JOURNAL OF BABOL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (JBUMS)
Year:2007 | Volume:9 | Issue:1 (36)|Papers Count:15

Background and objective: urtica dioica has been introduced with hypoglycemic activity in iranian traditional medicine. There are some reports with different results about the hypoglycemic activity of urtica dioica. This study was done to determine the protective effect of the hydroalcholic extract of urtica dioica leaves on hyperglycemia and regeneration of b-cells in hyperglycemic rats.Methods: In this experimental study, 30 wistar rats were allocated in groups of normal, diabetic and treatment. In treatment group, animals received hydroalcholic extract of urtica dioica 100 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally for five days and then hyperglycemia in rats induced by 80 mg/kg streptozotocin. The blood glucose concentration was measured by using a glucometer in 1st, 3rd and 5th weeks. In the end of 5th weeks the animals in each group were sacrificed by ether anesthesia and whole pancreas in three groups extracted and beta cells were counted in three groups by olympus microscope.Findings: Mean±SE of blood glucose concentrations in end of fifth weeks were 99.4±5.0, 454.7±34.5 and 303.6±50.56 in control, diabetic and treatment groups, respectively (p<0.05). The percentage of b-cells in control, diabetic and treatment groups were 73.6%, 1.9% and 22.9%, respectively. The percentage of b-cells in treatment group comparing with diabetic group was significant (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study showed that the protective administration of hydroalcholic extract of urtica dioica has hypoglycemic effect and regeneration of b-cells of langerhans in hyperglycemic rats.

Background and objective: Pistachio is an edible Plant with several benefits in traditional medicine. Previous studies have shown that different parts of this plant have medical implication. There are antraquinone, tanin and flavonoids in pistachio peel. This study was designed to assess the effect of red domestic pistachio peel aqueous extract (PPAE) on decreasing morphine withdrawal signs in male rats.Methods: In this experimental study 176 male NMRI rats weighting 200-250gr were selected. Animals were divided into 3 classes: a) acute injection of extract, b) acute gavage of extract, c) chronic gavage of extract. Rats were made dependent by adding various doses of morphine sulphate (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/ml each for 48 hours and 0.4 mg/ml during following days) to drinking water for 14 days.Findings: PPAE decreased the withdrawal signs. In comparison to the control group weight loss was significantly reduced at 50 mg/kg (p<0.05) and 100 mg/kg (p<0.000) doses of extract, head shake was significantly reduced at all doses of extract except at 50 mg/kg (at 12.5 mg/kg, p<0.01 and for other doses p<0.05) and wet dog shake significantly reduced at all doses except 6 and 50 mg/kg (at 12.5 and 400 mg/kg, p<0.001 and for other doses p<0.05). In acute gavage groups, extract only could decrease weight loss at 50 and 100 mg/kg in comparison to the saline group (at 50 mg/kg, p<0.01 and 100 mg/kg, p<0.01(.Conclusion: This study showed that ppae can reduce morphine withdrawal signs, when perform in injecting form. As our extract contains whole components of pistachio peel, so we don’t know which part is responsible for this effect. Complementary studies with the analysis of consistent are recommended for this purpose.

Background and objective: lacrimal obstruction is common and its treatment is problematic. Probing is being used for treatment of this condition but failure of therapy is relatively high. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of probing versus the same procedure with intraoperative injection of mitomycin-C in the treatment of lacrimal obstruction.Methods: this interventional study was conducted on 120 eyes from 106 subjects who referred to the department of ophthalmology of babol medical university from september 2004 to september 2006. These cases randomly divided into two groups (60 eyes in each group). The first group was treated by probing and the second group was treated by probing and intraoperative injection of 1 ml mitomycin C, 0.2 mg/ml. After treatment these cases were followed after one week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and one year later. Outcome of treatment in these two groups were compared.Findings: the mean age of patients in group one (45 females and 15 males) was 38±12 years and in group 2 (38 females and 12 males) was 35±14.2 years (p>0.05). One month after treatment, cure rate in group one was 55% and in group 2 was 96.6% (p=0.000). After one year, cure rate was seen in 40% cases in group 1 and in 95% cases in group 2 (p=0.000). Mean survival of success of therapy after one year in probing group was 5.7 months (95% CI, 4.33 to 7.07) and in probing with mitomycin C group was 11.52 months (95% CI, 10.97 to 12) (p=0.0001(.Conclusion: the results of this study showed that probing and intraoperative injection of mitomycin C is more efficacious than probing alone for treatment of lacrimal obstruction.

Background and objective: The feasibility of using peripheral angiography system in shahid beheshti hospital in babol for coronary angiography was the main goal of this study. The system was not supported by cine camera and just used rapid film changer. We used a PC -based digital save and display system for coronary angiography.Methods: Using the BNC connector, the image signal was sampled via V-out port on the monitor. A VCd card pinacel DC 10 t was used as capture card for impedance matching between monitor and PC system.Findings: The renal and coronary dynamic angiography film and images were recorded and displayed using the above set up. According to cardiology and radiology experts’ point of view, the images were relatively good.Conclusion: The feasibility of PC- based coronary image saving and displaying system was cost- effective. However further work is needed to be done on image quality.

Background and objective: Dentin hypersensitivity is a common problem in periodontal patients. Today, different methods could be used to reveal symptoms or treat this problem such as sodium fluoride or potassium nitrate gel. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of these two materials.Methods: In a double-blind clinical trial, 70 of 30-50 year old patients with primary dentin hyper sensitivity and symptoms of dentin hypersensitivity referred to periodontology department of dental faculty and were selected via simple random sampling. Used gels were sodium fluoride 1.23%, potassium nitrate 5% and placebo. Treatment was done once a week for 4 weeks. Teeth were examined in day 0, once a week in the first month and once a month until 3 months and patient symptoms were graded using visual analog scale.Findings: All groups showed rational decrease in dentin hypersensitivity (between 3-5 grade) (p>0.05) but in follow-up, effect was stable only in sodium fluoride and potassium nitrate groups and in placebo gradually hypersensitivity was recurred. There was no significant difference between groups in any time period (p=0.05). Also there is no significant difference between sexes and treatment gels (p>0.05(.Conclusion: Gels with effective materials can cause a decrease of dentin hypersensitivity compared to placebo. But these effects were stable after treatment for effective gels and diminished in placebo group.

Background and objective: bipolar mood disorder type I, a major psychiatric disorder with one percent prevalence is as the same as schizophrenia. With regard to high disability rate of bipolar mood disorder type I, suicide, relation problems in the family and society and high cost of its therapy, searching for a way for prevention of bipolar mood disorder type I is necessary. The aim of this study was to determine an association between breast feeding during infancy and bipolar mood disorder type I.Methods: This case-control study was performed on 200 patients (100 cases and 100 controls) without family history of major psychiatric disorders. Research instruments were 3 questionnaires including breast feeding, Delphi socioeconomic status and stressful life events questionnaire.Findings: Twelve percent of case group and 8 percent of controls didn’t have breast feeding. Thirty nine percent of cases and 38 percent of controls fed more than one year and 17 percent of cases and 24 percent of controls had exclusive breast feeding. No significant association between breast feeding and bipolar I mood disorder is found.Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of omega 3 fatty acids in the psychiatric disorder is confirmed, the preventive role of it, in this research, was not known. With respect to multifactorial etiology of this disorder, psychosocial and prenatal factors may be causative in the development of BMDI.

Background and objective: Seizure is one of the most common neurologic problems which have higher prevalence in childhood and old age. Prevalence of seizure in society has been estimated to be 1-2 percent. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and etiology of tonic-clonic and myoclonic seizures in children.Methods: This analytical and descriptive study was done on 300 patients with tonic-clonic and myoclonic seizures admitted to amirkola children hospital in 2002-2003. Data including age, sex, type of seizure, etiology, and history were collected.Findings: Prevalence of tonic-clonic and myoclonic seizures was 300 cases (3.7%) among the 8000 visited patients. Tonic-clonic seizure was seen in 276 cases (92%) and myoclonic in 24 cases (8%). Etiology of seizure in 163 cases (54.3%) was idiopathic, in 86 cases (28.6%) was structural brain damage, in 21 cases (9.7%) was metabolic disorders, in 13 cases (4.3%) was head trauma, in 12 cases (4%) was drug withdrawal and in 4 case (1.3%) was delivery problem (trauma & torch(.Conclusion: The result of this study showed that the common type of seizure is tonic-clonic and the most common cause is idiopathic.

Background and objective: Periodontal diseases are infections that affect the alterations in the cytokine, which could result in preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, and probably preterm birth. The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal examination in mothers with preterm deliveries and comparing these findings with those mothers with term deliveries.Methods: This study was done on 201 pregnant women referring to Mahdieh hospital in Tehran. The mean age was 23.5 years. One hundred two women were considered as case group (women who had preterm delivery) and 99 women were controls (women who had term delivery). Bleeding index (Cowell Index), Debri index (green & vermillion index), and clinical attachment level were examined for each subject within 72 hours after delivery. Also the frequencies of tooth brushing had been noted and it was considered if subjects had ever gone to dentistry during their pregnancies. Data were analyzed with t- test and Mann-Whitney test.Findings: A significant difference was found in bleeding index, Debri index and clinical attachment level (p<0.05). Distribution of tooth brushing frequencies in 24 hours, for both groups was the same. There was no significant difference in patient’s referral to dentistry during their pregnancies in the two groups (p=0.112(.Conclusion: It can be concluded that periodontal disease can be associated with preterm delivery.

Background and objective: The thalassemias are a diverse group of genetic blood diseases characterized by absent or decreased production of globin chains. Clinical studies about b-thalassemia major patients, has shown an increase in prevalence of dental caries. The purpose of this study was to determine oral health and biochemical status of saliva in thalassemia major patients.Methods: Thirty one thalassemia patients and 31 healthy persons who were the same according to age, sex, socio-economic status and exposure to fluoride, were examined for dental caries (DMFT) and oral hygiene conditions (OHI-s). Two ml of unstimulated saliva was collected from each subject and the biochemical compositions (calcium, phosphorous, potassium, sodium, magnesium, urea, total protein) were measured.Findings: The mean of DMFT in thalassemia patients (5.26±4.16) was higher than control group (2.65±1.91) (p=0.003). In thalassemia patients, the calcium concentration (4.38±1.25) was lower than control group (5.23±1.18), but the phosphorus concentration (19.15±5.87) was higher than the control group (15.73+5.24) (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the mean of OHI-s and concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium, urea and total protein between two groups.Conclusion: changes in ions concentrations can be a result of more dental caries in these patients.

Background and objective: Self-esteem is the most important factor in the spiritual growth and has an important effect on the mental process, emotion, aptitude, values and goal of person. Sport makes the person feel self sufficient and increase his/her efficiency. The sufficiency and efficiency can cause a feel in control of life and enhance self-esteem. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of regular exercise program on self esteem of nursing students.Methods: This clinical trial study was done on 80 students who lived in a dormitory. They were randomly divided into control and case groups. In case group, regular exercise program was done for 8 weeks and in control group no interference occurred. The amount of self esteem was measured before and after study and compared to each other. Coppersmith self esteem scale was used in this study.Findings: The mean of nursing students’ self esteem in case group before and after regular exercise program was 93.1±8.2 and 111.4±8.1, respectively and in control group before interference was 91.2±7.9 and in the end of study was 92.4±6.3. Also, the results showed that after interference, the difference in the average for self esteem scores in control and case groups was -1.5±3.8 and 9.9±4, respectively. The differences in the average of self esteem scores in case and control groups were statistically significant (p<0.001(.Conclusion: the results showed that regular exercise program can increase student’s self esteem. So, considering fulfillment facility, benefits of physical activity and no serious side effect, using sport as a factor for enhancing self esteem and physical and mental health of students is suggested.   

Background and objective: Aluminum phosphide (rice tablet) poisoning is quite common in northern Iran. This poisoning leads to the death of the victim in most occasions. The aim of this study was to report two survivors of aluminum phosphide poisoning.Cases: case 1: An 18 year old female was admitted to emergency ward of shahid beheshti hospital in 2003, she had abdominal pain, vomiting and severe hypotension. The ABG (arterial blood gas) was indicative of severe metabolic acidosis, meanwhile she had hyperglycemia. The combination of findings raised the possibility of DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) for which she was managed initially. After an hour her detailed history disclosed that she had ingested one alp (aluminum phosphide) tablet. She was managed by continuous infusion of bicarbonate, dopamine, also she received calcium and magnesium intravenously and transferred to ICU ward. In a few hours she developed respiratory insufficiency and was put on respirator. Her subsequent course was complicated with multi organ damages but finally she was discharged in a good health condition after 22 days of stay in hospital.Case 2: A 23 year old male was admitted to emergency ward of yahyanejad hospital in 2006 with a history of ingestion of 2 alp tablets. He had hypotension and metabolic alkalosis, in a short time the hypotension became profound and there was a shift toward metabolic acidosis. In this case olive oil was added to the conservative management. Later he developed cardiac arrhythmias and severe hypoxemia which was managed and accordingly, he was discharged from the hospital after 10 days.Conclusion: Aluminum phosphide poisoning is a common and extremely fatal condition. In this poisoning most of the victims die as a result of its serious complication leading to multiorgan failure. Proper management of these patients including early ICU admission, correction of hemodynamic, acid-base disorder and electrolyte disturbances will improve final outcome of those affected by this lethal toxin.