Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2020 | Volume:19 | Issue:4|Papers Count:10

Background and Objectives: The ABC family of transporters, in addition to their role in cell division and storage of cell volume in fungi, are reported to play a role in natural metabolism and drug resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular separation and cloning of the ATP-binding Cassette (ABC) from Trichophyton rubrum. Materials and Methods: Sixty samples of dermatophytosis were isolated from patients. Isolates were identified by chemical and molecular tests. Afterward, PCR was performed using specific primers for the ABC gene. PCR product was cloned in the PTG19 vector. Real-Time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression level of ABC gene. Results: A total of 12 isolates of Trichophyton Rubrum were identified. Six isolates were positive for ABC gene. The expression of the ABC gene cloned in E. coli XL1blue was confirmed by Real time PCR. Conclusion: One of the most stable ways of resistance to antibiotics in microorganisms is the expression of efflux pumps. In this regard, researchers have developed compounds that inhibit the influx of pumps and use their combination with antibiotics to treat infections; However, due to the toxicity of most of these compounds in humans, their widespread use is prohibited, so the new challenge is to find new inhibitory compounds with less toxicity.

Background and Objective: Global longitudinal peak systolic strain (GLPS) is an accurate and repeatable technique for assessment of left ventricular systolic function. The aim of this study was to comparison of GLPS in subjects with ER pattern in ECG with patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and healthy subjects by speckle tracking echocardiography. Subjects and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 30 patients with STEMI and 19 subjects with ER pattern on ECG admitted to Imam and Golestan hospitals in Ahvaz. The control group was 30 healthy subjects without cardiovascular disease and with normal ECG. ER pattern, defined as notching or slurring of the terminal part of QRS complex, J-point elevation ≥ 0. 1 mV in more than 2 contiguous leads on ECG and QRS0. 05). Moreover, the incidence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD grade 1) in the STEMI group was higher than in two groups of ER and healthy (60%, 10. 5% and 9. 7%, respectively; P <0. 001). Conclusions: Echocardiography parameters including LVEF, PAP, HR, SV, TAPSE, GLPS and LVDD could be used to differentiate between STEMI and people with ER pattern in ECG.

Background and Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Cancer can predispose people to mental health problems and reduce their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of hydrotherapy on cognitive flexibility and quality of life of women who survived from breast cancer. Subjects and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study were women who survived from breast cancer, 40 individuals were selected by simple random sampling and divided into two groups (each group: 20 people). Experimental group performed water training for 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week and 60 minutes per session and control group did not receive any intervention. The WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire (1996) and Cognitive Flexibility were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics and covariance analysis were used to analyze the results. Results: The results showed that performing different exercises in water significantly increased the quality of life and cognitive flexibility in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The results showed that water training effectively improves quality of life and high cognitive flexibility in women who survives from breast cancer. Therefore, it is recommended that this approach can be used to improve the quality of life and increase the cognitive flexibility in women who survive from breast cancer.

Background and Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by inflammation of peripheral joints, pain, swelling and bone losses. Foods containing flavinoid such as grape seed can reduce pain, inflammation, and joint swelling in RA patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Grapex on disease severity and activity in RA patients. Subjects and Method: Sixty RA patients over the age of 18 years and diagnosed on the basis of ACR criteria were divided into two groups. The first group received 100 mg daily Grapex and the second group received placebo. At the end of the study, after 8 weeks, disease activity Score (DAS28), CRP and ESR were compared based on mean difference in both groups. Results: The results showed that DAS28 level was lower in the intervention group after the administration of Grapex that was statistically significant (P <0. 001). Whereas in the placebo group the mean DAS28 did not change after and before placebo (P> 0. 05). Conclusion: Regarding significant change in mean difference of DAS28 that was only seen in the intervention group, it can be concluded that Grapex in RA patients decreases the severity of the disease. Therefore, Grapex as a supplement can be a promising treatment to reduce the severity of inflammation in these patients, along with other conventional treatments.

Background and Objective: Due to the chronic nature of the diabetes, patients need training to take care of themselves and increase self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is a person's confidence in the ability to perform self-care behaviors in specific situations. With increasing awareness, patients' self-efficacy has increased, which significantly reduces the complications of the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of two educational methods of multimedia and video-feedback on the self-efficacy of diabetic patients. Subjects and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 75 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus were selected using simple sampling technique and were subsequently divided into three groups. In the multimedia group, the subjects were given a CD and in the video‒ teach-back group, the subjects received training for four 1-hour sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed before intervention and three months after intervention using DMSES (Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale) was determined. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the pre-intervention patients' self-efficacy scores in the three groups (P> 0. 05), but there was a significant difference between the self-efficacy scores after intervention in the two groups compared to the control group. (P <0. 01). The results showed that the effectiveness of both educational methods on self-efficacy in diabetic patients was same (P = 0. 302). Conclusion: Use of multimedia and video‒ teach-back educational techniques improved self-efficacy for patients with Type II diabetes mellitus. Given the cost-effectiveness of both these techniques, they can be used for diabetic patients.

Background and Objective: Broca's aphasia is characterize by reduced content of speech and increased pause in sentences, reduced rate of speech and reduced sentence length. In this study, the effectiveness of video clips was assess as a verbal stimulus in Response Elaboration Training (RET) with the objective to increase speech content. Case presentation: The patient was a 45-year-old with a complaint of inability to speak after brain tumor surgery. Cognitive test results were normal in this patient. However, the results of Persian Farsi battery showed severe Broca's aphasia. There was no such dysarthria and apraxia in this patient. The patient was schedule for one hour and three-days a week Video-Clip Stimuli training. Results: After 4 sessions, the content of the patient's words was more than twice the content of his words in the evaluation sessions. . Conclusion: The present research showed that the Response Elaboration Training (RET) could increase the content of patients’ utterances more than 2 times.

Background and Objectives: Despite the positive effects of a high intensity interval training it causes oxidative stress due to high intensity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E supplementation and omega-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress along with a high intensity interval training in physical education male students of Shahid Chamran University. This was a quasi-experimental and applied research. Subjects and Methods: For this purpose, from among the male students of physical education, 30 persons with the age range of 22. 18± 1. 67 yr were placed in the three groups (control, vitamin E and omega-3). The intervention groups received the supplement for two weeks (1. Vitamin E group one capsule daily containing 400 units of vitamin E, 2. Omega-3 group three capsules of 1000 mg omega-3 daily, 3. Placebo group (one capsule daily containing 8 mg of starch). Blood samples were taken to measure Malondialdehyde, and the catalase enzyme was taken from the subjects before taking the supplement, after completing the supplementation period, and immediately after the a high intensity interval training test. Statistical analysis of covariance was performed by repeated measures for within-group changes and covariance analysis was used to examine between-groups changes. Results: The results showed that supplementation with vitamin E and omega-3 caused a non-significant reduction in the amount of Malondialdehyde and non-significant increase in the amount of catalase enzyme (P≥ 0. 05). Conclusion: As a result, the consumption of vitamin E and omega-3 supplements are not effective in cope with oxidative stress following high intensity interval training I active boys.

Background and Objective: High risk genotypes of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) induce proliferative changes in prostate epithelium that result prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the association of HPV infection with prostate cancer using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques among patients in Ahvaz hospitals. Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 50 paraffin embedded and formalin fixed prostate tissues were collected from the archive of pathology laboratories, Ahvaz Hospitals in 2019. A total of 25 tissues with diagnosis of prostate cancer and 25 tissues with benign prostatic hyperplasia (controls) were selected. HPV detection was performed by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and PCR methods. Results: HPV E7 oncoprotein was positively expressed in 4/25 (16%) prostate cancer specimens by IHC. HPV L1 gene was identified in 4/25 (16%) prostate cancer samples by PCR. Also, HPV16 E7 gene was detected in the same cancer specimens. Correlation between HPV infection and prostate cancer was significant (P = 0. 03). Conclusions: According to these results, HPV16 infection plays an important role in prostate cancer development among prostate cancer patients in Ahvaz hospitals. Furthermore, IHC method can be used for the detection of HPV oncoproteins in prostate cancer patients and this technique is as an alternative method for PCR.

Background and Objective: Transdermal permeability refers to the delivery of medication to the body through the skin for local or systemic treatment. Transdermal drug delivery systems do not have liver first pass effect and gastrointestinal adverse reactions. The use of chemical penetration enhancers and physical absorption systems are obsolete because there are expensive and skin structure. New outlooks are directed towards the use of novel drug delivery systems. Nano-carriers is one of the most important new technologies in the field of novel drug delivery. Nanoparticle formulations have about 10 to 100 nanometers size. Smaller particles are absorbing more easily form the skin surface. Method: In the present study, we review previous studies on the use of nano technology in transdermal drug delivery systems and discuss the mechanisms governing their capacity to improve their transdermal permeability. Conclusion: Different nano technological settings and formulations promote variable degrees of skin permeation. The ability to increase the permeability of therapeutic drugs depend on their characteristics, the physicochemical characteristics of the drugs, and the chosen therapeutic goals.

Background and Objectie: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the most common cause of acute thrombocytopenia in children, which usually occurs following common viral infections and rarely lead to severe and life-threatening bleeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic characteristics and the incidence of ITP among children admitted to Ahwaz Shafa Hospital from 2010 to 2018. Subjects and Methods: The present study is a descriptive retrospective epidemiological study. The files of ITP patients admitted to Ahvaz Shafa Hospital from 2010 to 2018 were reviewed. Necessary information was collected including age, sex, acute or chronic form of ITP and incidence and the season of occurrence. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The medical records of 5128 cases related to patients admitted to Ahvaz Shafa Hospital due to hematological problems were reviewed, of which 997 patients were diagnosed with ITP (19. 44%). Out of 997 patients with ITP, 446 (44. 7%) were girls and 551 (55. 3%) were boys. 790 patients (79. 23%) were less than 7 years old. 898 patients (90. 1%) had acute ITP and 99 patients (9. 9%) had chronic ITP. 275 patients (27. 6%) were infected in Spring, 206 patients (20. 7%) in Summer, 269 patients (27%) in Autumn and 247 patients (24. 8%) in Winter. Conclusion: The highest incidence of ITP among patients admitted to Ahvaz Shafa Hospital were age under 7 yr, male acute disease and the highest prevalence was in Spring.