Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
Year:2016 | Volume:20 | Issue:80 |Papers Count:8

The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the terms of trade volatility and export instability on economic growth of Iran and a number of selected Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries separately.In this study, the Johan­ sen Juselius cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), have been used to examine the relationship between long-term and short-term term effects of trade volatility, export instability and investments, on economic growth during the period of 1359 to 1392 (2013-1980).The estimation results demonstrate that in the long term, fluctuations in the terms of trade has a negative and significant impact on economic growth of Iran, Morocco, while its impact on economic growth of Jordan is less significant. The export instabil­ ity has also significant negative effect on economic growth of Iran and Morocco and significant positive effect on economic growth in Jordan. The results of Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) for Iran also represent small and insignificant coefficients in the short term. Although in the two countries of Morocco and Jordan, the coefficient indicates that GDP adjusts slowly towards the long-run equilibrium.

Aim of this paper is to analyze economic effects of credit policies on major economic sectors in Iran’s Economy. We have run an econometric system of equations using seemingly unrelated regression method for annual data in 1973-2012 period. Our results show that in agriculture and specially manufacturing sectors, rather than loan interest rates, “availability of loans”have crucial importance in Encouraging investment decisions. Also we found that availability of capital goods imports as a channel of foreign technology transmission to home country has an important role in investment decisions, especially for Iranian manufacturing sector. Finally using descriptive statistical analysis we found that to encouraging investment decisions increasing “availability of loans” is more effective than administrative control of interest rates.

The restriction of managers and executive manager authorities in relation to a joint stock company according to the Articles of association or Approvals of General Assembly is one of the most Common problems in this Field of study.Invalidity, credibility and citation ability of it before the third parties always have been at issue0 furthermore in our legal system text of law in this Field are sporadic and partially vague, also Doctrine and judicial procedure are uncoordinated. According to commercial act that enacted in 1347 and critique and Justification of the judicial procedure company cannot invokes to the restriction of managers and executive manager authorities. But about the measures that are out of the subject of company, Broad interpretation of article 270 of that act can authorize the validity of the Action that Individuals with Good will have Performed, or Announced that the act is invalid but company and managers are responsible toward the third party who has Good will. Regarding to executive manager Although The law Assumes that he is the agent of company but since managers manage the Affairs of company and According to the act They should do their Affairs via executive manager, It can be said alike the managers unusual restrictions on the actions of executive managers are invalid toward the third parties.However it can be said that the action is invalid but the third party could get damages from company and executive managers according to The civil liability rules

The aim of this study was to develop a multi sector dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (Large DSGE) model of the economy. In this model economy is divided into three sectors: agriculture, non-agriculture and oil. In addition, imports and exports are in the model (open economy). To implement the model of economic conditions, stickiness prices in agriculture and non-agricultural entered. Then, three shocks including: increasing productivity in agriculture sector, rising oil prices and monetary policy on the agricultural sector were examined. To calculate the required coefficients, data of the period 1971-2012 are gathered and was used Bayesian method for estimation. in sum, the results show that productivity shocks more positive effect on macroeconomic variables of the agricultural sector. Because this shocks will increase production, exports, consumption and investment in agriculture sectore and will also reduce inflation and imports.

The aim of this study was to identify clusters, the dimensions and components supplier selection for ceramic tile company in Iran. For this purpose, the criteria of supplier selection that have been most frequently among the proposed measures in previous studies, were the basis for defining the desired dimensions. In this study, 86 companies of ceramic tiles in Iran were selected and using the cluster analysis of the companies discussed and then use the appropriate combination of the diagnostic analysis of samples were measured. The results showed companies in the ceramic tile can be placed in three sets of criteria for supplier selection and used dominant strategies by companies for selecting the right supplier of ceramic tiles are available in a two-dimensional screen "technology - quality" and "cost".The study also examined the firm's business performance and the results showed that three extracted clusters from tile companies, in terms of overall business performance significantly different from each other.

This paper investigates the determinants of intra-regional Agriculture trade intensity in ECO during 1993-2012. We use a general gravity model that focus on gravity variables and likewise other important variable including agricultural similarity, fiscal supporting policy similarity and trade openness. The results indicate that bilateral real exchange rate and trade openness increase intra-regional Agriculture trade intensity, while cross GDP per capita, exchange rate volatilities and distance decrease it. Of course, the effect of distance has is not significant. Also, more agricultural dissimilarity between a pair of countries induces the higher agricultural trade intensity. In other words, the Heckscher-Ohlin theory is confirmed for agricultural trade in ECO region. Likewise, more fiscal supporting policy similarity causes to increase agricultural trade intensity among ECO members.

Recently, Environmental issues are noteworthy as one of the upcoming challenges for developed and industrialized countries and in order to obtaining financial goals, more market shares via decreasing of environmental risk impact, Green Supply Chain Management has been introduced as a new approaches in organizations. Regarding to identification and ranking of barriers and obstacles green supply chain deployment in Small and Medium Enterprises of Qazvin state, current research has been done. Descriptive –Exploratory from survey type has been utilized as research method and from point of goal, it contains in applied researches based on Structural Equation Modeling.Statistical Sample includes Elites, Experts and practitioners of SMEs supply chain in Qazvin State. In order to data gathering, questionnaire has been applied. Due to analyzing of the data, Conformity Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling via Softwares such as LISREL and SPSS has been used. identified barriers has been prioritized in order of importance.Research conclusion depicted first level barriers includes organizational, environmental and individual had first, second and third place in ranking. Second level barriers includes Managerial, governmental, technical, awareness, competitive, religious and economic are main identified barriers versus establishment and implementation of supply chain management in Qazvin state SMEs.