Journal of Inflammatory Diseases
Year:2019 | Volume:23 | Issue:4 (105) |Papers Count:10

Background Growth/differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress responsive cytokine linked to obesity, cardiovascular disease and inflammation. Exercise can be a transient physiological stress in whole-body energy metabolism. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the glucose, insulin and GDF-15 serum responses to acute effects of two intermittent and continuous exercises in sedentary obese males. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, eight inactive men (Mean± SD age, 25. 75± 2. 37 years, body mass index: 31. 96± 3. 03 kg/m ) were asked to perform two types of high-intensity intermittent activity (HIIT, 6×1-min running with 85% VO2 max intensity and 4-min rest with 60% VO2 max intensity between sets) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MIT, 30-min running with 65% VO2 max intensity) in a crossover and randomly designed protocol along with control session. 2 Findings GDF-15 serum level exercise significantly increased after HIIT and MIT exercises compared to the control (P<0. 001) and after 24 h, no significant difference was seen between the results of two groups (P>0. 62). Serum glucose level significantly decreased after both HIIT and MIT protocols compared to the controls (P<0. 001), but no significant differences were observed in insulin serum levels between protocols (P>0. 13). Conclusion Exercise can increase plasma GDF-15 level and improve glucose metabolism in inactive obese males.

Background Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most prevalent knee disorders. In fact, one in four patients with knee disorders suffers from this syndrome. Objective The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of 8-week exercise therapy with and without Kinesio taping on the pain and vastus medialis oblique/vastus lateralis (VMO/VL) electrical activity ratio in women with PFPS. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 45 women with PFPS were participated. They were randomly divided into three groups of exercise therapy, exercise therapy with Kinesio taping, and control. Their pain and muscle activity were evaluated by visual analogue scale and surface electromyography, respectively before and after treatment. Paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were performed for statistical analysis. Findings The results reported a significantly reduced pain and improved VMO/VL muscle electrical activity ratio in both experimental groups (P<0. 05) but there was no statistically significant difference between both groups in reducing pain (P˃ 0. 05). Moreover, more reduction in onset delay of the electrical activity of VMO relative to the VL was observed in the group that performed exercises with using Kinesio tapes (P<0. 05). Conclusion Kinesio taping as an effective complement to exercise therapy is recommended for the improvement of patients with PFPS.

Background Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems in older women. Objective The purpose of study is to evaluate certain physical fitness factors affecting on falling of elderly women with knee osteoarthritis following Tai Chi exercise and glucosamine supplementation. Methods In this semi-experimental study, 90 elderly women with knee osteoarthritis were chosen randomly with pre-test, post-test design from Qazvin city in 2016, whose arthritis were homogeneous with the Kellgren and Lawrence scale. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups. The 1 experimental group performed three times a week Tai Chi for three months, the 2 st experimental group consumed glucosamine supplement three times a week. The control group received no special intervention. To compare the differences between groups used paired t-test and analysis of variance. nd Findings T-test showed only Tai Chi exercise significantly improved the dynamic balance, lower limb strength, and flexibility, before and after intervention (P=0. 001). The differences between three groups, by using Multivariate analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test, the only difference between exercise and control groups was statistically significant in dynamic balance (P=0. 001; F=12. 19), lower limb strength (P=0. 006; F=5. 65) and flexibility (P=0. 04; F=3. 45). Conclusion Tai Chi exercise significantly decreased postural sway and improved physical fitness in elderly woman with knee osteoarthritis.

Background Happiness is usually accompanied with increases in life satisfaction, physical and mental health, quality of life and successful aging. Objective The present study was aimed to determine the relationship between social support and happiness among older people in Qazvin, Iran. Methods In this descriptive-cross sectional, 312 older people residing in Qazvin city who selected by cluster sampling method were entered in the study. Oxford Happiness and Zimet’ s Perceived Social Support questionnaire were used for data collection. Pearson, Spearman, t-test, and ANOVA were used for analyzing the data. Findings The results of the current study showed that the younger elders (P=0. 019, r=-0. 132), higher economic status (P=0. 014, r=0. 139), having the personal home (P=0. 047, r=0. 112), fewer number of physical disorders (P=0. 001, r=-0. 180) and increased social support (P=0. 010, r=0. 160) were associated with higher happiness. However, it was not observed a statistically significant difference on happiness between women and men older adults (P=0. 398). Conclusion According to the results of this study, happiness among older people can be significantly increased by increasing economic status, promoting physical health and strengthening of social support.

Background Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common psychosomatic disorder linked to menstruation in women at gestational age and can lead to absence from work and academic failure. Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of PMS, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and associated factors among the female high school students. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was carried using randomized classification method on 368 female high school students in Shoushtar, Iran in 2016. Data were collected by a demographic form and Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool. Collected data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Chi-squared test, binomial test, Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation test at a significance level of P<0. 05. Findings The Mean± SD age of participants was 16. 3± 0. 87 years. The prevalence of PMS in students was 53. 5% and for PMDD was 12. 22 %. The most prevalent symptoms were mood, behavioral and physical symptoms. The frequency of PMS was higher in students with a positive family history. Conclusion The prevalence of PMS in high school female students was relatively high. Since this problem can interfere with one's personal, social and academic activities, an educational program at schools and informing students in this regard can be helpful and effective in promoting the health and young girls.

Background Nowadays, the consumption of probiotic food products has become common. Since the consumption of some dairy products is not allowed for some people, there is a need for some alternative foods. Fruits are suitable for the production of probiotic drinks due to the lack of any adverse effects. Objective This study was aimed to investigate the chemical and sensory properties and the survival of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) bacteria in peach juice. Methods This experimental study was conducted in Food Safety Laboratory of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in autumn 2018. The peach juice samples were prepared from San Inch Company in Iran and kept in refrigerator to be used for the inoculation of L. plantarum. On days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10, the survival of this bacterium, and changes in its pH and acidity were measured in two test and control groups. At the 10th day, the samples underwent evaluation. Data were analyzed in SPSS V. 23 software using independent t-test and ANOVA at the significant level of P<0. 05. Findings After 10 days, the number of L. plantarum was reduced from 8. 7 to 8. 4 log cycles. With the increase of storage time, pH value significantly decreased and acidity increased (P<0. 05). The sensory properties of the probiotic product were not significantly different from that of non-probiotic product and were acceptable for the consumer (P>0. 05). Conclusion L. plantarum has a good shelf life in peach juice. Therefore, it can be concluded that peach juice is a suitable product for producing probiotic juice by adding L. plantarum.

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) accounts for 80-90% of hospital-acquired pneumonia cases in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). VAP occurs 48-72 hours after intubation, and is observed in 27-29% of patients with endotracheal tube, and its risk increases with the increase in the duration of mechanical ventilation. In this review study, papers published from 1996-2018 were used to investigate strategies for preventing VAP in ICU patients. For this purpose, English articles with full text available on ProQuest, SID, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus databases were searched online using the keywords related to VAP and chest physiotherapy used in the title or abstract. A total of 50 articles (from 10 different countries) covering both qualitative and quantitative studies in Persian and English conducted the last 19 years (since 1999) were selected. Those which were not a review/research paper and their full text were unavailable were excluded from the review. Among nosocomial infections, VAP is the most common cause of death, and the leading cause of death in ICUs. Physical strategies with a significant effect on the reduction of VAP included: Orotracheal intubation, closed endotracheal suctioning, use of humidifier and moisturizer, and chest physiotherapy. Effective positional strategies were: the use of kinetic beds, semi-recumbent position (45 degrees), and prone position. Effective medication strategy is the use of topical and intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome consisting of tachypnea, refractory hypoxemia, and diffuse opacities on chest radiographs after infection or trauma which ultimately leads to respiratory failure. The principles of treatment are based on patient care in ICU, mechanical ventilation and medical treatments. By using lower plateau, less tidal volume, higher positive end-expiratory pressure, fluid restriction, treatment of infections and avoiding any high-dose steroids can improve the survival of these patients. In this paper, we present a case of ARDS in a patient with suspected influenza.