Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Year:2003 | Volume:10 | Issue:1|Papers Count:11

A two-year longitudinal study was conducted in 1996. The data are related to a cohort of 317 healthy neonates (164 girls and 153 boys) randomly selected in June 1996 from the city of Shiraz followed from birth to two years of age. Firstly, logistic regression model and HRY (Healy- Rasbash- Yang) method were A used on ten selected milestones separately. Secondly, we used an auto-regressive multivariate multilevel model to account for the serial correlation between milestones. Selected centiles were calculated from estimated age of reaching to milestones. Gender, as a predictor, did not show any significant effect. In comparison to Denver children, Shiraz children attained the skills late.

In this research we evaluated the calcium channel antagonist activity of various diester analogues of nifedipine on rat ileal smooth muscle. In these analogues, the orthophenyl group at position 4 was replaced by 1 methyl 2-meythylsulfonyl or methylthio 5- imidazolyl. Wistar rats (180-250g) were killed by a blow to the head. The intestine was removed above the ileucecal junction and longitudinal smooth muscle segments of 2cm length were maintained at 37°C in a 10 ml jacket organ bath containing oxygenated intestinal krebs solution. The contractions were recorded with a force displacement transducer connected to a physiographic. The contraction was elicited with 80 mmol KCL. Test compounds were cumulatively added to produce 50% relaxation of contracted ileal smooth muscle (IC50) that was determined from the concentration response trace recorded by physiograph. The IC50 ofnifedipine was (1.26±0.37) x 10-9 and of compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 was (2.57±0.28) x 10-5, (1.03±0.12) X 10-5, (2.55±0.50) X 10-6 (1.32±0.18) X 10-9,  (3.16±0.89) X 10-6 and (1.04±0.29) x 10-7 mole respectively. The results indicate that replacement of 2- nitrophenyl at C4 position of nifedipine with methylthio or methyl solfunyl imidazolyl reduces the activity. The comparison of the activities of symetrical esters (compounds No 3 & 6) indicates that increasing the length of methylen chain in C3 and C5 esters substituent. decreases the activity. Comparison of the activities of asymmetrical esters (compounds No 4 & 5) indicates that, when at C3 there is a small substituent, increasing the length of methylen chain increases activity. Comparison of the activites of symetrical esters (compounds 2 and 3) with asymetrical esters (compounds 1, 4, 5 and 6) indicates that asymetrical esters are not al-rvays more potent than symmetrical esters. Compound 4 was the most potent new compound in this study. Finally we can conclude that nifedipine was significantly more potent than all of these compounds.

In a chart review 31 traumatic knee dislocations were identified in 30 patients during an eight year period (1992-2000). Fifteen dislocations (48.4%) were posterior, seven anterior, eight occult and one medial. Out of the five cases of vascular injuries three happened with posterior dislocations and in four patients associated ipsilateral limb injuries were present. The general incidence of simultaneous limb injury was 54.8% (17 cases). Two knees with vascular injury required amputation. All vascular compromised limbs had impaired distal pulsation.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 382 patients with depressed skull fracture admitted to the neurosurgery ward of Kerman Bahonar Hospital between 1994 and 1999.329 of the patients (86.1%) had open fractures, while the fracture was of closed type in 53 cases (13.9%). Of those with open fracture, 42% were associated with dura tearing, whereas the rate was 34% in closed fractures. The most common causes of depressed fracture were accidents with motor vehicles (59.4%). In most cases (77%) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission was 13-15. There was no associated lesion in 247 patients (64.7%), but 135 (35.3%) had one or more lesions, with contusion (34%) and epidural hematoma (23.7%) as the most common ones. In cases when the fracture was caused by motor vehicle accidents, the occurrence of clinical manifestations was more than that of the other causes. Of 15 patients who died (3.9%) 14 ases (93.3%) had associated lesions.

Chronic urticaria is a prolonged disease with unknown etiology and management. In order to determine the association of Helicobacter pylori (Hpylori) infection with chronic urticaria, a case-control study was carried out. In this regard 95 chronic urticaria patients without any underlying etiology and 190 healthy individuals who were matched for age and sex were evaluated by anti-Hpylori IgG detection. In patients group 68 (71.6%) were female, 27(28.4%) male, and in control group 136 were female and 54 male. The mean age of patients group was 32.4±15.7 years and in control group it was 31.9±14.8 years (P>0.05). The average duration for chronic urticaria was 22.7 months. Among other findings in patients group were It asthma (13.7%), allergic rhinitis (16.8%), angioedema (43.2%) and gastrointestinal (GI) complaints (62.1%). Anti - Hpylori antibody was detected in 71 (74.7%) of patients and in 96 (50.5%) of healthy persons with a significant difference (P<0.001). There was a significant difference for Hpylori infection in 20-50 years age class inpatients group (P<0.01), but the relation between duration of urticaria , angioedema, and GI complaints with Hpylori infection was no significant (P>0.05). According to these results Hpylori infection is more frequent in chronic idiopathic urticaria patients than in healthy subjects. however to clarify its etiopathogenesis it is essential to implement more basic research and therapeutic trials.

Traumatic spinal cord injury is one of the important causes of disability. In some of vertebral fractures, spinal canal is deformed and compromised. The relationship between the shape of the cervical canal and spinal cord injury has been proved but such a correlation for thoracolumbar spine has not been documented yet. Thus, 100 consecutive patients with traumatic fracture of thoracolumbar spine [50 patients with compromised canal (cases) and 50 patients with intact canal] were evaluated in the light of spinal canal shape (using CT scan), neurological defects (using Frankle classification), mechanism of trauma and level of the spinal fracture of the 100 patients studied, 23 had spinal cord injury and most of injuries were at T12-L2-The most common mechanisms of trauma were road traffic accident and fall. The difference in age, sex and mechanism of trauma between the two groups was not statistically significant.No significant difference was found between canal intact group and canal compromised group in neurological deficit (p=0.09) In traumatic spinal cord injury, it seems that dynamic spinal canal encroachment is more important than static canal compromise.

Miswak, is stem of Salvadora persica, which is particulary used by Moslems for tooth brushing. Cosidering the useful properties of Miswak and easy use of toothpastes, this research is airned at toothpaste formulation from Miswak extract. Toothpaste bases were formulated by use of different ingredients. Some of the formulations were selected for accelerated stability test analysis. By these studies, the best formulation was choused. This formulation contained calcium carbonate as abrasive, propylene glycol and glycerin as humectant and NaCMC as binder. In the next step, methanolic extract of Miswak was prepared by soxelet method, and then Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of this extract was determined against Streptococcus sanguis which is one of the most important agents causing dental canes. The MIC was 320 µg/ml, so 0.3% (10 fold of MIC) of extract was used in toothpaste. For evolution of antimicrobial effect, the medical toothpaste were compared against toothpaste base, tetracycline and ampicilin disc in Disc Diffusion method. Results showed that there were significant differences between medical toothpaste and toothpaste base, and that medical toothpaste was as effective as ampicilin but less effective than tetracycline.

Herpes simplex virus infection is almost universal This- virus has two types: HSV1 and HSV2 infect about 500/000 persons annually in the United States, and its prevalence rate has increased during the past decade. Usually HSV1 spreads through kissing or casual contact and HSV2 through sexual intercourses. HSV1 is more frequently associated with oral infection and HSV2 can cause recurrent genital ulcers. No data is available about HSV2 prevalence in Iran. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HSV2 antibodies in blood of donors in Kerman city during 2002. Data were collected in-a cross-sectional study in 966 serum samples. In this study the population was examined for oro-facial and genital herpes. In this survey age, sex, job, education, marital status, family history of oro-facial and genital herpes of the population were considered. Antibody (IgG) of HSV2 was assessed by using ELISA in this study. About 2.7% of the population were seropositive for HSV2 (2.8% were male and 2.6% were female). None of hem have had clinical genital herpes during examination but about 1.1% (11 of 966) of them have had previous history of clinical genital herpes. The population has been examined for HIVAb, HBSAb, and HCVAb, and the results were also negative. The prevalence of HSV2 had a significant trend of increasing with increase in age.

Hydatid cyst disease is a zoonotic infection. In human beings it apears as cystic lesions in different organs and the most common form is hydatid cyst of liver. One of the rare sites of the disease is salivary gland, which appears as a neck mass. Therefore, when observing cystic lesion in salivary glands, hydatid cyst should be considered and for confirmation of diagnosis pecialparaclinic techniques must be used and with suitable therapeutic plan, the disease, should be treated to prevent the possible complications and recurrence. We present a parotid hydatid cyst in a 15 year old man.