KNOWLEDGE AND DEVELOPMENT
Year:2001 | Volume:- | Issue:12|Papers Count:6

All the people are related with marketing in their life. The living standard of the people has devloped by marketing. Many people think that marketing is the same as sale, but in fact the marketing effort is being done before and after of sale. Marketing practicaly includes many activities such as marketing research, good extention, distribution, pricing, personal selling etc. and the aim is to satisfy buyers needs and in the same time to reach to the organisational goals. Marketing management is consisting of analysis, planning, performance, and controling of planned activities for making and creation, and keeping of barters and usefull mutual relation with other markets for reaching to organisational goals. Reaching to this goal depends on distinct regular analysis of needs, conclusions, demands and preferences of goal market and their middlemen as basis and infrastructure for influence decision making for goods, price, relations and distribution.

The Objective of this paper is to study effective factors on supply-side and demand-side of labor market (case study of Khorasan,s labor market) during the Third development plan. To achive this, in the first, effective factors on labor supply have been studied and worked out the amount of increased labor supply in the province during the period under study. Then demand-side of the market has been investigated and potential demand labor has been forcasted by using different methods. At the end, I the paper presents several suggestions regarding employment of graduates and other youths.

A Survey on the return of stock of accepted companies in Tehran stock exchange and the effect of common stock re-issuing for capital increasement. This survey is on: A) relation between the prcentage of capital increasement and return of accepted stocks in exchange. B) The relation between percentage of capital increasement and the deviation between theorical and real price of stocks. C) The relation bhetween earning per share (EPS) and capital increasement (in diffrent industries). D) The relation between the repayment of debts by capital increasement and the changes in return of stocks. The hypothesis tests results: A) The main hypothesis test shows that there is an incomplete direct relation between return of stocks and the percentage of capital increasement. B) Sub - hypothesis: 1) The relation between percentage of capital increasement and percentage of capital increasement. 2) There is an incomplete direct relation between (EPS) and the percentage of capital increasement. 3) The correlation between EPS and percentage of capital increasement in different industries is not the same. 4) The average of return of stock in companies which have used their capital increasement to repay their debts are lower than the ones which have not used it to repay their debts. Suggestions for further researches: deeper and more precise investigations is neccessary for analysing the effects of efficient factors on the differences of correlation between EPS and capital increasement in different industries as shown in this survery. For example this correlation in food and non - metalic mineral industries is 80 and 60 percent and in other industries like radio, television, wood and paper is -61 and -40 percent.

At first, in this writting loans have been divided to necessary and unnecessary, particulars of them have been specified and scientific criterion has been introduced for recognition of them. Then by koranic and traditional reasons I have proved that prohabited Reba is limited to the necessary loans. If someone gives unnecessary loan to the others, he can take interest for his lending and it is not prohibition. At last, I have indicated applied conclusions of this opinion at the Islamic bank.