Feyz Medical Sciences Journal
Year:2020 | Volume:24 | Issue:4|Papers Count:11

Background: Histone Dacetylases-4 (HDAC4) is phosphorylated by calcium-calmodulindependent kinase (CaMKII) that plays an important role in cardiac tissue hypertrophy. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of moderate intensity exercise on HDAC4 and CaMKII genes expression in myocardial Wistar male rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 19 adult male rats with 10 weeks of age and weighing of (243± 8. 2 g) were divided into 2 groups (endurance training=9) and (control=10) based on weight matching. Training program consisted of 6 weeks of endurance training, 5 days per week and moderate intensity. 24 hours after the last training session, cardiac tissue samples were extracted to measure the expression levels of HDAC4 and CaMKII by in vitro Real Time PCR. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 and independent t-test was used. Results: The results showed that the expression of both HDAC4 and CaMKII genes in the exercise group was lower than the control group, significantly (P<0. 001). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it seems that moderate intensity endurance training can change some factors related to cardiac hypertrophy tissue of rats and can be effective in preventing cardiovascular disease.

Background: Wound healing is an important concern that humankind is facing and attempting to find compounds that have the least side effects on wound healing is important. Since violet flower extract has anti-inflammatory and disinfection effects, in this study the impact of this plant on wound healing was examined. Materials and Methods: 32 rats were provided from the laboratory animal breeding center in Shahrekord, and after anesthetizing them, a full-thickness skin wound was created by a 2 by 2 Cm stencil in the posterior cervical region. The control group received no treatment, one group received Eucerin, another group received Silver Sulfadiazine 1% and the experimental group received ointment of violet flower extract 20% twice a day. Throughout the study, the length and width of the wounds were measured in each group every three days. On the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days after creating the wound, the rats were anesthetized and the healed tissues were examined for histopathologic studies. Results: The results showed a significant reduction in wound area in treated animals, especially violets, compared with the control group (P<0. 05). Histopathologically, the thickness of the epithelium and the amount of collagen showed a significant increase in the experimental group of violets. Conclusion: This can probably be attributed to the anti-inflammatory effects of the effective components of violet flower. also it’ s likely that these components stimulate collagen production and quicker contraction of wounds. Therefore, the compounds of this plant can be used to treat wounds.

Background: Epidemiological data indicate that defects of the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) causes cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to examine the effects of moderate-intensity exercise with Momordica charantia L. consumption on serum reverse cholesterol transport elements and lipid profile in men with Type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 36 men with type 2 diabetes were selected from Lolagar hospital, Tehran and were randomly divided into four groups (Control, Momordica charantia, Training and Momordica charantia+Training). The training groups participated in a progressive aerobic training for eight weeks, three sessions a week (40% to 70% of the reserved heart rate and for 15 to 45 min). The groups of Control-Momordica charantia and Momordica charantia+Training were provided 2000 mg of Momordica charantia for eight weeks (Twice a day before breakfast and dinner). Results: The results showed that the Apo-A1, Apo-E, pon-1 and HDL-c in experimental groups had a significant increase compared to the control group (Respectively P=0. 000, P=0. 001, P=0. 000 and P=0. 000). Also, LDL-c, TG and TC decrease significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. (Respectively P=0. 001, P=0. 001 and P=0. 000). Apo-A1, Apo-E and PON-1 levels were significantly increased in Momordica charantia+Training group compared to Training and Momordica charantia groups (P≤ 0. 05). Conclusions: Aerobic training and Momordica charantia consumption can reduce cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients by affecting RCT factors. Therefore, it is recommended to use a combination of training and Momordica charantia consumption to prevent and treat T2DM.

Background: In patients with subclinical hypothyroidism the levels of cortisol decrease and the levels of glucose and insulin resistance increase. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 5 months aerobic exercise training with and without Levothyroxine on serum cortisol, glucose, insulin and insulin resistance in subclinical hypothyroidism women. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, after obtaining written consent, 25 subclinical hypothyroidism women were divided into three groups: drug-exercise (n=8), exercise (n=7), and drug (n=10). Aerobic exercise training consisted of 3 sessions per week for 5 months with 50% maximal heart rate in the first week and 75% maximal heart rate in the last week. The drug group was inactive persons who took only one dose of 0. 1 mg sodium Levothyroxine tablets daily. Serum levels of cortisol, fasting plasma sugar, insulin and insulin resistance were measured in three groups before and after 5 months. Data were analyzed using analysis of MANOVA. Results: The results of MANOVA and intergroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the three groups in the levels of plasma sugar (P=0. 273), insulin (P=0. 062), insulin resistance (P=0. 070) and cortisol (P=0. 123). Conclusion: It seems that 5 months of aerobics exercise with and without Levothyroxine leads to non-significant changes in serum cortisol, plasma sugar, insulin and insulin resistance in subclinical hypothyroidism women.

Background: The most common symptoms of serum muscle injury that may change after intense physical activity are creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase (CK, LDH). This study aimed to study the effects of TRX training course and central stability on CK and LDH in obese girls. Materials and Methods: The research was semi-experimental. The subjects of this research, including 40 women from 20-25 years old, were randomly selected as research sample and were randomly assigned into 4 groups (10) (TRX, central stability, TRX-central stability and control). The subjects performed the program for 8 weeks. Before and after training period, blood samples were taken and evaluated. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Leven, one-way ANOVA tests were used to determine (P≤ 0. 05). Results: The results of the present study showed that creatine kinase (P=0. 002) and lactate dehydrogenase (P=0. 001) were reduced in all three groups after the training period compared to before the exercise and this change was significant compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was observed between different training methods. Conclusion: Performing all three resistance training methods of the whole body, central stability and combining these two methods together, caused damage, inflammation and muscle contraction but gradually the principle of adaptability was adjusted to the production of the enzymes creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. All of the three methods can be recommended as methods to increase muscle strength.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of smoking reduction on liver function tests and metabolic parameters in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) smokers. Materials and Methods: In addition to standard treatment, all patients participated in 6 sessions of “ motivational interview” workshops to encourage smoking decrement. The clinical trial consisted of two successful and unsuccessful arms. Those who decreased daily cigarette smoking more than 50% were labeled as “ successful” group. The “ unsuccessful” group consisted of those who were decreased the daily cigarette smoking less than 50%. The successful and unsuccessful groups were 43 (41%) and 61 (59%) patients respectively. The data regarding number of daily cigarette smoking, liver function tests and metabolic parameters were checked twice, in 3 and 6 months’ time after starting the intervention. Results: Liver function tests, metabolic parameters and liver fat content (LFC) were decreased in both arms after 6 months. The mean alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, fasting blood sugar, insulin, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, LFC, and waist circumference (WC) was lower in successful arm than in unsuccessful. Conclusion: It seems that concomitant standard treatment and cigarette smoking reduction has more effect in decrement of alanine aminotransferase, serum metabolic parameters, WC and LFC in NASH smokers.

Background: Divorce, is the cause of family breakdown that has many consequences for individuals and can be the source of many psychological and social injuries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on psychological, flexibility and emotional regulation in divorced women. Materials and Methods: This is a semi-experimental research with mixed-method design and a two-month follow-up, among divorced women referred to counseling centers in Tehran, 38 participants were selected through purposed sampling. Participants entering the research process, were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups through Excel Office software. ACT treatment was given to the experimental group for eight weekly twohour sessions. The data of this study were collected through emotion regulation and acceptance and action questionnaire in three time periods with use of SPSS (ver: 22) software; analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance. Results: Acceptance and commitment therapy had a significant effect on the psychological flexibility (P<0. 001) indexes and all six components of emotional regulation, including: nonacceptance of emotional responses, difficulty engaging in goal-directed behavior, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotion regulation strategies, and lack of emotional clarity (P<0. 001). Besides, the results were also stable until the two-month follow-up (P<0. 001). Conclusion: According to this study, ACT therapy can be used to treat and increase the psychological flexibility and emotion regulation of divorced women.

Background: As a universal problem, cancer is the third cause of death in Iran. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on anxiety, perceived stress and pain coping management strategies for patients with leukemia. Materials and Methods: The present study is an applied and quasi-experimental project of pretest-post-experimental type with control group. The statistical population of this study included all patients with leukemia who were hospitalized in Seyed Al-Shohada Hospital in Isfahan between April and June 2019 and their disease was confirmed. A sample of 30 people from the community who were selected using the available sampling method and using simple randomization method in two groups of acceptance and commitment treatment (n=15) and control group (n=15) were appointed. Data were obtained using the perceived stress scale, Beck's anxiety scale and pain response strategies questionnaire. In order to deduce the inferential analysis, the one-dimensional and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used, which was performed with SPSS. 22 software. Results: The results showed that the group had a significant effect on anxiety score (F=72. 89, P<0. 0001, partial ƞ 2=0. 78), perceived stress (F=71. 01, P<0. 0001, partial ƞ 2=0. 78), and pain coping strategies (F=113. 14, P<0. 0001, partial ƞ 2=0. 85). Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is effective in addressing anxiety, perceived stress, and pain coping strategies in patients with leukemia. Therefore, psychological interventions can be used to reduce the psychological problems caused by leukemia in patients.

Background: Cognitive behavioral therapy is the first-line and golden standard in treating chronic insomnia disorder but some studies showed that by addressing metacognitive components, its efficacy increases. The present study aimed to evaluate efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy with or without metacognitive techniques in people with chronic insomnia disorder. Materials and Methods: Once evaluator took diagnostic assessments, four patients including one male and three females who met eligibility criteria were assigned to cognitive behavioral therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy with metacognitive techniques consisting of detached mindfulness and worry/ rumination postponement. All of the patients were assessed six times by sleep efficacy index and perceived social support scale. Then, dada were analyzed by visual interpretation of ups and downs in graphs, effect size and diagnostic recovery. Results: Although duration of the disorder in patients who received cognitive behavioral therapy with metacognitive techniques was longer compared to patients in the other group, they had higher sleep efficiency and perceived social support than the other group. Both of the groups especially which received metacognitive techniques were achieved high effect size and diagnostic recovery. Treatment gains were maintained till three months after treatment ended. Conclusion: Adding metacognitive techniques to golden standard in treating of chronic insomnia disorder could increase the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in terms of sleep efficiency and perceived social support.

Background: This study aimed to carry out a scientometric and content analysis of articles on "Retracted Paper". Materials and Methods: The study is applied research in terms of the purpose and scientometrics descriptive in terms of type, which has been done using the content analysis. The study population is the scientific productions on "retracted paper" indexed in Scopus by early August 2019. From 2628 retrieved articles, 140 articles related to the topic were selected. The analyzed factors were publication year, country, article type, and subject. Results: The results show a significant increase in the number of articles from 2014 onwards. 159 authors from 36 countries and 160 universities/organizations participated in these articles. Reasons for retraction and the subjects of the articles were examined. The effect of retraction on the reputation of authors and the number of their scientific productions and citations were also examined. Gender and language of the corresponding author, international collaborations, the trend of retracted paper, journal impact factor, and time between publishing and retraction of papers were analyzed. Finally, the role of universities in academic Integrity education to researchers has been mentioned. Conclusion: The results indicate the need to pay more attention to academic integrity education to all stakeholders (researchers, journal editors, publishers, and reviewers) and inform them about the consequences of scientific misconduct. The education and research system, scoring system, researcher promotion system, the peer review process of journals, and the punishment system for those who commit scientific misconduct need to be revised.

Background: Cognitive-behavioral interventions are one of the various methods of reducing anxiety in cardiovascular patients. The present systematic and meta-analysis review study was conducted to determine the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on anxiety in cardiovascular patients. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on Iranian English and Persian studies into cognitive behavioral intervention on anxiety in cardiovascular patients published between 2000 and 2018. An online search to find studies published in databases of PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database and Magiran. Search key terms were “ Heart Disease” , “ Cognitive Behavior Therapy” , “ anxiety” and as well as their equivalents in the Medical Subject Headings and “ Iran” . From 42 studies in the primary search, 4 eligible articles were included in the metaanalysis. Modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist was used for quality appraisal. The mean and standard deviation of anxiety of patients based on the Beck Inventory were extracted from the selected studies. data were analyzed using the Review Manager software. Results: As a result of the combination of studies, the mean of anxiety among cardiovascular patients after cognitive-behavioral intervention showed a significant decrease of 8. 73 units with 95% confidence interval (-11. 36--6. 10) and this variable in interventional group compared to the control group showed a significant decrease of 7. 35 units with 95% confidence interval (-9. 71--4. 99). Conclusion: It seems that "Cognitive-behavioral intervention therapy" to be effective in reducing anxiety in cardiovascular patients and may be used as a complementary treatment along with medication for these patients.