Nursing And Midwifery Journal
Year:2021 | Volume:19 | Issue:1 (138)|Papers Count:8

Background & Aims: Back pain is one of the major problems in women around the world and nearly 80% of people have experienced it at least once in their lifetime. Urinary incontinence is also one of the most important problems in women, which is usually associated with back pain. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and compare eight weeks of Kegel exercises and stability exercises on pain relief, urinary incontinence in women with urinary incontinence and back pain. Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study and its design was a two-group study with pretest and posttest. For this purpose, 45 women with urinary incontinence and low back pain were randomly selected in 3 equal groups of 15 experimental (Kegel and stability) and control. In order to evaluate the factors of functional disability, quality of life and urinary incontinence, the ossoster questionnaire, quality of life questionnaire and urinary incontinence diagnosis form were used, respectively. Both experimental groups performed Kegel and stability exercises (3 sessions of 30 to 45 minutes per week) for 8 weeks. The control group did not perform any exercises during this period. Analysis of covariance at the significance level of (p≤ 0/05) was used to analyze the data. Results: According to these findings Both Kegel exercises and stability exercises had a significant effect on on functional disability, quality of life and urinary incontinence in women with stress urinary incontinence and back pain (P≤ 0. 05). Conducting a between-group comparison also showed that which was related to the stability exercises and Kegel exercises, respectively (P≤ 0. 05). Conclusion: According to these findings, stability exercises provided greater recuperation than Kegel exercises in women with urinary incontinence and back pain. However, further studies with a larger sample size are recommended to support the findings of the present study and to help prevent women with urinary incontinence and back pain.

Background & Aims: Assessing learners' perceptions of the educational environment and using its results to improve the quality of the educational environment is always considered by those involved in the designing, implementing, and evaluating curricula. Clinical education environments are of special importance due to their unique and complex features and the present descriptive study has been conducted with the aim of determining the status of hospital education environment in Urmia educational and medical centers from the perspective of medical residents in 2020. Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using the PHEEM standard questionnaire to evaluate the clinical education environment. The questionnaire was given to all residents who had experienced the training environment for at least six months. 205 first to fourth-year residents of all fields in Urmia University of Medical Sciences completed the questionnaire. This questionnaire consists of 40 questions that assess the three areas of perception of teaching, role independence, and social support of residents. The statistical analysis were performed using SPSS 16 software. Results: Based on the findings, out of 205 subjects who completed the questionnaire, 99 were female (48. 3%) and 106 were male (51. 7%) with a mean age of 33. 08 ± 5. 41 years. The mean and standard deviation of the sub-criteria of perception of role independence, perception of teaching and perception of social support were 25. 77 ± 9. 62, 24. 72 ± 11. 93, and 20. 35 ± 7. 18, respectively. The average total score of the questionnaire was 70. 27 ± 83. The results also indicated a significant relationship between the variable of the total score of the questionnaire and the specialty of students (p <0. 05). However, there is no significant relationship between the total score variable with the variables of gender, degree, and hospital (p > 0. 05). Conclusions: According to the results, the clinical education environment of residency in educationalmedical centers of Urmia city needs to be improved and promoted and requires the attention of medical education managers. As there are opportunities to improve the learning environment, it is recommended to pay attention to the expectations of the residents. Perhaps one of the most important steps to improve educational conditions is to conduct such studies with a higher sample size in other educational and medical centers in the country.

Background & Aims: Research literature shows that social support is related to self-care in patients with asthma, but the underlying mechanisms of this relationship need further research. This study was conducted to investigate the mediating role of perceived stress in the relationship between social support and self-care dimensions in patients with asthma. Materials & Methods: The present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all patients with asthma in the specialized asthma clinic of Sayad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan. The sample consisted of 127 subjects who were selected by available sampling method and answered the standard questionnaires of perceived stress by Cohen et al. (1983), social support of Simat et al. (1988), and Persian self-harm (2006). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and path analysis. Results: The results showed the effect of social support on family (β = 0. 11, p <0. 01), the effect of social support on friends (β = 0. 09, p <0. 01), and the effect of social support on others (08 Β = 0, p <0. 01) are significant with the mediating role of perceived stress on positive self-care. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that social support affects self-care through perceived stress. Therefore, paying attention to interventions and training in stress management and gaining social support can be a good way to increase self-care.

Background & Aims: In recent years, the country’ s healthcare sectors are faced with several financial challenges due to increased cost. This has necessitated nurse managers to build financial management skills to enable them to lead in the provision of effective and efficient care while reducing cost. This demands adequate knowledge and skills in financial management. Accordingly, the research examined the financial management knowledge and skills of nurse managers in public hospitals of Iran. Materials & Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study based on a quantitative approach. Across-sectional design was employed using the census approach to collect data through a questionnaire from 269 nurse managers in public hospitals in two provinces of Fars and Sistan and Baluchestan. Data analyses were performed using descriptive and mean comparison tests (t-test and oneway ANOVA) via SPSS statistical software. Results: Nurse Managers in both provinces showed a low level of knowledge and skills in financial management. Gender, age, work experience, and level of education also did not affect the financial management skills of nurse managers. Also, the results showed that the level of knowledge of financial management skills (2. 702) is higher than the ability to apply financial management skills (2. 425) among nursing managers (t = 9. 942 and P = 0. 0005). Conclusion: Nurse Managers play a significant role in the financial management of hospitals but have inadequate knowledge, skills, and competence in financial management. Recommendations include well-structured training and education on financial management using a multidisciplinary approach to enable nurse managers to gain the required knowledge and skills. Continuous experiential learning and mentorship programs should be developed for nurses before the assumption of management positions.

Background & Aims: In difficult and critical situations like the corona pandemic, nurses always face a great deal of stress that may increase their intention to leave. Since resilience is considered as one of the individuals’ abilities to adapt to stressful situations, this study was aimed at predicting the intention to leave among nurses in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Mahabad city during the corona pandemic period based on job stress and resilience components. Materials & Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of this study included all nurses in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Mahabad (n= 250) in 2020. Using Cochran’ s formula, 151 subjects were chosen as the sample by simple random sampling method. 140 accurate and measurable, and citable questionnaires were returned. The study tool included three standard questionnaires: Intention to Leave by Kim et al. (2007), Resilience Questionnaire by Connor and David Seven (2003), and Job Stress Questionnaire by Philip Al Rice (1999). Data analysis was conducted by Pearson correlation test and stepwise regression using SPSS software version 19. Results: According to the research findings, a positive and significant relationship between the intention to leave the job and job stress was revealed and job stress predicts the nurses’ intention to leave (r = 0. 746 and p<. 001). Moreover, there was a negative and significant relationship between resilience and the intention to leave and resilience predicts the nurses’ intention to leave (r =-0. 887 and p<. 001). Conclusion: Resilience and job stress may predict the nurses’ intention to leave the profession in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Mahabad during the corona pandemic. Hence, managers are better to reduce the nurses’ intention to leave their work in the Corona pandemic through decreasing job stressors besides implementing resilience-training programs.

Background & Aims: Hope is one of the psychological needs of the human being that is also very important in nursing. Studies also show that nurses play an important role in generating hope because of their many interactions with patients. This concept remains almost obscure in nursing, especially in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Understanding this concept as much as possible can help nurses provide nursing care. So, this study was conducted to analyze the concept of hope in MS patients using Rodgers' evolutionary method. Materials & Methods: This study was done with Rodgers’ evolutionary method. In the literature review, databases of Science Direct, Springer, PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Magiran, Iran medex, SID, Embase, Scopus, and Ovid were searched with terms of Nursing Hope concept', Hope, Wish, Belief, Faith, Expectation and Multiple Sclerosis without time limitation. Overall, 17 studies were selected. The text of the selected articles was analyzed by thematic and inductive methods. Results: In this study, the attributes of this concept were defined as transcendence, achievement of goals, balancing between inner emotional dichotomies, and a positive view of the future. The antecedents of this concept were identified in two dimensions: individual factors and environmental-social factors and their consequences in both physical and psychological dimensions. Conclusion: The findings of this study can help develop theories and even build the needed tools by clarifying the concept of hope in patients with MS.

Background & Aims: AIDS is a pandemic and a health challenge in the world, and all the people of society are at risk of this health problem. Among the population, teenagers and young adults, especially students, are more vulnerable than any other in the community. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) approach, the only effective way to prevent and control this disease is through health education, and high-risk and vulnerable groups should be given priority to educational programs. The present study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention based on the health belief model (HBM) on promoting health beliefs among male high school students in Oshnavieh city toward AIDS. Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 male high school students. The subjects were divided equally into intervention and control groups (n = 30). The educational intervention was performed using lectures and group discussion and show of training film. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable 3-part questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, and knowledge about HIV/AIDS, and HBM constructs. The study data were analyzed using independent t-test, chi-square, and repeated measures in SPSS software version 16. Results: The study revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy (p > 0. 05). After educational intervention significant differences were observed in the aforementioned variables (p < 0. 05). Conclusion: The present study revealed the effect and effectiveness of the health belief model on promoting health beliefs regarding prevention of AIDS, and the results of this study can benefit health educators/promoters in designing educational programs regarding diseases and health problems.

Background & Aims: Cancer is a common chronic disease that, despite advances in treatment and care, affects all aspects of a person's personal-family-social life and requires physical-psychosocial adjustment due to the severe psychosocial consequences that follow. This is especially important in adolescents because they are in the period of complex evolutionary changes. Adolescents' perceptions of support from friends and its relationship to adolescent adjustment to cancer are also highly debated. Adolescents with cancer use a variety of social support resources to help diagnose and treat their disease. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between the perception of support from friends and psychosocial adjustment to the disease in adolescents with cancer. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 95 adolescents aged 11-20 years with cancer who were referred to Amir Oncology Hospital and Imam Reza (AS) Clinic in Shiraz in 2019 according to the inclusion criteria of the available sampling method and by completing the demographic profile form and questionnaires of perceived support of friends and psychosocial adjustment to the illness scale participated in this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 25 statistical software and descriptive and analytical statistical tests (mean and standard deviation, frequency and percentage, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients, one-way ANOVA and independent t-test) at the significance level of p <0. 05. Results: The results showed that among the demographic characteristics, there was an inverse relationship between ages with psychosocial adjustment to the illness, and there was no significant relationship between other characteristics. There was no significant difference between the total scores of psychosocial adjustments among girls and boys and also the mean scores of perceived supports from friends and the total score of psychosocial adjustment between patients with leukemia and other types of cancer. Most patients had moderate perception of support from friends (63. 2%) with a total score of 23. 24. Psychosocial adjustment to the illness was also at the level of strong adjustment with a total score of 2. 01 and the highest adjustment was related to the attitude toward the illness with an average of 2. 29 ± 0. 47 and the lowest adjustment was related to the dimension of psychological disorders with an average of 1. 74 ± 0. 82. The score of perception of support from friends was directly related to the total score of psychosocial adjustment and the dimensions of attitudes toward illness and the social environment (p <0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be stated that there is a correlation between the perception of support from friends and psychosocial adjustment to cancer in adolescents with cancer. Direct correlation of perception of support from friends with the total score of psychosocial adjustment and dimensions of attitude towards illness and social environment confirms the effect of adolescents' social relationships with peers and friends on adaptation and adjustment to cancer in psychological (attitude to disease) and social dimensions (social environment). It is clear that adolescents with cancer, with a good understanding of the support provided by friends will have the power and motivation to accept and cope with the illness, and will be able to adapt to the new situation with a positive feeling. Considering the results of the present study and other similar studies, it can be stated that the support of friends as a source of support can help a person cope and promote psychosocial adjustment to the illness.