INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT (IJIE) (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE) (PERSIAN)
Year:2008 | Volume:19 | Issue:6|Papers Count:11

Designers draw diagrams to think about architectural concepts and design concerns. Scientists are interested in programming computers to recognize and interpret design diagrams to deliver appropriate tools for the design task at hand. Researchers conducted empirical studies to find out if designers share drawing conventions when designing. The experiment results show that designers use different diagramming conventions when thinking about different design concerns. This paper discusses the use of freehand diagrams and sketches in architectural design. It examines the roles of diagrams in various contexts: pedagogical books, design studies, designers’ introspective accounts and empirical studies of drawing in design. It offers several examples of thinking with diagrams in design and concludes with a discussion of the requirements for computational support for the diagrams in design thinking.

One technique that has been recently used to assess the value of environmental attributes is choice experiment method (CEM). CEM permits value estimates for different goods (services) sharing a common set of attributes to be pieced together using the results of a single multinomial (conditional) logic model. The CEM approach to environmental value assessment is illustrated in the context of housing choices by Naval residents in Tehran. A standard CEM questionnaire has been developed and completed in a sample of 200 residents in the Naval project neighborhood in 2008. Several log it regression models were developed in order to estimate the impacts of selected environmental attributes on households’ choices of dwellings. We have calculated the willingness to pay for environmental pollution, accessibility, security, sociability, neighborhood facilities and home facilities using house prices as a monetary value. The results show that except for the home facilities, all other environmental attributes have significant expected impacts on households’ choices. In the context of this neighborhood the results show that households would be willing to pay more for purchasing a house with less environmental pollution (noise and air pollution, more sociability, security, neighborhood facilities, and accessibility respectively. CEM is found to provide flexible and cost-effective results for estimating use and passive use values of environmental attributes in urban environment, particularly when several alternative proposals and attributes need to be considered.

Paying attention to the meaning of territory in residential design affects the arrangement of built environment and bases it on the family members’ main needs. The paper tries to recognize the specific functions of each family in various spaces in order to understand cultural traits and subjective territories of the family. Then supposing that one spatial territory is Adjacent to the other, the influences of the three senses (sight, smell and hearing) of that territory on the other are surveyed. For the sake of “radiation transmission” or “radiation absorption” the interactions of two territories are determined by recognizing the daily activities of family members within the transmitted and absorbed spectrums of rays of each sense. To achieve a level of independence required by each territory, by defining the admissible effects, the efficient limit expressing percentage of adjustment for adjacency consistency and preparing desirable independence is determined. Value of necessary junctures can be obtained by comparing this limit with the spectrum of junctures. Therefore the achieved diagrams for each sense express the range of the proper juncture in the adjusting procedure for those two spatial territories. The adjacency quality of two zones can be evaluated by regarding to the number of proper junctures and the value of separation. Using the method presented in this paper, the acceptable linear, planar and spatial junctures for separation of two zones can then be obtained in order to attain desirable independence.

Architecture is one of those deeds and documents with rich sources of ancients’ life and surly their analyses and investigation can guide us in achievement of originality and culture of own and can help us in positive and intelligent usage of this valuable treasure. In this way consideration to historical buildings especially public places such as bathhouses is pretty significant and can help us in better recognition of native architecture and Iranian traditions, customs and cultures, in the other hand it can coincide the native technologies with current science. As a result the present research is done for examination of thermal devices’ function in historical bathhouses of Iran. With accomplishment of qualitative and quantitative observation, the present research is observing the phase of Iranian historical bathhouses and their thermal devices and their structures are in examination and comparison. The principle focus of this essay is examination of inappropriate thermal revival’s flaws of these buildings and finally their gradual destruction in order to disconfirmation with mechanical equipment in use for revival of these historical buildings. Finally, in general the function of this research is presentation of some strategies in stabilization of these buildings’ resistance and coincidence with new technologies; also it emphasizes the necessity of accomplishment in vast observation in this regard.

Color is one of the main indicators of aesthetics issues. Due to importance of colors quality among the industrial products, colors selection for products is a key point for production. Furthermore understanding and conceptions of the mentioned visual factors is complicated. Also, colors as a very important aesthetic factor is a challengeable and effective subject for design’s team work and their innovations, thus the main manufacturing companies around the world have R&D departments which studies about color in products, specifically. Color selection and make an effective harmony among the different colors is one of the most important activities in industrial design discipline, besides industrial designers are facing with the mentioned area. They also pay attention to colors functions and effective in everyday products, more than other experts.Taking and choosing of colors will be based on two approaches: “technical field” and “interface scope”. In the first one some subjects are studied such as chemistry of colors, kind of colors and surface absorbance, and so on. In the second scope, relationship and connection between human and environments will be discussed. However, the second area is more important because it is related to human needs. In this study importance of colors and colors’ roles in surface features among the products were studied. Also colors were introduced as a key element for users and their behaviors for purchases. All in all the findings of this study emphasize on this fact that choosing of colors for products design is a wide scope which covers a multidisciplinary function.

Designers draw diagrams to think about architectural concepts and design concerns. Scientists are interested in programming a computer to recognize and interpret design diagrams to deliver appropriate tools for the design task at hand. Researchers conducted empirical studies to find out if designers share drawing conventions when designing.Quick improvement in technology guide us to develope digital design environments. Such invironments can exploit creativity in architectural design and finally conduce to produce programs which use sketches and diagrams instance design sources and retrieve visuall sources to creative design to evolve architectural education. This problem can be the topic for many architectural researches in future although several researchers are studying these systems abroad.

Nowadays, the citizen's security and the ways of promoting it have been considered as a priority of urban designer. This promotion of urban security, have good and beneficial aspects on cultural and social traces and relics that relate to citizen's behavioral pattern that enhance the quality of residential environment through reduction of urban crime and violence. This paper introduces the role of urban fabric and physical aspect of it, and makes clear the principles, paradigms and strategies of CPTED approach. The necessity of this approach relates to this manifest: nowadays, the potentials of urban fabric and physical aspect have been not considered in reduction of urban crimes that enhance the quality of life and urban satisfaction. The methodology of this research is analytical and documental research method. The results of research show that, the commission of crime and violence can be reduced by using practical urban design criteria. The paper also emphases on practical strategies and guide lines for implementation plan in our contemporary urban environment.

Townscape can be apprehended by human senses due to its tangible existence. For this purpose the most important one is visual sense. The gradual variation of townscapes in different intervals highly affects this comprehension. More ever, the quality and amount of impressibility from townscape is depended on motion type i.e., pedestrian or mounted (kind of transportation means).so. Two parameters of time and motion affect the understanding of a townscape. This article emphasizes on the delicate attention to the acquaintance of these effects on design and landscape architecture. The results of this article indicate that the applied principles in landscape architecture could be achieved via evaluation of townscape comprehension. Firstly some of the townscape principles and their apprehension are investigated. Then, the most significant related conceptions are analyzed by townscape specialists which provide the checklist including the prominent principles in townscape design.

Strategic planning is a systematic method focuses on inter connections of preferred action by using technical indicator including weaknesses and strengths (abilities and resources), opportunities and threats in analytical process. In addition it is a systematic method for decision making. These differences happened comparing with other planning method because of its intelligent integrated analysis and the specification of main participant goals for decision-making and actions. The method take palace specially in the implementation of urban and regional plans. This article is to specify how to use strategic planning process in tourism planning. In this way, first of all theoretical foundation of strategic planning in regional level is discussed. Then the product sector of tourism activity in case study of neyshabour county, as a region, will be studied. The presentations of optimized strategies for regional development of neyshabour county whit emphasis of on tourism product sector are the main result of this research.

Prophet Mohammad peace be upon him stated: “Record and preserve the words that you hear from me and deliver it to the next generations.” In this alighting statement lays indications to honor and respect the past and also value and honor the future. The effects and sparkles of identity in the past monuments and writings, especially architecture is in itself valuable, and honoring this value is respecting the present, respecting the past and respecting the future and with the misconceived aspects of it, is a source to reflect upon and an intermediary for knowledge and consciousness. The rich Iranian architecture from the past or in other words cultural heritage is a manifestation of knowledge and revelation of truth which has the ability to enhance the extents of awareness of the educational system for teaching architecture. The educational system for teaching architecture should accumulate the beneficiary scopes of these systems of knowledge in architectural education. Therefore architectural education system should be known in respect to the enrichment of the affiliation of architectural identity with the belief of cumulative knowledge of cultural-architectural heritage and should be known as the metalanguage of contemporary architecture and as a rubric for architectural education.

Regarding the existing crisis of art and architecture from both theoretical and practical aspects, which are influenced by the dubitative and relativism viewpoints of western culture in new era, could be solved by the school of Islam from all its sides of theory, practice and historical background. To prove the above idea, firstly, the architecture would be introduced as a part of human science due to its relation with art, and then research methods in this science would be considered as a basis, while attending to all its conflicts based on belief and the selection of thoughts. In the next stage, the architectural subjects are discussed from both longitudinal and latitudinal dimensions based on leading principles on each subject. Then the inclusiveness of anthropology, aesthetics and the philosophy of Islamic art is explained based on a comparative evaluation with rival schools of thoughts. Subsequently after giving a perfect definition of architecture, space-geometry ideas is considered as the roots of architectural products, but as considers authenticity for architectural products in relation to human and his needs, establishes appropriate spacegeometry ideas for each tools and methods of human perceptions. Finally for proving the proposed ideas, samples of impeccant architecture, the conversion of fire-temples to mosques and the architecture and urbanism of Islamic period have been introduced.