SAREM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH (SAREM JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE)
Year:2019 | Volume:4 | Issue:3|Papers Count:7

Aims Aminosynthesis is used as a powerful method to identify fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities. In this method, routine karyotyping and the gold standard method is used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities in amniotic fluid during 2006-2017 in women referred to Sarem Women's Hospital. Materials & Methods In this experimental study, a total of 6298 amniotic fluid samples from pregnant women referred to Sarem Women's Hospital diagnosed high-risk were collected after genetic counseling from 2006 to 2017 and were chromosomally evaluated using standard cytogenetic and GTG bonding methods. Findings Frequency of referral indications included maternal serum screening 70. 8%, advanced maternal age 14. 3%, abnormal sonograghy 5. 1%, positive history of chromosomal diseases and rearrangements 3. 4%, maternal anxiety 1. 5% and other 5. 0%. The total rate of chromosome abnormality was 5. 1%. Chromosomal abnormalities rate for each group was: history of chromosomal rearrangements and diseases 11. 2%, abnormal sonograghy 9. 7%, advanced maternal age 5. 3%, abnormal maternal serum screening test 4. 4%, anxiety 2. 2%, and other referrals was 5. 7%. Conclusion Parents who are carriers for chromosomal rearrangements and women with foetal abnormal ultrasonic findings have great risks for chromosomal disorders in their fetuses. This study, as well as others, emphasizes the significance of karyotyping in pregnant woman with abnormal maternal serum screening test, advanced maternal age, history of chromosome abnormality, and abnormal sonograghy.

Aims Mycoplasma hominis has today been described as an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium in the human genital and it is not possible to detect infection by culture, molecular and serological methods because of genetic changes and surface antigens of the bacterium. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of indirect immunofluorescence method for the detection of infection caused by this organism. Materials & Methods A total of 300 serum and vaginal discharge samples were collected from patients referred to Sarem Hospital. Antibody titer against Mycoplasma hominis in human serum samples were measured using an indirect immunofluorescence kit and the presence of bacteria in vaginal discharge was assessed by two methods of culture and real-time PCR. Findings Of the 300 samples tested, 36 cases (12%) were detected by culture and real-time PCR. Indirect immunofluorescence method showed false negative results in 19 cases and false positive results in 41 cases compared to the reference method. Therfore the sensitivity and specificity of this method were 47% and 85. 5%, respectively Conclusion Indirect immunofluorescence method is not suitable for screening purposes due to its low sensitivity and for the detection of Mycoplasma hominis infection, it is necessary to employ sensitive molecular methods such as real-time PCR.

Aims One of the new challenges in the field of infertility in women is delaying pregnancy due to inadequate response of ovaries to ovulation induction drugs. Many studies have been conducted to provide therapeutic protocols in this regard, but there is not still sufficient and conclusive evidence to introduce a single treatment protocol. The aim of this study was to evaluate the success rate of Sarem Hospital protocol in patients with poor ovarian response to ART. Instrument & Methods This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was performed on 104 records in Sarem Hospital from 2015 to 2017 that was proved their poor ovarian response according to world criteria and were treated by Sarem Hospital protocol. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and Pearson correlation test. Findings Of 104 patients, 58 (55. 8%) had infertility treatment and had a history of previous IVF and 46 patients (44. 2%) did not receive any specific treatment. The mean duration of infertility was 5. 11± 4. 67 years. The mean number of oocytes obtained from the current cycle was 4. 79± 2. 98, which was 3. 87 more than the number of oocytes of the previous cycle. The mean number of embryos formed was 2. 69± 1. 75 and the number of transferred embryos was 2. 10± 0. 96. Finally, 21 patients had positive β HCG test results and sonography showed FHR+ after three weeks. Conclusion The protocol approved in Sarem Hospital for patients with poor ovarian response to ART has the potential of 20. 2% successful pregnancy.

Aims Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) causes metabolic disorders and endocrine disruptions in the body. Serum levels of some hormones in this disease are abnormal, including increased levels of estradiol in the blood. On the other hand, women with PCOS have insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between estradiol and insulin levels in PCOS patients referred to Sarem Hospital. Instrument & Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 567 patients with PCOS referring to the infertility clinic of Sarem Hospital. Demographic and disease information was collected through a questionnaire and the results were analyzed by SPSS 22 software. Findings There was a significant correlation between BMI and fasting (p=0. 0001) and 2hpp (p=0. 001) insulin. Also a weak and inverse correlation was observed between fasting insulin and prolactin levels (p=0. 005). There was a weak correlation between fasting (p=0. 004) and 2hpp (p=0. 0001) insulin levels and menstrual cycle. There was no statistically significant correlation between serum estradiol levels and fasting and 2hpp insulin (p>0. 05). Conclusion There is no correlation between blood estradiol levels and insulin resistance and increased fasting and 2hpp blood insulin levels in patients with PCOS that lead to insulin resistance in these individuals cannot be used alone as a criterion of PCOS.

Backgrounds & Aims Intestinal fever or typhoid fever caused by a variety of Salmonella serotypes is still one of the most important medical infections in developing countries. Hormonal changes and its inhibitory effect on the immune system in pregnant women may predispose them to various infections, including typhoid fever caused by Salmonella enterica. Gastroenteritis and septicemia caused by this bacterium can infect the placenta and fetus if they occur during pregnancy, and if not treated early, they may be associated with risks such as abortion. This report is about a pregnant woman with an infectious abortion who referred to Sarem Hospital in Tehran. Patient Information In this report, a case of abortion caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi was reported in a 35-year-old pregnant woman who was admitted to a hospital in Iraq with symptoms of gastroenteritis about a month before abortion and was discharged without antibiotics. Widal serological test and blood culture of the patient were negative and the bacterium was isolated from placenta in culture. Conclusion Gastroenteritis and gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting in pregnant women, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy, should be monitored for salmonella infections, because there is a risk of infection and abortion due to infection. Serologic tests such as Widal test or a blood culture are not enough for this purpose, as false negative results are likely to occur in such cases.

Backgrounds & Aims Rokitansky-Kü ster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a rare genetic disease that can be one of the causes of primary amenorrhea in young girls. These patients usually refer with primary amenorrhea despite the normal appearance of the genital tract and normal secondary sexual traits. Although these patients have no other concomitant symptoms, a small percentage of functional endometrial islets are observed. This report investigated a 19-yearold young woman with Rokitansky-Kü ster-Hauser syndrome with severe endometriosis. Patient Information The patient was a 19-year-old woman who referred to the hospital with primary amenorrhea and severe cyclic pain and was diagnosed with uterus larger than normal with vaginal agenesis and cervix in early studies, with primary uterine enlargement and severe endometriosis due to Rokitansky syndrome. So the patient underwent hysterectomy and was a candidate for vaginoplasty Conclusion Functional endometriosis in patients with Rokitansky syndrome is approximately 7-10%, but in the event of primary amenorrhea and symptoms of cyclic pain in the patient, Rokitansky syndrome should be considered and for preventing secondary endometriosis caused by it, cutting off the monthly menstrual cycles or bringing out the uterus containing the endometrium or creating an anastomosis between the functional uterus and vaginal, if it is possible, seem logical techniques.

Backgrounds & Aims Placenta previa is one of the most common causes of pregnancy hemorrhage in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy with maternal and fetal complications, which is associated with an increased risk of maternal and fetal complications and increased maternal and fetal mortality. The purpose of this article was to introduce a new suture technique for the control of severe bleeding in cases of Placenta previa. Conclusion Using the Sarem special suture technique in cases of Placenta previa leading to severe and uncontrolled bleeding that would normally lead to uterine ejaculation or even maternal death, there was no case of uterine ejection and maternal mortality indicating that the use of this technique is effective.