ARAK MEDICAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL (AMUJ)
Year:2017 | Volume:19 | Issue:10 (115)|Papers Count:10

Background: Operating room personnel are subject to occupational hazards which could lead to an increase in free radicals and develop various diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of consuming green tea on the improvement of the blood oxidative biomarkers in operating room personnel who are exposed to anesthetic gases.Materials and Methods: This study was a before-after clinical trial which was conducted on 24 operating room personnel. They were invited to consume 4 cups of a green tea beverage, prepared from 3 g of green tea leaves in 300 mL of boiled water (at 80oC), daily for 8 weeks. Then, Myeloperoxidase (MPO), DNA damage, Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) in the plasma were measured in order to evaluate the level of oxidative stress biomarkers before and after consuming green tea.Results: Green tea consumption by operating room personnel brought about a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and a considerable decrease in myeloperoxidase and DNA damage.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, green tea consumption as an antioxidant supplement by operating room personnel, who are regularly exposed to anesthetic gases, can minimize oxidative stress and DNA damage considerably. Thus, it is advisable for operating room personnel to consume green tea as a natural antioxidant supplement.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine aberration in women. PCOS is characterized by ovarian hyperandrogenism and anovulation resulted from a disorder of follicular maturation. Apoptosis is a regulatory mechanism for oocyte maturation and survival. Several studies have shown a possible role of Fas in ovarian apoptosis. The present study is the first investigation to examine the possible association of Fas rs1800682gene polymorphism with PCOS risk in Iranian women.Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 251 patients with PCOS and 213 healthy control women. The Fas rs1800682 gene polymorphism genotypes were analyzed using the Tetra-ARMS-PCR method. Also, logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between genotypes and PCOS risk.Results: There was a significant association between A allele and susceptibility to PCOS (OR =1.4, %95CI=1.08-1.83, p=0.011). Moreover, in the recessive genetic model for A allele, the AA genotype increased the risk of PCOS after adjusting age and body mass index (OR=1.6, %95CI=1.02- 2.51, p=0.041).Conclusion: For the first time, this study showed that Fas rs1800682 polymorphism is associated with PCOS risk in Iranian women and the A allele may act as a recessive allele for increasing the risk of PCOS.

Background: Human exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of diseases such as heart failure, asthma and cancer. It has been suggested that oxidative stress is involved in air pollution-induced disorders. Recently, g-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is known as a marker of oxidative stress. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of exposure to outdoor air pollution on enzyme activity of GGT and also usage of GGT serum level as a marker for studying of harmful effects of air pollution in the resident with high air pollution level.Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 110 healthy adult men, neversmoking, who worked in an area with high air pollution and 90 men who worked in an area with low air pollution, as control group, were enrolled. All subjects were in the age range of 25-45 years with minimum work history of three years. The GGT activity in the serum samples was determined using a spectrophotometric method.Results: Our results showed that the serum levels of GGT in the subjects in the areas with high air pollution (33.92±1.61 U/L) did not differ significantly with those of control region (33.62±1.74 U/L).Conclusion: Overall, this study did not support the hypothesis that GGT enzyme could be considered as an oxidative stress marker following exposure to outdoor air pollution. Further studies with a larger sample sizes and also trials in other areas are required to confirm these results.

Background: Parsley is one of the medicinal herbs used for gastrointestinal disorders. However, spasmolytic activity of Petroselinum crispum (parsley) extract has been reported, there is a lack of information to support the mechanism of this antispasmodic activity. Taking this into account, the purpose of the present work was to investigate the role of GABAA receptor on antispasmodic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of parsley seed in isolated rat ileum.Materials and Methods: In this study, terminal portion of ileum (2 cm) was dissected out and mounted in an organ bath containing air bubbled Tyrode solution (37oC, pH=7.4). Under 1gr resting tension, ileal contraction was induced by KCl (60 mM) and recorded isotonically. The effects of noncumulative (0.1-0.5 mg/ml) concentrations of extract on KCl-induced contractions were examined. After evaluating the effect of agonist and antagonist GABAA receptor, the effect of parsley extract was assessed in the presence of muscimol (25 mM) and bicuculline (10 mM) as agonist and antagonist of GABAA, respectively.Results: Parsley seed extract reduced the KCl-induced ileal contraction in a concentrationdependent manner (n=7, p<0.001). Both muscimol and bicuculline exerted relaxant effect on ileal contraction (n=7, p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively). Surprisingly, agonist and antagonist of GABAA both potentiated the spasmolytic effect of extract (0.2 mg/ml). Altogether, spasmolytic effect of extract was not attenuated in the presence of GABAA antagonist.Conclusion: It seems that GABAA receptor is not involved in the antispasmodic effect of parsley seeds extract in rat ileum.

Background: Nanoparticles are used in various applications due to unique mechanical and physicochemical properties such as their increased surface area to volume ratio and quantum effects. This study was designed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanopaticles on hematological and biochemical parameters BALB/c mice.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 28 adult male mice BALB/c, were divided into four groups (one control group and three experimental groups). The mice in the experimental groups orally received Zinc Oxide nanoparticles with doses of 50, 100 and 300 mg/kg for 14 days. The control group received distillated water only. On 15th day, some hematological and biochemical parameters were studied on the blood samples collected.Results: Results showed that Zinc Oxide nanoparticles cause changes in blood cells. In high concentration, nanoparticles increased some of factors such as white blood cells, hemoglubin, MCV and neutrophil and besides decreased amount of RBCs, pLTs, hematocrit, lymphocytes, glucose and kratenin significantly (p<0.05).Conclusion: The findings showed that zinc oxide nanoparticles cause harmful effects due to the considerable variations in hematological and serum parameters in mice in a dose-dependent way.

Background: Self- talk is a psychological intervention that can affect the performance of an individulal, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of balance- training with educational and motivational self-talk on balance in women with MS in the city of Arak.Materials and Methods: This study was a semi-experimental research with pre- test and post-test. The statistical population included women with MS in the city of Arak. 42 patients with the age range of 20-50 years old were chosen as samples and randomly were divided in 3 groups of individuls as control, educational self-talk and motivation self-talk and were experimented by Berg balance test.The experimental groups practiced the balance excercises for a month , 3 times a week and 45 minutes in each session. Then, post- test was performed for them. For data collecting, the demographic questionnaire, Berg balance test, one leg balance test and star test were used. Data analysis was done by using ANOVA and Tokey post-test by SPSS23 software at a significant level less than 0.05.Results: The results of this study showed that the mean score of balance in educational self- talk group than motivational self-talk group (p=0.045) a control group (p=0.008) was significantly higher. Thus, the mean score balance performance test, motivational self- talk and control groups showed no significant difference (p=0.689).Conclusion: According the findings of this study, balance training with educational self- talk affects on balance in women with MS. Thus, balance training with educational selftalk can be a good approach to improve the balance in the women with MS. oxidative stress and DNA damage considerably. Thus, it is advisable for operating room personnel to consume green tea as a natural antioxidant supplement.

Background: Infertility is described as a loss that this event is serious tension in life and it makes extreme trauma on couples. This research aimed to investigate the effect of group psychotherapy based on life quality on marriage intimacy of infertile women.Materials and Methods: This research method was in semi-test methodology with pre-test, post- test and follow-up test plan with control group and statistical sample was 32 persons (16 persons in test group and 16 persons in control group) that they were chosen in available sampling mode from Royan center in Arak and both two groups were peer in research standards. Test group received training for 5 sessions in 90 minute. For collecting data, Bagarozzi marital intimacy questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance by using SPSS software.Results: Results showed that life quality training affected significantly on marriage intimacy of infertile women and improved it. Significant difference between pre-test, post- test and follow-up average scores of test and control groups showed effectiveness of life quality training on infertile women (p=0.003<0.05, f=27.57).Conclusion: The research showed that group therapy of life quality plan affected on marital intimacy and improved it. Therefore, it is recommended as a supplement.

Background: With regards to importance of the role of parents in children's life, imbalance in the roles of parents can lead to serious mental, emotional and physical damages of the child. The purpose of this study was to determine how to do parenting role's tasks in parents of children with disability (physical- mental) younger than 7 years in the city of Arak in 2016.Materials and Methods: In this study, the parenting role's tasks questionnaire for 120 parents of children with disability was completed. The effect of demographic characteristics on how to perform the role of parents was studied.Results: Based on data collected and analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient for the relationship between the parents and other factors, we have found no significant relationship  between role of parents with the child's age. In disabled children, between parent's role and maternal age was significant difference which its correlation coefficient was -0.18, represented the inverse association between maternal age and the parent's role with disabled children. In comparison of parent's role based on child's gender, significant difference was not seen in any of cases. The impact of the seizure on performance of parenting role's tasks implied no relationship between history of seizure and performance of parenting role's tasks. Economic situation as well as on how to do tasks was ineffective.Conclusion: Imbalance in performance of parenting role's tasks in primary care, education, leisure and cognition promotion showed that existence of a disabled child in the family had negative impact on the parenting role's tasks in different aspects, for example further focus on one of the domains lead to ignorance of other domains. Total score confirmed the negative impact of disabled children on efficient implementation of parenting role's tasks.

Background: Acne vulgaris is chronic inflamatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit.Patients experience psychological burdens like depression, anxiety, and low self- esteem. Isotretinoin is used in the treatment of severe and recalcitrant acne; however, this treatment is associated with a number of partialy common adverse effects that it sometimes may stop the process of treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of oral omega 3 on sideeffects of isotretinoin.Materials and Methods: One hundred eighteen patients with severe acne vulgaris were randomly divided into two groups. Control group received isotretinoin (0.5 mg/kg) alone and case group received isotretinoin (0.5 mg∕kg) combined with omega 3 (2 capsuls) daily. The duration of treatment was 16 weeks.Mucocutaneous side- effects were assessed in patients(4, 8, 12, 16th wk).Results: Lip dryness (4, 8, 12th wk) and dryness of nose, skin, eye in the 4 th week in the patients with acne vulgaris treated with isotretinoin and omega3 was lesser than in the patients treated with isotretinoin alone, that this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, Omega 3 decreased the mucocutaneous side effects in the patients with acne vulgaris who received isotretinoin.

Background: One of the problems in children with cerebral palsy is impaired eating and drinking liquids. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of oral motor stimulations on feeding function in the children with spastic cerebral palsy by two medical and family centered approaches.Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical cross sectional study that performed on 40 children 2-8 year olds with spastic Cerebral Palsy from the rehabilitation clinics in the city of Arak. They were selected by simple and purposeful sampling. Applied instruments were Gross Motor Measure Function Classification System Expanded & Revised (GMFCS E&R) and oral motor assessment scale(OMAS). Data were analyzed by statistical tests such as: Kolmogorov- Smirnov, reporting mean, standard deviation, data analysis frequncy distribution table, independent ttest, dependent t-test, chi- square and MANOVA.Results: The difference of swallowing function assessed by OMAS in both groups managed by family centered and clinician centered approach prior and post management statistialy was meaningful (p=0.001). The difference between swallowing function of both groups post intervention was not meaningful in view of first and second assessor, also it had no statistical significance (p=0.89, p=0.07).Conclusion: In general, we can conclude that oral motor stimulation is effective on swallowing function of cerebral palsy children in both treated groups. The effect of these stimulations on swallowing function in children with cerebral palsy between clinician centered and family centered approaches was equal.