Nowadays, wireless sensor networks are used in many different fields and applications. Enemy tracking and wildlife habitats monitoring are some examples of target tracking by using a large number of sensor nodes. The main idea in this area is the availability of target information such as location, speed, and movement direction at any time. As the sensor nodes in this network model have a severe energy limit and cannot be recharged, in this paper, an efficient tracking algorithm, namely EAASA, is presented to reduce energy consumption while maintaining the quality of target tracking. The simulation results compared with the cluster-based tracking algorithm AASA (auction-based adaptive sensor activation) show that the proposed algorithm is able to reduce the energy consumption significantly while maintaining tracking quality. This has increased the lifetime of the network and reduced the loss of target rate.