COUNSELING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Year:2008 | Volume:7 | Issue:27|Papers Count:8

This study examines the relationship between perceived parental child-rearing patterns and self-conscious affects of shame and guilt among Iranian female college students. Data were collected from 710 undergraduate females selected in random clusters. Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and Test Of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA) were used to measure perceived parental child-rearing pattern and children's shame and guilt. Result indicated that there was a significant reverse correlation between parental care and shame. Also perceived overprotection was significantly correlated with shame. Neither parental care, nor parental overprotection was correlated with guilt. Regression analysis revealed that paternal overprotection, paternal care, and maternal overprotection were significant predictors of shame. These three variables explain 14% of the variance in shame. Results suggested that perceived poor parental care and overprotection are significant risk factors for maladaptive shame.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching time management skill to reduce procrastination and perfectionism among university students. The research design was pretest-posttest with control group. 29 students suffering from procrastination and perfectionism simultaneously were selected from Takestan University Azad and were randomly placed into two experimental and control groups. 14 and 15 subjects were randomly assigned to each group Tuckman's Scale of Procrastination and Ahvaz perfectionism Scale (APS) were applied. After the data were collected and analyzed descriptively and inferentially, it was found out that teaching time management skill was effective in reduction of procrastination and perfectionism.

Couple with chronically ill children is at risk for experiencing marital maladjustment. The present study was a randomized control trial that assessed the efficacy of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy (EFCT) in decreasing marital maladjustment in the target population. Participants included 48 persons (24 female and 24 males with chronically ill children, at the centers of pediatric and training hospitals in Tehran. They were placed randomly in experimental and control groups. Research instrument was Dayadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). At the end, EFT couples demonstrated significant decrease in marital distress, and increase in marital satisfaction, cohesion, consensus and affection expressed at the post treatment follow-up in comparison to the control group.

This study examines the effects of group counseling using solution focused therapy procedure on reduction of mother-daughter conflicts. 36 students from a high school in Tehran volunteered to participate in group counseling. The Conflict Tactics Scale was administered. 24 students with higher scores were randomly selected as experimental and control groups. The independent variable was eight group counseling sessions using solution-focused therapy procedure. The hypotheses were that group counseling using solution-focused therapy procedure will decrease mother-daughter conflict in female adolescents. The results indicated that score of mother-daughter conflict of the subject decreased.

This study examined the effect of communication skills training on communication patterns and positive feelings toward spouse among couples in Ahwaz. 48 couples participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to two groups. Communication pattern questionnaire (CPQ) and positive feeling questionnaire (PFQ) were used in this study. At first, ail of couples were given pre-test, then the experimental group was exposed to communication skills training. Both groups receive post-test at the end of the program. Result of the research showed that communication skills training had increase Positive Feeling toward spouse, and Constructive Pattern of the subjects Demand Withdraw Pattern and Mutual Avoidance Pattern of CPQ and its subscales decrease. 

This study attempted to predict Exam Anxiety level Tehran female student regarding styles of expressing the emotion. Target population of this research consisted of all secondary school female students of Tehran in academic year of 2008. The sample as sample was composed of 610 people which was determined using multi-stage random sampling. To collect data, two main instruments were used: A-Emotion expression method inventory in three styles. 1- Emotional expression inventory of King and Amonz; 2- Emotion control inventory (ECQ) of Rajer and Noshour; 3- Ambivalence Emotion Inventory of King and Amonz. B- The Sarason exam anxiety inventory. To analysis the data we used descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (multivariate regression analysis using step-by-step method, Friedman Test), with following results:1. Some 87, 1% of the secondary school students with anxiety were average and above average level.; There is significant difference between the exam anxiety and the worry components and excitability. The comparison of the mean points of exam anxiety components indicated that indicated that the student's worry level is higher than excitability level. 2. Bye comparison of emotion expression methods we can predict the student's exam anxiety level. The power of predicting the ambivalence styles in emotion expression is higher than excitement control style, and the power of predicting the excite control styles is more than excitement expression styles.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the creer pathologies and problems of Isfahan municipality personnel. The statistical population of this study was composed of the personnel of Isfahan municipality in 2005-2006. For this purpose, 166 persons were selected though random sampling. They were evaluated by vocational pathology questionnaire. The questions for this study were: 1- what are the intrapersonal problems, of The municipality personnel? 2- what are the interpersonal problems, of the municipality personnel? 3- what are the meta personal problems, of the municipality personnel?Result showed that ...... In intrapersonal problems, the municipality personnel suffer from emotional problems and boring environments.... In interpersonal problems, the municipality personnel suffer from communication with the clients in areas regarding different educational and cultural levels, being in hurry, and being non familiar with the administrative rules.... and in meta personal problems, the municipality personnel had some-problems in organization, lack of acceptance of their personnel's suggestions, criticizesm of the personnel in a wrong way, and problems in all items relating the salary and job security, in vocational roles, they had problem in naive persons for the job, and in job's effects upon the individual's diseases, and in of ratio one or more physical disease, they showed serious problems.