PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
Year:2016 | Volume:11 | Issue:4|Papers Count:7

The aim of this study was to determine effectiveness of music therapy on anxiety and depression of patients with multiple sclerosis. The research method was quasi-experimental and its design was pretest-posttest with control group. Study population was all of MS patients that had referred to Tehran MS association and 30 of them randomly selected and then, randomly assigned in experimental and control groups (15 people). Depression and anxiety Beck scales were performed for data gathering. For data analysis, Analysis of Variance with repeated measures was performed. The results showed that the mean scores of depression and anxiety of patients with MS in experimental group significantly different from control group in post-test. Namely, the mean scores of anxiety and depression decreased on the effect of music therapy. Music therapy can use as a complementary treatment and less expensive than other treatments in improving symptoms of depression and anxiety of patients with MS.

Vulnerability to anorexia nervosa disorder is associated with sociotropy-autonomy conflict. Thus the purpose of this study was to compare dependency, differentiation of self and assertiveness in individuals with and without anorexia nervosa symptoms. The research design was causal- comparative research method. A sample group of 173 girl students were selected through random cluster sampling. All participants filled out Dependent Personality Inventory, Eating Attitudes Test, Differentiation of Self Inventory and Assertiveness Self-Report Inventory. Participants selection was based on one standard deviation above and below the anorexia nervosa’s mean score, as well as BMI criteria. Therefore there were 39 subjects at anorexia nervosa symptoms and 75 subjects, without anorexia nervosa symptoms group. U-Mann-Whitney test was used for the data analysis. There were in terms of Dependency and Differentiation of Self (total score and subscales of ER, EC and FO) a significant difference between the two groups with anorexic individuals had higher levels of dependency and lower levels of differentiation of self-compared to individuals without symptoms. There was no significant difference between IP subscale of differentiation and assertiveness between the two groups. Training-based interventions in order to solve sociotropy -autonomy conflict and to increase the level of differentiation was recommended.

The purpose of this study, was to investigate the effect of stressful tasks on working memory capacity. This study was based on quasi- experimental design through a pretest- posttest with a control group model during 1390-91 academic years. The sample group consisted of 28 female students (age mean=20 years) of the Alzahra university who were selected via accessible sampling with respect to neuropsychological control variables. The subjects were divided randomly into an experimental and a control groups. During the pretest and posttest, stressful tasks administered for, subjects in the experimental groups while the subjects in the control group were relaxed. For evaluating the working memory capacity, it was used a word span test and physiological variables such as diastolic blood pressure (BPD) and heart rate (HR) were recorded with a blood pressure monitor.These data were analyzed by covariance test and repeated variance test. Subjects were asked to evaluate the perceived stress by self-report measure. The results showed the effect of stressful tasks in stress induction (F=4.814, P<0.05).But the working memory capacity did not differ between two groups (F=0.5, P>0.05). The results of this study indicated that the moderate stress will not affect working memory capacity.

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of psychodrama in the treatment of kleptomania. In this study, single subject design (A-B) and Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale were used. Client was an eleven years old girl who presented with symptoms of Kleptomania to the therapist. Duration of treatment for this client was eight sessions (one session per week). After treatment sessions, follow-up sessions were performed too. The client’s score on the pretest was 34 that is a very high score in the kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale. On the post test, her score reduced to 11, which represents a significant change in her status. Reports of the client and her mother about the thoughts and behaviors related to the theft in follow-up sessions also showed a significant reduction in symptoms of Kleptomania. According to the findings it can be said that psychodrama was effective in The treatment of kleptomania. So, the main Suggestion of this research is to use this method of psychotherapy in The future researches.

The Present research aimed to determine the effectiveness of training of motivational self-talk and mental imagery skills in enhancing sport performance of soccer players.60 boy athletes (aged 20-28) selected with available sampling through teams in leagues2 of Tehran and They were assigned randomly in experimental and control groups (n1=n2=30). Methodology was semi- experiment al design. At first, sport performance, motivational self-talk and mental imagery skills were measured by checklist, mental skills and self-talk, then the skills of mental imagery and self-talk were trained to experiment al group in 14 sessions and athletes in control group practice only technical skills under their coach. At The end of interventions, participants performance was measured again, also after 2 weeks The follow-up and data were analyzed by ANCOVA and T-student. Results indicated that and motivational self-talk and mental imagery skills can enhance performance of passing, touching and tackle in soccer players. In addition, findings showed that the effect of intervention lasted in follow up. The results provided some evidence to suggest that mental preparation based on motivational self-talk and mental imagery is an appropriate package on enhancing performance of soccer players. Therefore, in order to improve level of mental preparation and process performance of athletes, it may be useful to use package of mental preparation.

The aim of the present research was to study the relationship between self-control capacity, and self-regulation with happiness. The statistical population consisted of all students of Guilan University in the 2011-2012 academic year, which among them a sample of 187 students were selected by random cluster sampling method and they completed emotional self-regulation strategies questionnaire (Salehi Morkani, 1385), Tangney’s self-control scale (2004), and Oxford happiness scale (Argyle, 1989). The results showed there were significant positive correlations between happiness total score and subscale of positive experience and positive sensation with self-control capacity and self-regulation strategies (consist of cognitive, behavioral and, focusing on change affect and increasing positive affect). Results of regression analysis revealed that self-control capacity and increasing positive affects can explain 17 percent of the variance of students’ happiness. There were significant differences between happiness and it’s subscales in married and unmarried students. According to these results using self-control and self-regulation can leads to happiness.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the computer-Assisted working memory training on mathematical performance of students with mathematic disability. The study’s procedure was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design employing a control group. The participants include 24 students with mathematic disability in Larestan in the academic year of 2013- 2014 who were selected by in available sampling method from third to fifth grade students and assigned into experimental and control groups, randomly; hence, each group consisted of 12 students. Both groups were undergone a pre-test. The experimental group received computer-Assisted working memory training in 25 sessions while control group did not. After the intervention period for experimental group the post-test was administered for both groups. The Iran Key-math mathematic test was employed to assess the mathematical performance.The analyses of data by ANCOVA showed that there was a significant increase in the mean scores of mathematical performance and subscales (operation and the applied of mathematics) in experimental group (P<0.01). While this training has not had a significant effect on dimension of concepts of mathematic.Observations implied the interference of computer-Assisted working memory training for improving mathematical performance of students with mathematical disability. Therefore, as the study’s findings implied, the computer-Assisted working memory training is highly recommendable to improve the mathematical performance of students with mathematical disability.