MEDICAL JOURNAL OF MASHHAD UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Year:2019 | Volume:62 | Issue:4 |Papers Count:11

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death and disability in the world. According to the World Health Organization by 2020 the morbidity of these diseases in women and men respectively increase by 120 and 137 percent. More than 50% of the factors affecting heart disease are mental factors. On the other hand, these factors can have a detrimental effect on patients hope. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the hope of cardiovascular patients, was conducted using face to face training. Materials and Methods: This study was a comparative and quasiexperimental study. Individuals selected by convenience sampling and a total of 50 patients were enrolled. Data were collected using Schneider Hope Questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS 16 software using t-test, regression and chi-square tests. Results: Mean and standard deviation of participants before and after training were 37. 36 ± 10. 22 and 45. 94 ± 7. 87, respectively. After analyzing the data, a statistically significant difference between the scores of hopeful patients before and after training was observed (p<0. 001). Conclusion: Face-to-face training by a nurse can increase hope in cardiovascular patients. Therefore, this intervention can be used to promote life expectancy in people with cardiovascular diseases.

Introduction: Due to the rapid growth of science and the increasing number of articles that have led to increased research misconduct, the purpose of this study was to design a comprehensive questionnaire about research misconduct. Materials and Methods: After searching and finding relevant studies, using available questionnaires and various studies, and contacting the corresponding authors of the articles, questions database were designed. Based on the expert opinion panels, the questions were selected from the database in each field and then the face validity, content validity and reliability of the questionnaire were examined. Results: The final questionnaire was approved with 75 questions in three areas. The content and structure validity and the importance of each question was presented separately and was acceptable. The reliability of the tool was calculated with Cronbach's alpha, which was 0. 77, which indicates the acceptable reliability of the questionnaire. Conclusion: Considering the comprehensiveness, acceptable validity and reliability of this tool, this tool is recommended for future studies.

Introduction: This study is a clinical trial with trial ID 4N20171228038109, which aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of paroxetine on social anxiety disorder. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this study included all those referring to psychiatric services and private psychiatric offices diagnosed with social anxiety disorder in Mashhad city during the years 1396-96 in Specialized Psychological Center. In the current study, 24 of these patients were selected by purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to the groups. Research variables were measured by Spin Social Anxiety Inventory (2000), Beck Depression Inventory, World Health Organization Short Form Quality of Life Scale (1989), and Wilson & Rappi (2005) Social Negative Events Consequences. And evaluated 3 months after drug treatment with paroxetine. Results: Statistical analysis of current research data using repeated measures ANOVA showed that in general, paroxetine was significantly (p <0. 05) effective on the dependent variables. Conclusion: Paroxetine was significantly effective in the post-test phase on most of the components of the dependent variables and was not statistically significant in the follow-up phase. The control group also showed no significant difference in the three stages of the test.

Background and objective: Pain is one of the most important postoperative complaints of patients, which can be caused by the inflammation of the surgical site. Chemical and herbal (e. g. evening primrose) analgesics can be used to mitigate the pain. Evening primrose has such properties as anti-inflammatory impact, amendment of deficient essential omega-6 fatty acids, improved synthesis of vasodilator eicosanoids, enhancement of blood flow in the nerves, etc., which can also be useful in the treatment of inflammation-induced pain. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of evening primrose on the reduction of post-appendectomy inflammation and pain. Materials and methods: This study was a double-blind clinical trial performed on 80 patients with pain at the surgical site after appendectomy at the Shahid Beheshti Emdad Hospital in Sabzevar. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 40 individuals. Following full recovery and onset of pain, each of the intervention and control groups received one evening primrose and placebo capsules, respectively, 3 times every 30 min. The symptoms were then assessed using a visual pain scale and the McGill pain questionnaire. Results: The results of this study showed that the use of evening primrose capsule could reduce the examined postoperative pain (p < 0. 000). Conclusion: Considering the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of evening primrose capsule, the use of this herbal drug is recommended for the treatment of postoperative pain instead of using non-steroidal analgesics with digestive complications. Keywords: Evening primrose, pain, placebo.

Introduction: Emotional intelligence is now considered as a new subject in the field of psychology. Studies done in this field illustrate the role of emotional intelligence and its components in various aspects of human life, such as academic performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence education on academic performance and emotional intelligence in Shadegan's fifth grade male students. Method: In order to do this, 50 male students of the fifth grade boy were randomly selected by random sampling method in Shadegan city. After initial screening, 40 subjects were randomly assigned (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). Control group). The students' load-It and Parker emotional intelligence benefit log was completed as a pre-test and post-test. Then, the experimental group received 10 minutes of emotional intelligence instruction and the control group did not receive any intervention. After the end of the training period, the experimental group and the control group were re-evaluated. Data were analyzed by SPSS18 software at ᵅ =0. 05. Results: The results of multivariate covariance analysis indicated that emotional intelligence education increased academic performance and emotional intelligence among students (P <0. 01). Conclusion: The results showed that emotional intelligence education increased the academic performance and emotional intelligence of mentally retarded boy students.

Introduction: Defensive medicine is any medical or medical examination that is primarily performed to protect the physician against negligent allegations or complaints referred to as medical errors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the experience and causes of defensive medicine from the viewpoint of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed among 25 clinical specialists of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 1977. Data collection tool is a questionnaire. Questionnaire data were collected in SPSS software version 21 and analyzed by descriptive statistics and descriptive statistics, Friedman test with a significance level of 0. 05. Results: The specialists in this study had a defensive medical score of 42. 20 average 87. 6. According to the results, the rate of defensive medicine in women was higher than that of men, in married physicians than single physicians, in physicians with no liability insurance, but none of these differences were statistically significant (p> 0. 05). Conclusion: The results show that defensive medicine is relatively high among physicians of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. The most important cause of this phenomenon is lack of risk taking and low selfconfidence of physicians. In this regard, it is recommended that physicians be educated on how to tackle this phenomenon and guide it to its positive dimensions, while reducing it by very simple measures.

Introduction: Theoretical Foundations efffferthe role of endurance training and adaptation to aerobic exercises in significantly reducing the renal oxidative stress. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of endurance training and methylphenidate on histopathologic changes in kidney tissues of male Wistar rats with ADHD. Materials and Methods: The research method was Experimental. The subjects were 40 Wistar rats aged 4 to 6 weeks. They were randomly divided into two groups of control (7 heads and L-NAME): L-NAME injection at 8-12 weeks of age, they were divided into 5 groups of blood sampling and 4 groups of 7, including ADHD, ADHD + endurance training, ADHD + methypheniditis, ADHD + Endurance training + Methypheniditis. From the Open Field test for over-active detection, 5-band treadmill was used for endurance training. One-way analysis of variance and Wilcoxon analysis were used. SPSS software version 24 was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that endurance chewing group had normal and non-irregular or incompatible ADHD group. Glomeruli, although having regular numbers and intervals, but few have diminished and abnormal size. Bowman capsule and urine atmosphere have normal characteristics and there are no irregularities or inappropriate size. Complex distal tubes and proximal complexions also show neat microscopic specs. There is no evidence of hyperemia or increased inflammatory cells in the tissue. The training group along with the use of methylphenidate were similar to the endurance training group. Conclusion: Endurance training seems to be a substitute for methylphenidate in relation to structural changes in kidney tissue in male Wistar rats with ADHD.

Introduction: Studies have shown that people's health can change as a result of people's work relationships and work-related stress, especially when the psychological field of people involved is affected. The purpose of this study was to Relationship between Stress and Job Burnout on Mental Health of Staffs in Tehran Province’ s Sport and Youth. Methodology: The research method was descriptive correlation. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all staffs of sport and youth departments of Tehran province. A randomized multistage cluster sampling method was used to select 286 people as the sample of the study. The instrument was a standard questionnaire including job stress, job burnout and mental health. The formal and content validity of it was confirmed by 20 experts and its validity was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was also calculated in a preliminary study with 30 subjects and with Cronbach's alpha of 0. 85. Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the data using SPSS 22 software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between burnout and job stress with mental health (P≤ 0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that by focusing on the factors that cause stress and job burnout of employees, it is possible to create conditions where employees can continue their activities with less stress and thus less physical, mental and emotional burnout in the organization. Improves mental health. Sport Managers focus on human resource training and improvement that will ultimately improve the performance of organizations.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Positive Psychology training and cognitive self-efficacy, burnout and academic self-regulation in students. Materials & Methods: The method of this study was quasi-experimental with two experimental design nodes and control group. The statistical population consisted of the students of Islamic Azad University of Arak in the academic year 97-98. 45 students were selected using available sampling method and were randomly assigned into three experimental and control groups (15 students in each group). Participants completed the Miguel et al. 's (2000), Burns et al. 's (1997) academic self-efficacy questionnaires, and Bufard's (1995) academic self-regulation questionnaires. The hypotheses were tested by multivariate analysis of covariance and one-way analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that in the educational self-efficacy variable, positive psychology training and then cognitive self-compassion were respectively effective. In academic burnout variable, cognitive selfcompassion training and positive psychology were respectively effective. Positive psychology and then cognitive self-compassion were respectively effective on academic self-regulation. Conclusion: Positive psychology training and cognitive self-compassion promote academic self-efficacy and self-regulation as well as decrease academic burnout.

Introduction: Sleep is one of our most important physical needs and also necessary for maintaining health. Sleeping is considered a healing mechanism that aids in rebuilding a person's physical and mental well-being. Thus this study was conducted to determine the factors impairing the quality of sleep in the patients hospitalized in Jahrom in 2018. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 131 patients hospitalized in designated wards at the time of gathering the information using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. The data gathered were then put into SPSS software version 21 and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Results showed 74. 8% of patients in the study had poor sleep and men’ s quality of sleep on average had a lower and better score than women. Among the demographical variables that determine the quality of sleep, gender and employment status had a direct relation with the quality of sleep in the patients (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The general quality of sleep in most of the patients was low with women having it worse than men. Thus, nurses and the rest of the medical team in hospitals must pay more attention to patients’ wellbeing during sleep and the factors impairing patients’ quality of sleep must be dealt with by proper intervention.

Introduction: Attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder has adverse effects on the individual and the community. Third-wave cognitivebehavioral therapies are promising therapies for this type of disorder. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) with acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on quality of life and to reduce the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental and pre-testpost-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of Azad University of Zanjan in the academic year of 1969-98. The sample size consisted of 45 persons who were selected by available sampling in two groups of experimental and one control group (15 in each group). The DBT group was interviewed at 12 sessions and the ACT group, while the control group did not receive any treatment. The research tools were self-reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ASRS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, which were conducted in pre-test and post-test phases. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. For analyzing the data at the inferior level of T-amines, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and LSD post hoc test, for comparing the efficacy of the treatments. Data were analyzed in SPSS-25. Results: The results of both ACT and DBT treatments on ADHD and quality of life were more effective than control group. In the follow up phase, the LSD test showed that DBT was more effective than ACT in reducing impulsivity / hyperactive symptoms (P <0. 002) and attention deficit (P <0. 001). Comparison of these two treatments on quality of life was found in the components of overall quality of life (P <0. 008), mental health (P <0. 001), quality of life (p <0. 000) and environmental quality of life (P<0/000) ACT has a more favorable efficacy than DBT. While they have had the same effect on the subscale of social life quality. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that DBT is better for ADHD and ACT symptoms of quality of life, so in clinical centers, these treatments can be used to control impulsivity, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and improve quality of life.