Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences
Year:2014 | Volume:15 | Issue:5|Papers Count:18

Background and aims: Although some studies have examined the efficacy of dietary glycemic index on blood lipids among adults, little information reported for adolescents in this regard.This study was conducted to determine the effects of low glycemic index (LGI) diet compared to healthy nutritional recommendation (HNR) based diet on lipid and apolipoproteins profiles among female adolescents with overweight and obesity.Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, fifty healthy overweight/obese adolescent girls all with the same pubertal status were randomly assigned to either LGI or HNR diet based groups. Participants in both groups consumed diets with equal macronutrient composition (53%- 56% corbohydrate, 16%-18% protein T 27%-30. fat). Biochemical variables included total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, triglyceride, apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A and lipoprotein (a) were measured once at baseline and another time at the end of the study. Baseline and endpoint values of each group were compared by paired t -test. The between groups variations were compared by independent t test in SPSS.Results: Glycemic index in LGI group was lover than 50 (42.67±0.67). Mean of body mass index in LGi group was 27.97±0.55 mm/ and it was 28.82 ± 1.01 in WNR group. Mean of the age in NHR group was significantly higher compared with LGI group. (P=0.031, 13.18±0.21 to 13.98±0.27). Biochemical variables levels were not significantly different in baseline and endpoint (P<0.05). Percentage of blood lipid index changes in LGL of HNR showed no significantly difference in: TG changes (respectively 27.90±17.20, 6.15±10.53, P=0.274, TC (5.58±4.49, -0.65±3.63, P=0.283), HDL (1.20±4.05, -1.77 ±3.07, P=0.556), LDl (4.35±4.52, -2.24±3.32, P=0.225), Apo A (-0.18±5.73, -9.37±5.19, P=0.242), Apo B (10.24±7.22, 6.73±7.40, P=0.738), Lpa (57.71±40.13, 97.18±47.24, P=0.676) between two groups.Conclusion: LGI diet had no more beneficial effect on blood lipid than HNR based diet.

Background and aim: Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) has positive effects on total cholesterol reduction and has different effects on nerves system. Thus it might affect pituitary-gonadal axis.This study aimed to test the probable effects of hydroalcoholic extract of purslane on gonadotropins, estradiol, progesterone and prolactin hormones.Methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult virgin female Vistar rats strain weighing 189±2gr were divided in five groups of eights. The control group without any drug application, the sham groups received 0.2 ml distilled water as solvent and the experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 orally received 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg BW of hydroalcoholic extract of purslane for 21 days. At the end of the period of 21 days, the blood test was taken and the amount of hormones in their blood was tested. The data were analyzed using one away ANOVA.Results: The findings of the study indicated a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the amount of estradiol in experimental group 3 and a reduction in the body weight in experimental group 2 compare with the both control and sham groups. No significant difference was observed in LH, FSH, progesterone and prolactin.Conclusion: The results indicate the dose –dependent effect of purslane in weight loss over 21 days. In addition, due to the anti-estrogenic and anti-aromatase compounds in purslane, it reduces the concentration estradiol in the maximum dose. Thus, a prolonged application of purslane may lead to hormone disorders and a reduction in fertility.

Background and aims: Craniotomy by imposing immobility after surgery is a risk factor for venous thrombosis. The aim of the present study is to compare the effect of unfractionated heparin (UFH) with low-molecular-weight heparin (Clexane) in preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with brain tumor undergoing elective craniotomy.Methods: In this randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial from 2009 to 2010 in Isfahan IRAN, 154 patients candidate for elective craniotomy due to brain tumor were enrolled.Patients were divided two groups after craniotomy. In first group (77 patients), the patients received subcutaneous clexane (40 mg/d) 48h after the surgery. Patients in second group (77 patients) received subcutaneous unfractionated (5000 Iu/12h), 48 hours after the surgery. Data were analyzed using SPSS, t-test and Chi-square.Results: No significant difference was found between two groups in age, sex and underlying diseases (P>0.05). During the study 14 cases (18.2%) of subclinical venous thrombosis were observed in UFH group and 3 cases (3.9%) in clexane group (P=0.011). No one of the patients encountered with intracranial hemorrhage at follow up.Conclusion: Results of this study show that clexane is more effective and safer than UFH in prophylaxis for DVT in patients with brain tumor who undergo craniotomy.

Background and aims: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the first enzyme in the route of pentose phosphate metabolism. This route fulfills an effective role in removing oxidant metabolites. Deficiency of this enzyme causes decline in energy regeneration of red blood cells and hemolysis. In this study, application of fluorescence staining method in diagnosing the frequency of G6PD deficiency in newborn infants was examined.Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, serum samples from 1240 newborn infants’ cord were obtained, and activity of G6PD enzyme was measured by means of Fluorescence staining method. Demographic data including place of living, gender, and history of G6PD deficiency in family ichtems related hospitalization were recorded. The data were analyzed by SPSS15 software and chi-square test.Results: From 1240 under study samples, 29 (2.3%) suffered from G6PD deficiency, among whom 3 (10.9%) had severe deficiency and 26 (89.7%) had mild to moderate deficiency.Among the variables under study, only icterus-related hospitalization had a significant association with G6PD deficiency (P<0.001).Conclusion: Considering the high percentage of hospitalization of infants with G6PD deficiency, the potential risks of this hemolytic disease in the future for the patients, and low cost of fluorescent spot test, it is recommended to use this test to screen newborn infants.

Background and aims: Vulvovaginal candidiasis as a yeast infection is one of the most common reasons for women referring to clinics. Various causes could trigger this infection. It has been said in some studies that risk factor in predisposing vulvovaginal and in non predisposing vulvovaginal are different. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between predisposing factors and vulvovaginal candidiasis and the most prevalent symptoms.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 140 people with the suspected diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis were selected randomly. Two samples were selected from vaginal discharges for investigating the investigation the fungalk propable existance. A questionnaire including demographic and medical information was filled out. Factors such as pregnancy preventing method, material of clothes, cheesy discharges vaginal irritation, and erythema were assessed. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using chi-square and Fisher's exact test.Results: The mean age of the participants was 34.18±9.3 years. In the culture method, of the 140 vaginal samples, in the 46 cases (32.8%), candidiasis infections were grown. There was no significant relation between candidiasis infections and predisposing factors under study (P>0.05). There was a significant relation between candidiasis and clinical symptoms (cheesy discharge and vaginal erythm) and clinical signs that the patients declared such as vaginal irritation and cheesy discharge (P<0.05) but there was no significant relation between itching and candidiasis infections (P>0.05).Conclusion: The results indicate that fewer then 33% of women with symptoms showed possible suffering of candidiasis infection, affliction to infection in their vaginal culture. Thus, it can’t merely conclude about their candidiasis infection diagnosis based on some signs which patients declared them.

Background and aims: Risk of implementing invasive diagnostic procedures for coronary artery disease (CAD) such as angiography is considerable. On the other hand, Successful experience has been achieved in medical data mining approaches. Therefore this study has been done to produce a model based on data mining techniques of neural networks that can predict coronary artery disease.Methods: In this descriptive- analytical study, the data set includes nine risk factors of 13228 participants who were undergone angiography at Tehran Heart Center. (4059 participants were not suffering from CAD but 9169 were suffering from CAD). Producing model for predicting coronary artery disease was done based on multilayer perceptron neural networks and variable selection based on classification and regression tree (CART) using of Statistica software. For comparison and selection of best model, the ROC curve analysis was used.Results: After seven-time modeling and comparing the generated models, the final model consists of all existing risk factors obtained with the area under ROC curve of 0.754, accuracy of 74.19%, sensitivity of 92.41% and specificity of 33.25%.Also, variable selection results in producing a model consists of four risk factors with area under ROC curve of 0.737, accuracy of 74.19%, sensitivity of 93.34% and specificity of 31.17% was produced.Conclusion: The obtained model is produced based on neural networks. The model is able to identify both high risk patients and acceptable number of healthy subjects. Also, utilizing the feature selection in this study ends up in production of a model which consists of only four risk factors as: age, sex, diabetes and high blood pressure.

Background and aims: The primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most common problem that women complaint about and at least 50% of them experience it during the productivity period.The goal of this study was to compare the effect of Dill (Anethum graveolens) with mefenamic acid consumption on treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in students of Iranshahr Universities, 2010.Methods: This study is a clinical trial that conducted on 100 students with moderate severity and primary dysmenorrhea who were educating in Iranshahr Universities. They were randomly divided into two groups (mefenamic acid and Anethum graveolens). In the beginning of the cycle Dillsun was prescribed (10gtt q8hours) for Anethum graveolens.1 capsul 250 mg per 6 hours was prescribed for another group one day after starting the pain. Severity of pain was compared in pre intervention cycle and three cycles post intervention in both 2 groups. Results were analyzed by SPSS through chi square, ANOVA and t-test in 0.5 level of significancy.Results: The mean of dysmenorrhea severity was not significant in pre intervention cycle between two groups (P=0.42), but pain reduction in each three cycles after interventions in both groups was reported. This reduction was more in mefenamic acid group and it was more significant in secondary and tertiary cycles (P<0.05).Conclusion: Mefenamic acid and Anethum graveolens are effective in dysmenorrhea. Although this affect was more obvious in mefenamic acid group but as Anethum graveolens is an herbal combination, which has less side effects and people's interest to herbal treatments is considerable, so it is recommended to use it for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

Background and aims: The prevalence of hydatid cyst in patients with cancer is lower than those of normal population. In this study the effect of different extractions of hydatid cyst antigens on growth of Hella cancer cells has been investigated in vitro.Methods: In this experimental study, crude protoscolices antigen, protoscolices ES antigen and hydatid fluid antigen were prepared and fractions of these antigens were using salting out method. These fractions were added to Hella cell line and incubated for 48h. Then the number of alive and dead cells was counted in comparison to appropriate control. Analysis of data was carried out using SPSS software and Jonckheere–Terpstra test. P<0.05 was considered as significant.Results: In cell cultures treated with mentioned fractions, all 3 fractions significantly decrease the growth of Hella cancer in comparison to control cell culture. Also fractions of crude protoscolices antigen significantly increase the growth of Hella cancer cells.Conclusion: Different extracts of hydatid cyst antigens inhibitory effects on Hella cell’s growth in culture medium. Further work is recommended an anti-cancer property of these antigens.

Background and aims: Brucella can be cured hardly and usually encounters with resistance to drug and further recurrence of infection. Side effects of antibiotics that are used to treat are very high. This study aimed to design a method to eliminate drug resistance through using low dose of antibiotics for treatment of brucellosis.Methods: In this experimental study, silver nanorods were synthesized by reduction of silver nitrate and then Brucella abortus was cultured on Hinton Mueller agar. The discs were treated by Kirby-Bauer method with different concentrations of silver nanoparticles. Synergistic effect with streptomycin was also done by imbuing the streptomycin disk (10μg) with highest concentration of Nano particle that had not inhibitory effect.Results: Investigation the effect of silver nanoparticles on streptomycin-resistant Brucella abortus showed that dilutions above 25 mM were able to inhibit the Brucella abortus growth.Evaluation of synergistic effect of silver nanoparticles with streptomycin showed that those plates containing streptomycin disks with dilution of 12.50 mM caused inhibition zone consistent with CLSI.Conclusion: It seems that silver nanoparticles beside antibiotics, destroy bacteria drug-resistant.Using nanoparticles beside common antibiotics may enable us to use very low concentrations of antibiotics and nanoparticles to reduce their adverse effects.

Background and aims: Removal of recalcitrance pollutants from water by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) has been recently suggested by many researchers worldwide. However, being costly is the most important problem which prevent from doing such a method. The aim of this study was the assessment of AOPs usage for removal of pesticides from water with focus on their cost aspects.Methods: This research was an experimental study. The experimental analysis was carried out on 150 samples that had been determined based on minor factorial plan. Batch reactors including Ultrasonic (US), Ultraviolet (UV), Ultraviolet and Zinc Oxide (UV/ZnO), Ultraviolet/ Hydrogen Peroxide (UV/H2O2) were used for Diazinon and Malathion removal. The samples were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-Mass), and the energy costs were calculated by the empirical equation.Results: The results showed that the highest consumption of energy (i.e.5898.87 and 4430.37 kWh/m3 for Diazinon and Malathion, respectively) was for the US method and the lowest consumption of energy (i.e.224.29 and 167.01 kWh/m3 for Diazinon and Malathion, respectively) was achieved for the UV/H2O2 method. The results showed that the hybrid processes UV/H2O2 way the most economical way to remove the pesticides Diazinon and Malathion from water. Also, the removal of the pesticide Malathion was economically better than the pesticide Diazinon.Conclusion: The results of this study can pave the way the using of the process of advanced fusion in a syncretism procedure as a treatment for water and wastewater on an industrial scale in the water and wastewater industry.

Background and aims: A Hospital information system is an essential technology for health care, which can lead to improvement of hospital performance indicators, if it is used correctly.The aim of this study was to investigate the functional indicators change due to implementation information system in Sina hospital Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 16 unit of Sina hospital in 2012.The data gathering tool was designed from all information related to hospital information systems and hospital bed indexes were gathered from the information stored in the data and statistic management unit. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive statistics and two-sample t-tests.Results: MI of occupied bed one day before establishment of hospital information system was 5567.81±3617.04 days and a day after decreased to 5066.37±2646.62 days. MI of bed occupancy before establishment of hospital information system was 74.43±11.44 percent and after that, increased to 76.5±14.62 percent. Average index of length of hospitation before establishment Hospital Information System was 8.31±6.51 days and after decreased to 6.46±3.70 days. Bed turnover interval before establishment of hospital information systems was 1.12±1.02 and after increased to 1.64±1.42 days. There was a significant relationship between bed turnover interval index and the hospital information system (P=0.03).Conclusions: Due to the lack of the relationship between hospital information systems and performance indicators for hospitals; it appears that hospital information systems in hospitals could not be dramatically effective in improving the indicators.

Background and aims: Adiponectin, an adipose tissue derived adipokines, has anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties. There are several studies investigated the association between this hormone and different types of cancer. In present research, the study aimed to review the relationship between adiponectin and cancers.Methods: In this review study, various articles as following: case control, cross sectional and longitudinal studies have been found through PubMed database from 2002 to October 2011, by using the following key words: cancer, malignancy, cell proliferation and adiponectin.Result: From the total number of 45 articles, evidences proved the inverse association between the hormone and the risk of breast cancer, in which has been shown both cohort and case-control studies, in pre- and post- menopausal women. Endometrial cancer risk was significantly lower in women with higher plasma adiponectin level compared to women with lower level of hormone.Risk of benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer were higher in men with lower level of adiponectin concentration. Studies have shown the inverse correlation between the mentioned hormone and risk of colorectal cancer. Also, it seems that adiponectin inversely associates with pancreatic cancer in men.Conclusion: It seems that serum adiponectin level has inversely associated with risk of several cancers; this hormone suppresses the growth and proliferation of cancer cells, direct or indirect, via several mechanisms.

Background and aims: Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive neoplasm and appearing of that with severe eosinophilia is a rare coincidence. In this study a case of severe leukemia with aggressive appearance of eosinophilia is reported.Case report: In this report an 18-years old boy with severe eosinophilia is presented. An 18- years old boy with fatigue, low fever, tachy cardia, periodic weakness and diffuse erythroderma is presented. On physical examination, splenomegaly was seen in his visit sessions. Total leucocytes were 50000 cu/mm with 60% eosinophil in his complete blood. The level of Hemoglobin and hemotoblast was normal. His bone marrow examination showed a hyperplasic marrow incretion with increase in eosinophilia and lymphoblast. The bone marrow examination and blood samples experiment of flow cytometry showed pre B cell ALL with eosinophilia.Patient was treated with hyper CVAD, but it didn’t work. Then he was treated with FLANG diet which results in complete remission achievement. Finally, patient was gone under allogenic bone marrow transplantation.Conclusion: Therefore, it is suggested to concern about ALL in patients with increasing Eosinophilia, and prerequisites treatment should be done.