Military Caring Sciences
Year:2020 | Volume:7 | Issue:2 (24)|Papers Count:10

Introduction: Although angiography is applied as a standard method for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease, it is a stressful experience for patients. Medication therapy for mitigating the pre-operation stress includes side effects. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effect of auriculotherapy on the level of stress before coronary angiography in male patients hospitalized in the selected Aja hospital in Tehran. Materials and Methods: This single-blinded clinical trial study was performed on 94 male patients undergoing coronary angiography in 2019. Patients were selected by convenience sampling and divided into intervention and control groups by random sampling method The DASS_21 Stress, Anxiety and Depression questionnaire were used to measure stress. The DASS-21 questionnaire subscale was completed by patients in both intervention and control groups. Auriculotherapy was performed by the researcher 60 minutes before angiography. Stress levels were measured again in both groups ten minutes after the intervention, In the control group, ear massage was performed on false points. In the present study, SPSS-21 was used for data analysis, and the Significance level was considered less than 0. 05. (P<0. 05). Results: There was no significant difference between groups before and after the intervention (P=0. 197). Patients’ stress after auriculotherapy in the intervention group (2. 98 ± 0. 37) was significantly lower than that before auriculotherapy (4. 17 ± 0. 44) (P = 0. 001); Stress was not significantly different in the control group (3. 32 ± 0. 40) before and after the intervention (3. 0 ± 15. 40) (P= 0. 373). But the level of stress in the intervention group after auriculotherapy was insignificantly reduced compared to the control group (P= 0. 790). Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that auriculotherapy can mitigate stress in patients undergoing angiography; therefore, this complementary method can be used to mitigate stress in these patients. Further studies with more sample size are recommended.

Introduction: Anxiety is one of the common symptoms and complications in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that increases readmission and decreases the quality of life in these patients. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of controlled breathing exercises on Anxiety and Arterial Oxygen Saturation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study with statistical population consisting of all patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalized in selected hospitals of Aja in the first half of 2019. The samples were divided into two intervention and control groups. For data collection, Demographic information, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Pulse Oximeter were used. The intervention group received controlled breathing exercises for four days. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23. Results: Mean scores of total anxiety and arterial oxygen saturation were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups before the intervention, but there was a significant difference between both groups after the intervention, using independent samples t-test (P <0. 001). Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that controlled breathing exercises can can reduce anxiety and improve arterial oxygen saturation level in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Thus, it is recommended that they be used by nurses as a nursing intervention.

Introduction: High blood pressure leads to the poor quality of life of patients and this is important among the military forces, as key providers of security in the country. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of mobile software applications on quality of life of militaries with hypertension. Materials and Methods: In the present study, a total of 66 military personnel with hypertension underwent clinical trials in 2019. They were divided into experimental (receiving mobile educational software) and control groups (not receiving software). Data collection tools included demographic information form and health-related quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) which were compared before the intervention and six weeks after the intervention. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis and the significance level was considered less than 0. 05 (P<0. 05). Results: According to the Wilcoxon test results, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of quality of life before the intervention between both groups (P= 0. 56) but after six weeks of intervention, this difference was significant (P= 0. 0001). The mean score of quality of life in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group. Discussion and Conclusion: This study showed that mobile-based education software had a significant effect on improving the quality of life of hypertensive soldiers, so it could be used as an intervention in hypertensive patients.

Introduction: Military forces are facing more stress due to the nature of their career and missionswhich can lead to increased burnout and jeopardize their quality of life. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the rate of job burnout and quality of life in the Islamic Republic of Iran’ s army personnel and its related factors. Material and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional and descriptivecorrelational study. The samples included all the Islamic Republic of Iran’ s army personnel selected by random sampling method. Data were collected by demographic information, 22-items Questionnaire of Maslach Burnout Inventory (maslach burnout inventory), and a 36-item form (WHOQOL). The data were analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: A total of 1209 participants were under the study. The result showed that the mean age was 36. 5 (± 7. 1) and 96% were male. Most of the participants included militarypersonnel (89. 5%) and 10. 5 % were employees. Moreover, the majority of people (79%) had matched with their profession. In terms of burnout, the dimensions of emotional fatigue (54. 6%) and metamorphosis of personality (56. 6%) were placed at the lowest level, and in terms of personal competence (57. 9%), they were at the highest level. More than half of the participants had a moderate to a high quality of life. The results show that there is a significant difference between the dimensions of burnout and the variable of quality of life in all dimensions (P <0. 05). Discussion and Conclusion: Given the importance of matching the category and occupations in the military and its impact on the burnout and quality of life, military commanders can take this into account which can lead to an increase in the quality of work and personal life and thus reduces job burnout in the military.

Introduction: To achieve a desirable level of motor development and physicalmental competencies and develop a healthy and active lifestyle in all people in society, particularly children and families of the military and considering the nature of job their fathers’ job, accurate principles on motor and exercise skills, called physical literacy principles, is required. Objective: Present study aimed to determine the relationships between the levels of the physical literacy of children in the 8-12 age range with some natures of their military fathers’ job. Materials and Methods: The method is a descriptive-correlation in which a total of 171 children in the 8-12 age range were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling in districts 1, 4, 8 and 13 of Tehran and the Iranian version of the physical literacy test consisting of 4 subscales such as physical competence, daily physical activity, motivation and self-confidence, and knowledge and understanding was administered Further, Fathers completed a questionnaire about their occupational nature, corps, and their level of education. Findings were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ETA correlation coefficient, t-independent test, and one-way covariance analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23. Results: The physical literacy of children with staff fathers was more than those with father in the troop (Effect size=0. 36, t =-4. 558, P<0. 01). Furthermore, the physical literacy of children with fathers working in educational-section was greater than those whose fathers work in operational section (P= 0. 05). Discussion and Conclusion: Children’ s physical literacy is related to the occupational nature of military fathers. These job natures can affect the children’ s active lifestyles. Knowing this relationship affects the physical literacy of children in military families and the implementation of appropriate movement and sports programs is needed to increase the physical literacy of these children, especially among girls. Further studies on the impact of other factors on physical literacy should be conducted.

Introduction: Family is established by the marriage contract. The emotional and rational health as well as the authority of the family depend on the members benefiting from insight and knowledge necessary to prevent deviations. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of increasing the tolerance threshold in solving marital conflicts with the moderating role of religious teachings. Materials and Methods: The present study included a combination of qualitative and quantitative studies and performed using the phenomenological method in 2019. The statistical population of the study consisted of personnel in one of the military units. For this purpose, 32 participants were studied through targeted sampling and in-depth interviews. Data were collected, recorded, coded and categorized bythe format of axial codes. Then, the results of the qualitative part of the study were presented in the form of reflected assumptions, further, the evaluation of validity, reliability, internal and external model in quantitative society were tested by Smart pls software, Results: During the interview with the experts, the core code dedicated to the 5-item tolerance, 5-item marital conflicts and 2-item religious teachings. The results of path testing showed that the tolerance threshold with a path coefficient of 0. 631affects the marital conflicts between the couples and the use of religious teachings with a path coefficient of 0. 836, moderates the relationship between the threshold of tolerance and marital conflicts. Discussion and Conclusion: In the focal session, experts concurred that failing to conclude problems promptly, the ability to express love and paying attention to spouse’ s interests, needs and wants are the main points in settling the conflicts, so that religious teachings have a significant effect on increasing the tolerance threshold for settling marital conflicts.

Introduction: Excessive consumption of fast food as well as its adverse health effectschanges the taste of children and leads them to unhealthy eating habits in adulthood. Therefore, proper education is essential for children’ s empowerment (knowledge, attitude, and performance). Objective: The effect of education, using the pamphlet presentation method, on fast food consumption in children was investigated. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study wasperformed on 120 students (60 controls and 60 cases) of fourth, fifth, and sixth-grade students in Birjand using cluster random sampling. The training was performed by pamphlet method and data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed by experts and Cronbach’ s alpha test (α = 0. 87) before and one month after the intervention. In data analysis, SPSS 16 and descriptive and analytical statistical tests (P= 0. 05) were used. Results: The results suggested excessive consumption of fast food in children. Statistical tests showed that pamphlet education has not had a significant effect on students’ knowledge (P = 0. 4), attitude (P = 0. 9), and performance (P = 0. 09) in the field of fast food consumption behavior. Discussion and Conclusion: Despite the excessive consumption of fast food in children in Birjand, pamphlet education does not significantly improve the behavior of elementary students. Therefore, it is recommended to use either other appropriate educational methods to empower this age group or this medium in combination with other methods.

Introduction: Elderly people are vulnerable groups in society and the phenomenon of elder abuse is one of the main challenges in caring and protecting the elderly. Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of abuse and its relationship with life satisfaction in the elderly. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on the elderly referred to health centers in Rafsanjan. The Elder Abuse Questionnaire, demographic information and life satisfaction questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics and a p-value was considered less than 0. 05 which is statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the elderly was 63 years of age. The lowest and the highest prevalence were related to physical abuse (3%) and to financial abuse, respectively (76%). Further, there was a significant relationship between abuse and illness, disability, marriage, income and life satisfaction of the elderly. Discussion and Conclusion: Elderly had experienced different types of abuse, especially financial abuse, and there was a relationship between elderly and their life satisfaction.

Introduction: Drug abuse has been affected by a combination of individual, family and social factors. Craving for drug abuse has been recognized as a predictor of negative outcomes of treatment of drug abuse disorders. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the role of a sense of coherence and personal intelligence in the prediction of the craving of drug users Material and Methods: The present study is descriptive and correlational. The population of the study consisted of all drug users who referred to treatment centers in the first half of 2018 in the outpatient departments of Kermanshah province, a total of 120 individuals were selected through cluster random sampling. Data collection tools consisted of three questionnaires including a sense of coherence, personal intelligence and craving. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions using SPSS 25 Results: The results of correlation coefficients showed that the craving had a negative and significant relationship with the total score of sense of coherence, that of the components of Comprehensibility, Controllability, Significance and Configuration, meaningful and shaping (P < 0. 01). The results of the regression analysis showed that 30 percent of craving variance was explained by a sense of coherence, and personal intelligence. Discussion and Conclusion: Accordingly, the sense of coherence and personal intelligence is one of the variables related to craving that can be targeted for the prevention, treatment and depression of these variables.

Introduction: Nurses are more susceptible to stress due because of their career nature. However, stress management is one of the components of health education. . Objective: The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of teaching the stress coping skills on occupational stress in Iranian nurses. Material and Methods: The current study was systematic review and meta-analysis performed until the early of April 2019. By searching phrases of “ job stress, stress, nursing and nurse” in Persian databases such as SID, Mag Iran, Iran Medex, Iran Doc, and English equivalents including Scopus, Pub med, Web-of-science, Proquest, and Science direct, all relevant studies were extracted by using Boolean “ AND” and “ OR” . Google Scholar search engine was searched in both Persian and English. The methodological quality of the papers was examined using the Cochrane-risk-of-bias tool. Data were analyzed by the random effects model and heterogeneity by I2 index using STATA 11. Results: Of a total of 1069 extracted studies, six studies have investigated the effect of stress coping skill training on occupational stress in nurses. The joint effect size (-1. 77) indicated a reduction in the effect of interventions on stress, but the heterogeneity was very high (I2 = 3. 85%). The results of meta-regression showed that none of the variables in the study such as publication year, sample size, and male to female ratio were heterogeneous. To control heterogeneity, it reached zero (I2 = 0. 00%) by the elimination of cast-away studies and the results showed that the interventions significantly reduced stress (Effect size:-0. 57 (-0. 81-0. 34) P < 0. 001). Discussion and Conclusion: Regarding the effect of training the stress coping skills on mitigating stressin nurses’ job it is recommended to implement interventional educations to reduce the stress of nurses.