SAREM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH (SAREM JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE)
Year:2020 | Volume:5 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Aims: Overweight or obese pregnant women are prone to excessive weight gain during pregnancy, which is closely related to the adverse consequences of pregnancy. This study was performed to investigate the effect of a period of combined exercise training on gestational weight gain in overweight pregnant women. Methods: This study is an experimental intervention (a randomized clinical trial) performed on overweight pregnant women referred to the prenatal clinic of Sarem Women's Hospital in the years 2019-2020. 25 pregnant women meeting inclusion criteria were selected and divided into two groups of exercise intervention (n=13) and control (n=12). Mothers in both groups were evaluated in person for weight, blood pressure and anthropometric characteristics at 16-18, 25-29 and 36-37 gestational weeks. The exercise program was performed from 16-18 to 36-37 gestational weeks. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software v. 21. Findings: According to the results obtained based on linear regression analysis and considering of the effect of various factors along with exercise on gestational weight gain (such as age and BMI of the mother) weight gain of mothers in the exercise intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (10. 53 ± 3. 80 vs. 9. 42± 2. 93 kg). Conclusion: The higher weight gain of mothers in the exercise intervention group can be due to increase in muscle mass as a result of exercise. Because of the novelty of this study and the limited number of mothers under study, these findings require further studies with more participants in future.

Introduction: The blood flow of the maternal uterine artery is an important factor that helps maintain the intrauterine environment and enables the normal placental function to support fetal growth and development. Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality worldwide. The relationship between uterine artery blood flow and placental development is essential to understanding placental and its abnormalities in both preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. This study aimed to report high uterine artery pressure as a case report. Case report: In this case, a 27-year-old woman, G2P1A0 and 15 weeks referred to this center for pregnancy care. The patient had a history of normal and non-specific pregnancy in the first pregnancy. The second pregnancy was done normally and was not report any bleeding and or spotting. In first level screening, NT was increased and aspirin was administered due to resistance increasing in both uterine arteries. At 35 weeks and 4 days, the patient was hospitalized due to a severe increase in blood pressure, and the cesarean section was done with the final detection of preeclampsia. Finally, the patient was discharged with the good general condition and normal hypertension. Conclusion: High blood pressure is always a threatening factor in pregnancy and the lack of danger signs is not defining reason for the absence of this complication. Early detection and proper administration of preeclampsia can improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Background and Aims: Noninvasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT), which analyzes cell-free fetal DNA circulating in maternal blood, is a new option in the prenatal screening and testing paradigm for trisomy 21 and a few other fetal chromosomal aneuploidies. NIPT technologies have been validated in singleton pregnancies at high risk for trisomy 21 due to advanced maternal age, an abnormal serum screen, personal or family history of aneuploidy, and abnormal ultrasound. The testing is non-invasive, so the pregnancy is not put at risk for miscarriage or other adverse outcomes associated with invasive testing procedures. At least 99% of all pregnancies with trisomy 21 can be detected using this test. However, up to 1 in 100 pregnancies with trisomy 21 will have a normal result and be missed on screening. Conclusion: The International Society of Prenatal Diagnosis (ISPD) and the Iranian Ministry of Health endorse the NIPT method as a suitable screening test for women at high risk for trisomy 21. Positive results should be confirmed by invasive tests. Future advances in NIPT technology promise to expand the range of conditions that can be detected, including single-gene disorders.

Introduction: Infertility is one of the common problems in reproductive age and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the general health of infertile women with PCOS referred to Sarem hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 64 married women suffering PCOS with age 18 to 40 years undergoing infertility treatment. The data collection tools in this study included General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and demographic information that its validity was confirmed by faculty members. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and the results were demonstrated in tables. Results: The results of this study demonstrated that the mean age of subjects was 29. 82± 3. 04 years and marriage duration was 12. 98± 2. 99 years and these patients had a history of 9. 98± 2. 98 years of infertility averagely. Most of these people had primary infertility (93. 7%) and others patients had secondary infertility (6. 3%). Also, in terms of general health, 43. 7% of participants in this study had a mild disorder. The percentage of mild disorders in general health included 60. 9% of physical symptoms, 37. 6% of those with anxiety and sleep disorders, and 51. 5% of social functions, while 68. 8% had severe depression. But, none of these participants in the research had an intense disorder in the areas of social function. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that most infertile people under treatment had a severe disturbance in the depression; therefore, it seems that screening strategies and depression treatment should be noticed in their infertility course.

Aims: Today, the definition of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) includes a wide range of signs and symptoms such as ultrasound features of ovaries, ovarian factor infertility, hyperandrogenism, obesity and insulin resistance, that each of these disorders cause to various symptoms and manifestations. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of PCOS based on clinical signs and ultrasound examination and their pregnancy outcomes. Instruments & Methods: This retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 259 patients referred to infertility clinic of Sarem Hospital from 2016 to 2018. The records of all patients who met two criteria of the main three Rotterdam criteria were included in the study. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U and Fisher exact tests. Findings: 62. 2% of participants were diagnosed to have PCOS in ultrasonography findings and 38. 7% had hirsutism symptoms in clinical examinations and only 4. 2% of this participants, had acne symptoms. 56. 8% had no menstrual disorders. BMI, LH, FSH, AMH and age had a significant relationship with the ultrasound scan of the PCOS (P<0. 05). In 23. 6% of the patients with positive sonography of the PCOS, pregnancy test was positive and in 14. 7% of them, clinical pregnancy was positive and only 7. 3% of them had the birth of a live newborn. Conclusion: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a multifactorial disorder which has a wide range of clinical and biochemical complications and symptoms.

Aims: Diabetes has adverse effect on male reproductive system. The onion (Allium cepa) seed is a rich natural source of antioxidant which can improve the damaging effects caused by diabetes on different tissues. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of alcoholic extract of onion seeds on the histopathological changes of epididymis in streptozotocine-induced diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 50 adult male Wistar rats were allocated into 5 groups (n=10). Groups 1 and 2 received 0. 1 CC ethanol extract of onion seed in dosages of 200 and 400 mg/ kg body weight (B. W. ) by stomach gavage daily. Group 3 (as control group) included healthy rats that received normal water and food for 4 weeks. Group 4 included untreated diabetic rats that received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ 60 mg/kg B. W. and with FBS>250 mg/ dose 3U/100 g B. W. by subcutaneous injection. Histological and morphological structures of the epididymis was evaluated in different groups. Findings: Our data showed that the histology parameters in diabetic rats receiving the extract was improved significantly. Administration of both doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg B. W. onion seed extract could increase epithelium height and decrease fibromuscular thickness significantly. Also, data demonstrated that tubule and lumen diameter did not change significantly in onion extract-treated groups. Conclusion: Our finding indicated that onion seed extract may be useful as a supplementary protective agent against adverse effects of diabetes on reproductive system in diabetic men.

Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy refers to placental implantation in a location other than the uterine cavity and is the most common cause of death in pregnant women in pregnancy first trimester. Regarding to this important topic and its complications, the present study was designed and conducted to evaluate the prevalence of ectopic pregnancy and its risk factors in Sarem hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study in which 149 patients’ cases referred to Sarem hospital were studied from 2006 to 2018 and obtained data was analyzed by SPSS software 22 version. Results: The results of this study based on the history of ectopic pregnancy disease demonstrated that out of samples total number, pregnancy gravid wasreported 40. 7% in first pregnancy, 59. 3% in second pregnancy and abortion history 9. 4%. In this research, the patients did not mention an abortion history and infertility; and also, most of them had no way to contraception. Of evaluated patients, a history of uterine tubal surgery was 4. 7% and surgeon history on abdominal and pelvic was 47%. Tubes had the most of conflict point and right direction had the most of conflict side. Clinical symptoms of patients included abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, and the main treatment method of them was laparoscopy. Conclusion: regarding to obtained results, it seems abdominal or pelvic surgery can lead to complications such as ectopic pregnancy and this point can be considered in cesarean section.

Introduction: Amniotic fluid embolism (Anaphylactoid Syndrome of Pregnancy) is a rare and unpredictable complication of pregnancy that occurs during or postparturition. This complication occurs when amniotic fluid enters mother blood, which this condition is rare and its main symptom is cardiopulmonary arrest. Because maternal mortality associated with this complication is so high, early detection and prompt treatment are important for the improvement of prognosis. Case presentation: A 37-year-old pregnant woman, gravida 2 para 2, experienced cardiac and respiratory arrest at the end of the cesarean operation and 45 minutes after spinal anesthesia and then baby exhaust. The baby was healthy. Mother had a height of 170 cm, weight 117 kg, and BMI of more than 40 that CPR was started promptly and after 10 minutes of necessary evaluations, the patient had vital signs and sinus rhythm. The patient was discharged in good general condition. Conclusion: Initial supportive care is important if amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is suspected. Early diagnosis and aggressive management of the patient with cardiopulmonary resuscitation will be associated with increased survival and reduced morbidity and mortality.