (each group of 15). The experimental group received teaching self-differentiation (Kazemian and Smaeili, 2012) during ten sessions while the control groups didn’ t receive any intervention. Psychological resilience questionnaire (Denis and Vanderwal, 2010), feeling entrapment (Gilbert and Alan, 1998). Teachers’ Conners questionnaire (Brook and Clinton, 2007) were used. Repeated measurement ANOVA test was applied in order to statically analyze the data. Results: The results showed that teaching self-differentiation has significantly influenced psychological resilience and feeling entrapment in the mothers of the children with ADHD (p< 0/001). Furthermore, the results showed that this teaching was able to significantly maintain its effect in time (p< 0/001). Conclusions: According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that teaching self-differentiation using social and emotional techniques can influence psychological resilience and feeling entrapment in the mothers of the children with ADHD. Therefore teaching self-differentiation can be applied as an efficient method in order to improve psychological resilience and decrease feeling entrapment in the mothers of the children with ADHD.

Background: Research has examined the role of creativity and organizational learning and the factors affecting social anxiety. But there is a research gap between the role of creativity in organizational learning and the social anxiety of teachers. Aims: This study was conducted to study the role of creativity in organizational learning and social anxiety of teachers. Method: This research is a kind of applied research with structural model approach that used correlation method as the research method. The statistical population of this study consisted of all teachers of MeshkinShahr County Education Organization in which 274 participants were selected as the research participants and random sampling method was used to select participants. Data collection tools included Abedi Creativity Questionnaire (1993), Pham & Swierczek Organizational Learning Questionnaire (2006) and Connor et al Social Anxiety Questionnaire (2000). Structural equation method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Result: The results of data analysis showed that creativity had an effect on organizational learning and social anxiety (p≤ 0/005); It means that creativity can explain 77 percent factor load of organizational learning and 73 percent factor load of social anxiety of teachers. Conclusions: Creativity is an important factor in explaining social anxiety and organizational learning of teachers. So that, creativity can be considered as a predictor factor of teachers’ social anxiety and organizational learning.