Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Year:2012 | Volume:15 | Issue:2|Papers Count:9

Introduction: Cryopreservation of ovarian cortical is a good way to preserve a large number of oocytes when they are expected to disappear due to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or other predictive causes of premature ovarian failure. Cryopreservation of ovarian tissues has generally been performed using slow-freezing methods with a programmed freezer. Recently, a rapid, simple and economical cryopreservation method, rapid freezing, has been applied to ovarian tissues. These methods are preformed in several species. The aim of our investigations was to compare rapid freezing and slow freezing on bovine ovary cortex by immunohistochemistry examination of apoptosis and necrosis of ovarian cells.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed to compare the two laboratory methods. The cow ovary cortex was cut around 0.5mm thick and 1x5 mm square. 20 patches were cut. Ovarian tissues were placed in 10ml of cryoprotectant and allowed to be incubated at 4oC for 30 minutes on a roller mixer. After equilibration tissues were transferred to the cryovials, half of ovarian patches were frozen by slow program and half of them were frozen by rapid freezing. In slow method vials were placed in programmable freezer (Planer Biomed, Sunbury, and Middlesex, UK) and temperature slow down gradually to - 140°C. After finishing the program the samples unloaded and plunged in to nitrogen. For rapid freezing vial directly plunged in to liquid nitrogen. The vials remove from the liquid nitrogen and thawed in the beaker of water at the room temperature. Thin sections were transferred to a small petri dish contain Caxboxy flurenscein diacetate, succinmidylester (CFDA) and incubated in 37oC for 20 minutes. The thin slides were examined under fluroscopic light.Results: The proportion of necroses was significantly increased in rapid-frozen ovaries 36% compared to 12% in slow frozen (P< 0.05).Conclusion: Conventional slow freezing is the method of choice for the cryopreservation of ovarian fragments, resulting in a much better preservation of all types of follicles than that by the rapid freezing.

Introduction: Anxiety is recognized as a preventive and effective factor in labor progress. Since the effect of accustomizing of women with personnel, delivery room, and equipments has not been investigated, this study was designed to determine the it's effects on the anxiety of nulliparous women before labor.Methods: This clinical trial was carried out in sixty-eight nulliparous women in health centers of Shahr Kurd .The women were randomely enrolled in study and control groups and their anxiety was assessed in 34 weeks of gestation with Hamilton scale. In the 36 and 38 weeks of gestation, women in study group were accustomed with labor and delivery room, personnel and equipments and the control group received the standard prenatal care. Also the anxiety of both groups was assessed at the onset of labor. We used Mann-witney and wilcoxon tests for analysis of data and p<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Mean of anxiety score in study group was 26.5±7.6 at 34 weeks of gestation and 11.82±8.3 at time of admission for delivery and difference was significant (P<0.001). It was 25.90±6.9 at 34 weeks of gestation and 23.53±5.8 at time of admission for delivery in the control group and difference was not significant (P=0.25).Conclusion: Accustomizing of nulliparous women with delivery room, personnel and equipments reduced the anxiety of women.

Introduction: Different surgical methods are presented for revision of external genitalia in transsex, intersex and vaginal agenesis but it is controversial yet. These surgical techniques used various grafts such as bowel, skin, amnion and vulva. The aim of this study was to tender our experience in vaginal reconstruction using genital local grafts.Methods: This is a prospective clinical trial study of 10 patients who were referred to an urologist for genitoplasty in Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad in 1387-1388. The period of follow up was 3 to 24 months. Patients were investigated for complications of vaginal stenosis, urine incontinence, injury to other organs such as rectum, wound infection and sexual satisfaction. Also, sexual satisfaction of patients and cosmetic effect of operation were evaluated using 20 items questionnaire and a 5-point of the Likert-scale. The data were analyzed by Tsquare and SPSS software (11 version).Results: Mean age of patients was 22±5.92 who underwent genitoplasty. The mean period of follow up was 10±6.35 months. Of total of 10 patients complications were seen in 2 cases (20%). Post operative complications were bleeding (10%) and urinary infection (10%). There was no vaginal stenosis, injury to other organs such as rectum and wound infection. The sexual satisfaction increased significantly according to paired sample t-test (p=000).Conclusion: It seems using genital local graft for genitoplasty has acceptable and low complication results in patients with genital ambiguity.

Introduction: Studies has shown that approximately 10-15% of married couples have infertility problem and a male factor can be accounted for half of these cases. Deletion in three non- overlapping regions on long arm of Y chromosome (AZFa, AZFb and AZFc) causes defective spermatogenesis and ultimately infertility in men. According to recent studies males who have Y chromosome deletions and they are by ICSI for infertility may transmit their deletions to a son offspring. So before ICSI all such men should undergo screening for the presence of these deletions in order to prevent the transmission to their male offspring.Methods: Screening of Y chromosome micro deletions was done in 100 infertile men who came to infertility center of Beheshti hospital in Kashan and infertility centers in Tabriz for ICSI. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes by standard ethanol chloroform techniques. By using 7 STS markers based on EAA/EMQN guideline and 11 STS markers which used in Iran and neighbor countries, PCR performed on each samples for detection of micro deletions.Results: In Kashani participants, none of the patients had these deletions, but in Tabrizi patients 4 (8%) had these deletions.Conclusion: This study failed to find greatly deletion in the patients who referred for ICSI in our study, so it appears that other factors were important in the infertility in this population.

Introduction: Body builders abuse anabolic steroid drugs to improve their strength and their muscle growth and appearance, some of the probable side effects can be sexual dysfunction, infertility and gynecgomastia. Due to the importance of the issue and reports about abuse of drugs in bodybuilders and an unidentified frequency of anabolic steroid drug abuse and unknown side effects, this study was conducted to determine the frequency of anabolic steroid drug abuse and the prevalence if its side effects in Tehran.Methods: A population of 721 male bodybuilders was chosen in different phases between 1388 and 1389. The instrument of the study was a questionnaire. The content validity was established by administration in one of the districts and by verification with experts. The reliability was computed through Alpha Cronbach .The questionnaire had questions regarding dose, route of abuse of anabolic steroids and the presence of complications such as sexual dysfunction, infertility and gynecomastia. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17, a t-test and Pearson correlation were run.Results: The frequency of anabolic steroid abuse by bodybuilders in Tehran was 36.19 percent. Nanderolone was the most common drug used by athletes (%75.09). The side effects were infertility, gynecomastia, acne on face and body, atrophy of testis, sexual dysfunction and hair loss. Results showed a direct relationship between dose, length of use and the occurrence of side effects.Conclusion: Anabolic steroid abuse and its complications are prevalent in bodybuilders and since infertility is the most important complication in this group so the necessity of educating bodybuilders on the correct use and side effects of drugs is mandatory.

Introduction: Nausea and vomiting are one of common complications in pregnancy. Although many suggestions have been made but none of them has shown a complete effect on the nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ginger syrup and vitamin B6 on nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.Methods: In this clinical trial study 100 pregnant women with nausea and vomiting within 24 hours of study were randomized in two groups by using ginger syrup and vitamin B6. Then the rate of nausea and number of episodes of vomiting were assessed. The T square, Chi square and Vilcoxon tests were used to analyze the data.Results: Results showed that the mean age of pregnant women in this study was 25/48±4/92 years and there were no differences between participants’ age, number of pregnancy, education, number of abortion, job and gestational age. Results showed that the effects of using vitamin B6 compared with using ginger syrup are the same in decreasing the mean rate of nausea of pregnancy (1/7±0/98 in ginger syrup, 1/42±1/74 in vit B6) and decrease in the mean rate of vomitind of pregnancy (0/99±0/7 in vit B6, 1/32±1 in ginger syrup). But satisfaction rate of treatment in ginger syrup was more than that of vit B6. (94% versus 54%).Conclusion: Both ginger fresh root and vitamin B6 decrease nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea is a common disorder that occurs in 60-93% of women in menstrual age. There is no specific problem in the genital tract. The onset is in early stages of menstruation that may last by 2 to 3 days. Tranquilizers, herbal drugs and massaging are being used as treatment. Chamomile root may alleviate the pain, but scientific studies have not been done worldwide. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Valeriana Officinalis and mefenamic acid on primary dysmenorrhea.Methods: This clinical study was performed in two pre-university centers in Hamedan to compare the effects of Valeriana officinalis and mefenamic acid on primary dysmenorrheal. Students were randomly grouped into two groups each enrolling 54 students. Participants in study group of Valeriana Officinalis were given capsules of 250 milligram every 8 hour in the first 3 days of menstruation for a 2 month period and students in mefenamic acid group were given capsules of 250 milligram in similar way to the study group. Data were gathered by questionnaires,in three groups i.e data before any clinical intervention,one month and 2 months after clinical intervention. Data analysis was carried out using Wilcoxon and Chi-square tests.Results: The mean pain scale in the Valeriana Officinalis group decreased from 7/08±1/01 to 3/68±1/32 and in the mefenamic acid group, it decreased from 7/68±1/21 to 3/06±1/67. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups and both Valeriana Officinalis and mefenamic acid were effective on primary dysmenorrhea.Conclusion: The study finds Valeriana Officinalis is an effective therapy in relieving the pain of primary dysmenorrheal while not using synthetic drugs.

Introduction: Infertility is a major public health problem with physical, psychological and social dimensions. The prevalence of psychological problems has been estimated to be high in infertile women. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of well-being therapy on stress and psychological well-being in infertile women who were referred to Montasariya infertility center in Mashhad.Methods: The current study was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test post-test in two experimental and control groups. Research population was the infertile women who were referred to Montasariya infertility center during summer of 1390. 22 infertile women were selected to participate in this study which randomly assigned in tow experimental (11 persons) and control groups (11 persons). The experimental group received 8 weekly sessions of well-being therapy. The data was gathered by using stress scale of DASS-21 (p<0/001) and psychological well-being scale (p<0/001).Results: There were significant differences between two groups in stress and psychological well-being after the final session of intervention. So according to the results the psychological well-being was increased in experimental group (p<0/05), while consequently the stress was significantly reduced (p<0/05).Conclusion: Well-being therapy affect on decreasing stress and increasing psychological well-being in infertile women.