Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences
Year:2014 | Volume:16 | Issue:1|Papers Count:17

Background and aims: Sexual dissatisfaction is one of the common problems in patients of Substance dependency. The aim of this study was to investigate psychosexual problems in marital relationships in substance dependence patients: Crack, Cristal and Opium and compare with control group.Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 56 substance dependences referred to addiction treatment center were selected by convenience sampling and assigned to four groups: 20 Opium consumers, 18 on Crack, 18 on Cristal and 20 patients in control group. The Multidimensional Sexuality Questionnaires (MSQ) were completed by participants.Results: Based on subscales of Multidimensional Sexuality Questionnaire, a significant difference was observed in score mean among three groups and between experimental groups and control group in sexual subscales: preoccupation, motivation, assertiveness, depression, monitoring power of other sex, sexual control, external supervision, fear of sexual relationship and satisfaction (P<0.05). Differences between (Cristal and Crack) and (Opium and Cristal in sexual subscales: preoccupation, motivation, fear, depression, power-other sexual control, supervision, and fear of sexual relationship and satisfaction were significant (P<0.05). Score mean indicated that the Cristal abusers in all of subscales have higher scores mean than Crack, and Opium.Conclusion: According to the results of current study, the available addicting substance in the market affects the consumer's sexual practices, and will be caused deleterious effects on family and marital sexual health.

Background and aims: In the majority of sensitive occupations, such as nuclear, military, chemical, etc, closed circuit systems and visual displays terminals (VDTs) are used to control and monitor sensitive processes. Visual fatigue is one of the factors that decreases operators’ precision and awareness and makes the reception of visual data from VDT erroneous. This study was aimed to exanimate the association of visual fatigue symptoms with flicker value changes in video display terminals operators.Methods: This cross-sectional study in 248 operators of VDTs in several occupations was conducted in 2011. The instruments that have been used in this study were a visual fatigue questionnaire of VDTs and a VFM-90.1 device. Visual fatigue was measured in two stages (prior to beginning to work and 60 min later). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, simple and multiple linear regressions.Results: Paired t-test indicated significant differences in the mean score of visual fatigue symptoms and the mean score of flicker value between two stages respectively (P<0.001).Simple and multiple regressions were obtained for the last visual fatigue changes in questionnaire score (R2=0.853) and the four main domains of the questionnaire (R2=0.851).Correlation coefficient in the above testes indicated on inverse and significant association of flicker value changes with changes in questionnaire score and visual fatigue symptoms.Conclusion: diagnosing the first symptoms of visual fatigue could be an appropriate warning for VDTs operators in sensitive occupations to react suitably, in behavior and management, to control or treat visual fatigue and prevent errors efficiently.

Background and aims: VHH (Nanobody) is a camel antibody and is the smallest unit binding to antigen. The small size of nanobodies is the greatest advantage that makes easy genetic manipulation of them. The main aim of this study was construction of a single domain antibody library from camel immunized with human breast adenocarcinoma-SKBR3 cell line.Methods: At first, in this experimental study, SKBR3 cell extract was subcutaneously injected to a camel in three rounds. Then, total RNA was extracted from spleen of camel and VHH fragments synthesized and amplified using RT-PCR method. The VHH fragments were inserted into Pcomb3X phagemid and recombinant constructs were electroporated into DH5α bacteria.Diversity of provided library was studied by enzymatic fingerprinting techniques. Finally, VHH expression was analyzed by SDS-PAGE.Results: In this study, a camel antibody library with 105 colonies was constructed. Also, the enzymatic fingerprinting showed a high diversity in this antibody library. Primary studies by SDS-PAGE showed that VHH protein with a molecular weight of 15 kDa is expressed in transformant bacteria.Conclusion: Providing an immune antibody library against SKBR3 cell line makes an option for isolation of specific VHH antibodies against different breast cancer antigens.

Background and aims: One of the most important environmental problems is excessive production and management of municipal solid waste materials. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is considered as an important strategy to minimize negative impacts. The aim of this study was the use of the EIA process to minimize environmental impacts of Shahrekord landfill and to provide appropriate options for managers and planners.Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed to assess environmental impacts of Shahrekord solid waste landfill using two methods, rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM) and Iranian matrix based on field observation and data collection. Comparing was included four existing options including: continue the current landfill practices, upgrade landfill, construct a new sanitary landfill and compost and recycle plant.Results: The score of continuing current practices at RIAM and the Iranian Matrix was -1443 and -3.9, respectively. Composting and recycling plant has -816 score in the RIAM and 1 in Iranian matrix. Moreover, the results of two methods were displayed different in priority for upgrade landfill and construction a new landfill.Conclusion: Based on both methods to continue landfill with current practices is accompanied by severe damage in terms of environmental and health position. Composting and recycling plant is the first priority for Shahrekord.

Background and aims: There is little information about the association between metabolic syndrome and colorectal cancer risk. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate a comparison between colorectal lesions in patients with and without metabolic syndrome.Method: This study descriptive- analytic study was performed among 114 patients in 50 years and higher referred to clinic of Isfahan Shariati hospital. After their experiments were taken, patients divided in two groups with or without metabolic syndrome, and for both groups, colonoscopy was done. According to the existence or lack of polyp and then due to andenoma polyp with advanced pathology, andenoma polyp without advanced pathology, patients divided and compared in two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and K2 test.Results: Of 119 cases studied from these persons, 45.6% was suffering from metabolic syndrome, which 42.2% of these patients was observed andenoma, and 63.6% andenoma polyps with advanced pathology. Only, 12.9% of patients without metabolic syndrome were observed andenoma polyps, which 25% of these numbers was advanced pathology polyps. The prevalence of andenoma in males (%41.5) was more than females (%17.5) (p<0.05).Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, it may be persons who have metabolic syndrome and they have more preparation to detect neoplastic lesions. So, colonoscopy in lower age in this group with risk factor is offered in order to screening and prevention from malignant colorectal lesions.

Background and aims: Cardiovascular diseases are considered as one of threats to human health, especially, in patients with mental retardation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of twelve-week regular aerobic exercises on serum levels of lipid profile, aerobic power and body composition indices in non- athletics women with mental retardation.Methods: In this clinical trial study, twenty-two women with mental retardation by age mean 23.38±0.50 yr, height 161±4.6cm, weight 61.15±6.73kg, BMI 25.68±4.19 kg/m2 and IQ 50 to 75 percent were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly divided into two homogenized groups, experimental group (10 people) and control groups (12 people).Homogenized groups were participated into the aerobic training for 12 weeks, with 60-80 percent of heart rate reserve maximum (%HRR max). Variables in two groups were compared in two processes before and after the training period.Results: The average differences were significantly in WHR, body fat percent, TG, Cholesterol, HDL-C and Vo2max in two groups (P<0.05). The average of WHR, body fat, HDL-C showed a significant difference in between groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: According to these results, aerobic exercise can lead to the changes in lipoproteins metabolism and can reduce cardiovascular disease in women with mental retardation.

Background and aims: With the industrialization of the nanotechnology, public exposure to nanoparticles will increase in the near future. So, health impacts of nanoparticles have rarely been studied. The main aim of this study was to assess acute toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on serum biochemical function of liver in mice (Mus musculus).Methods: In this experimental study, a group of 18 BALB/c mice was randomly divided into three groups: two ZnO-NPs mice groups and one control group. The first day of the experiment, ZnO-NPs were received orally in acute doses of 0.05 g/ml and 0.1g/ml in the experimental groups, while in the untreated (control) group, no ZnO-NPs were used and they received distilled water 1 g/ml. The experiment lasted for 14 days. The serum was obtained by centrifugation of the whole blood at 3000 rpm for 15 min. Serum concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was assayed using auto analyzer system.Results: The present study showed that both doses of Zno-NPs increased significantly ALP, ALT, and AST enzymes compared with the control (P=0.01). However, LDH elevated in mice treated just with ZnO-NPs with a dose of 0.1g/ml. This showed that ZnO-NPs at acute doses could induce a severe liver damage (P=0.01).Conclusions: The current study results show that acute levels of ZnO-NPs are toxic and have harmful effects on liver function as indicated by increased levels of biochemical serum parameters of liver. Therefore, it is necessary to be cautious in the use of these nanoparticles.

Background and aims: The Colors are classified as complex toxic organic materials, which are considered as the most important pollutants from the textile wastewater. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of multi-walled carbon nanotubes use as adsorbents for the adsorption of Reactive Blue 19 from aqueous solutions and examined adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics.Methods: This experimental study was performed discontinuously and studied the effects of the different parameters including contact time, pH, mixing intensity, the initial concentration of the dye, and nanotubes dose on the dye removal of Reactive Blue 19. Experimental data were evaluated with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models for adsorption equilibrium and different isotherm models for kinetics of absorption were analyzed by comparing the total number coefficient of samples by the software.Results: The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of reactive blue 19 on multiwall carbon nanotubes was found to be 7.546 mg/gr in optimal condition. The maximum absorbance in the first 60 min was obtained 3 hrs. By increasing the adsorbent dose from 0.04 to 0.08 g on 100 ml at the initial concentration, removal randoman for Reactive Blue 19 solution 25 mg/L, the dye removal efficiency was increased from 69.3% to 89.5%. At the optimized pH 4, optimal contact time 3 hrs, the dye removal efficiency was increased from 80.5% to 89.5% while the initial concentration of color was decreased from 75 to 25 mg/L.Conclusion: Due to the small size, high surface area, regulatory network and Cristal form of unique, high reactivity, and the remarkable function of multi-wall carbon nanotubes as adsorbents for the removal of organic pollutants from water solutions, the results showed that the multi-walled carbon nanotubes are effective adsorbents for the dye removal for reactive blue 19.

Background and aims: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a common inflammatory joint disease with substantial morbidity, specially, if remained untreated. Genetics, environmental and immunologic factors have important roles in pathogenesis of disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect ofHLADRB1, its subtypes on clinical disease activity index (CDAI) and to diagnose the frequency ofHLADRB1 alleles in RA patients.Methods: In this descriptive analytic study, 64 patients with RA were selected based on ACR criteria by convenience sampling. All patients were studied to assess primary CDAI. Patients' DNA was extracted by using phenol chloroform method. Then it was assessed HLADRB1 based on (SSP- PCR) method by innotrain kits made in Germany. After preparing results of lab data, patients was examined for the second stage (6 month later) and completed questionnaires for each patient, and analyzed hypothesis of study.Results: The common HLADRB1 in patients was HLADRB1 (04) in frequency 31.3%. In patients withHLDRB1 (04), (01), (15), CDAI decreased after 6 month (p<0.05), but it was not observed in others patients significant (p>0.05).Conclusion: This study showed the multi-factorial character of RA patients may be present. It was found out that the patients withHLADRB1 (04), (01), (15) have good response to routine treatments, against the references that seemsHLADRB1 (04) have no decrease in secondary CDAI. Perhaps environmental and genetic factors affect very important in etiology. Supplementary surveys could complete and promote these results.

Background and aims: Hydatid cyst is the larval stage of the tape worm Echinococcu granulosus. Anticancer effects of some parasites have been shown. Moreover, existence of common antigens between some parasites especially hydatid cyst and cancers have been reported. So, immunological cross reaction between hydatid cyst and cancer cell antigens has been investigated in this study.Methods: In this laboratory descriptive study, different hydatid cyst antigens were prepared and antibody raised against them in rabbits. In dot immunoblotting, those antigens were probed with sera of patients with cancers (collected from Imam Hossein Hospital in Isfahan). Also, cross reaction among excretory secretory products of cancer cells and antisera raised against different hydatid cyst antigen was investigated. In order to remove carbohydrate bands of antigens, sodium periodate buffer was used.Results: Antisera raised against laminated & germinal layers of hydatid cyst reacted with excretory secretory products of cancer cells. Also, antigens of hydatid cysts reacted with cancer patients sera. Carbohydrate bands of antigens were involved in some immunological cross reactions.Conclusion: Results of this work emphasis existence of common antigens between hydatid cyst and cancers. Therefore, more study about these common antigens is recommended.

Background and aims: Tetanus toxin, the product of Clostridium tetani, is the causative agent of fatal disease tetanus. Nowadays, toxoid form of this toxin used as a vaccine against this disease. Tetanus toxin is composed of three chains: L, HN and Hc. Hc chain is immunogenic and binding domain of toxin. Owing to this fact, Hc is considered as candidate for vaccine. The aim of this study was the design and development Hc gene and its synthesis, expression and expression optimization and purification of recombinant protein as vaccine candidate.Methods: In this laboratory study, after bioinformatics study and gene optimization, the Hc chain gene was ordered to synthase and clone in pET28a vector. The integrity of Hc gene was confirmed by restriction digestion methods. Then, this construct was transformed in E.coli. Subsequently, Gene expression, recombinant protein purification was performed and this protein was confirmed by western blotting technique.Results: The Hc gene was confirmed using bioinformatics and molecular analysis. A 1356 bp band was observed in agarose gel and a 50 kDa band was detected in SDS-PAGE and nitrocellulose membrane (western blot). Recombinant protein was produced in both soluble and insoluble forms (inclusion body). These two forms of proteins were purified in high level by native and denatured methods.Conclusion: Regarding to more advantages of recombinant Hc protein to tetanus toxoid, it seems Hc protein as a suitable vaccine candidate can be replaced with tetanus toxoid vaccine.

Background and aims: Colonoscopy is an invasive method that is painful for patient especially for children. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of supermint oral drop (peppermint essence) on the patients’ pain and their satisfaction after colonoscopy.Methods: In a clinical trial study, 101 patients candidate for colonoscopy were randomly divided into two groups by convenience sampling. Control group did not receive any drug. Case group received oral drop of supermint 30 minutes before colonoscopy. A standard questionnaire was filled after colonoscopy for pain and satisfaction of the patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and t-test.Results: Mean value of pain, duration of colonoscopy in control group was 2.500+0.527 and in case group was 1.625+0.491 (P<0.05). 8% in control group and 17.6% in case group had high degree of satisfaction. Mean score of satisfaction in case group was 2.607+0.566 that was significantly compared to control group (1.833+0.389) (P<0.05). The time of colonoscopy in case group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that peppermint essence causes reduce pain and increase satisfaction in patients after the colonoscopy.

Background and aims: Ethical leadership provides commitment and loyalty in personnel. Since personnel confidences to their leadership, they won’t find occupation stress. So, they will have no serious decision to leave their organizations. The present study was aimed to diagnose the effects of ethical leadership on nurses' occupation turnover intention. Job stress was examined as a moderating variable between ethical leadership and turnover intention.Methods: This research is a descriptive- correlational study in which 180 nurses were enrolled from the nurses employed in the hospitals affiliated to Shahrekord University of Medial Sciences. The instrument of gathering data was a standard questionnaire of ethical leadership, job stress, and turnover intention. Data was analyzed using statistical tests and SPSS software.Results: The results of this study indicated that there was a negative correlation and significant relationship between ethical leadership and turnover intention, and also a positive correlation, and significant relationship between job stress and turnover intention. (P<0.05) (b=0.58) (b=0.66), respectably. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation, and a significant relationship between ethical leadership and job stress, (P<0.05) (b=-0.29).Conclusion: Ethical leadership could help nurses' job stress decrease and hence, turnover intention declines. Therefore, managers can promote ethical values and decreases job stress factors to increase nurses' trust, loyalty, and organizational commitment to prevent nurses, job turnover.

Background and aims: Hepatitis B virus is a major cause of liver inflammation with high worldwide prevalence and important complications. This study was performed to survey vaccination coverage and effective HBsAb titer in this province.Methods: In this descriptive analytic study, 3000 adults more than 15 years old were selected by cluster sampling. After receiving their written informed consent and gathering blood samples, some information about demographic status and their vaccination were gathered by questionnaire, and effective HBsAB titers were measured.Results: Mean age of individuals was 38.4±16.3. HBsAb titer mean was 70.88±162 (0-3799). 48.7% individuals had effective titration. Vaccination coverage was complete in 20% and incomplete in 2.6%.77% individuals, who were related to effective titration, were unvaccinated (P≤0.001).86% of individuals who were born after 1993-4 and 79% who were born from (1989-1992) had complete coverage with a significant difference in titration. (P≤0.001). Vaccination coverage was higher in male, unmarried persons, but it was equal in rural and urban area.Effective titration had a relationship with marriage status and residential area and it was higher in single and rural persons (P≤0.001). There was a significant relationship between time of the last vaccination reception and effective titration (P≤0.003), but there wasn't any relationship with other factors.Conclusion: It seems vaccination coverage and HBsAb titer in adolescent and young individuals is proper, but it is suggested to use of catch up program for high risk groups to increase vaccination coverage.