Armaghane Danesh
Year:2016 | Volume:21 | Issue:7 (114)|Papers Count:9

Background & aim: Early feeding after cesarean section can have beneficial effects, however, no sufficient study has been conducted in this area. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of early feeding on the gastrointestinal complications in women after cesarean section and comparing it with a regular diet.Methods: The present randomized-clinical-trial study was conducted on 160 women who admitted to Shohada hospital and underwent cesarean section in 2011-2012. The inclusion criteria included women with gestational age more than 37 weeks, singleton pregnancy, having at least 8 hours of fasting, and regional anesthesia (spinal cord), respectively. After registration of demographic characteristics and pregnancy, women were randomly divided into two groups: Early feeding (2 hours after completion of the operation, 250 ml filtered juice, tea and biscuits style regime in the next 2 hours and 2 hours after the usual diet) and the usual power (8 hours of operation clear liquid diet the day after the usual diet) groups. Presence of gastrointestinal symptoms in 2, 4, 8 and 12 hours after surgery, time to the bowel sounds auscultation, passage of flatus and stool were recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version13.The significance level of p-value was considered<0.05.Results: The prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal distension, feeling of flatulence and abdominal cramp) was significantly higher at 2 and 4 hours after operation and in early feeding group and after 8 hrs. in surgery of normal diet respectively (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in symptoms between the two groups observed 12 hours after surgery (p<0.05). The bowel sounds auscultation and passage of flatus were recorded earlier in early feeding group (P=0.001), while the recorded time for passage of stool was not different between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: Early feeding caused the acceleration of gastrointestinal symptoms, earlier bowel sounds auscultation and earlier utilization of gas. It is recommended to investigate the different diets and examined the level of compliance and satisfaction.

Background & aim: Nowadays, Iranian lifestyles are changing, especially children may be effected by the increase of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that different methods of exercise are the most important determinants of cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study was to survey the lipid profile, insulin resistance, and adiponectin levels following eight weeks of endurance, strength and combined training in inactive obese children.Methods: The present quasi-experimental field was conducted on Sixty obese male children (age: 8-12 years, BMI between 30-35 kg/m2 according to the World Health Organization) who were purposefully selected and randomly divided into four experimental groups of 15 individuals including endurance exercise, resistance exercise, combined exercise and control. Exercise training programs were performed four times a week for eight weeks. To assess variable changes, ANOVA with repeated measurement and one way ANOVA was used.Results: Results showed that after three types of exercise training the BMI, total chlostrol, TG, LDL, VLDL, and insulin resistance significantly decreased in experimental groups compared to control group (P=0.001). Serum HDL and adiponectin was significantly increased after different training in experimental groups in comparison to control group (P=0.001).Conclusion: According to the findings, it is suggested that among three types of exercise applied in this study, particularly, endurance training is use to prevent and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and obesity-related disorders in inactive obese children.

Background & aim: Some bacterial metabolites isolated from fermentative products have antibacterial properties against food spoilage bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of the isolated strains of traditional Armenian dairy products including cheese and traditional yogurts (Matson) and Richal shiri as a traditional dairy products from Iran.Material and method: In the present experimental study, bacterial strains were isolated, and subsequently the antibacterial activity of supernatants of strains on several types of spoilages bacteria such as Salmonella was assessed. In addition, isolated strains from Rachel shiri showed a good antibacterial properties against Salmonella typhimurium.Results: The isolated strains were significantly reduced food contamination and increased the shelf -life. Furthermore, isolated strains from Richal shiri showed a good antibacterial properties against Salmonella typhimurium Conclusion: LAB strains isolated with appropriate inhibition, fermented power as a natural preservative and pragmatic as new products may be used in the dairy industry.

Background & aim: Acute spinal cord injury is a devastating damage that can cause a lot of motor and sensory deficits and reduce the quality of life and life expectancy of patients. Stem cell transplantation can be one of the promising therapeutic strategies. Bone marrow is a rich source of stem cells that is enable to differentiate into various cell types. Due to the fact that thousands of people around the world suffer from spinal cord injuries there has been not found effective treatment for them until now. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the differentiation and function in bone marrow stem cells transplanted into mice with spinal cord injury has been done.Methods: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were Isolated from femurs and tibias of three mice and cultured. The mesenchymal properties of cells were investigated by morphology, differentiation into adipoblast and cell surface markers using RT-PCR. Thirty six Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control, sham and experimental. Control group received no treatment. In sham group, mice were subjected to spinal cord compression in dorsal area and did not receive any treatment and In experimental group, one day after lesion, 3rd passage of bone marrow stem cells (2×105) were injected intravenously. Then assessment of locomotor function was done in open field by Toyama Mouse Score (TMS) durig 5 week post-injury. The collected data was analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests.Results: TMS score in both experimental and sham groups was lower than the control group, while it significantly increased after 5th week in experimental group compared to the sham group (p<.001).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that bone mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in rats with acute spinal cord injury can lead to improved motor function after injury.

Background & aim: Medicinal plants with natural active substances and with lower side effects could be used as effective drugs in the treatment of many diseases. In recent years, the effects of reducing blood sugar, lipids, pain relief back pain ofDucrosia anethifolia has have been reported.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract ofDucrosia anethifoliaon Testosterone hormone and the histological changes of testicle in male adult rats.Methods: The present experimental study was conducted on 56 male adult Wistar rats. The animals were divided into five groups: the control group (without treatment), the sham group (received the solution via gavage for 21 days). The experimental group 1, 2, 3 received hydroalcoholic extract of Ducrosia anethifolia with 140, 280, 560 mg/kg dose per the body weight were gavaged for 21 subsequent days. On 22nd day, the animals were euthanized and the rat testes placed in 10% formalin for evaluating the histological changes. The 5 micron- sections from testicle were provided and stained by the hematoxylin - eosin method. The blood serums were collected and the level of testosterone was measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software and Duncan test and ANOVA at the significant level (p<0.05).Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant decrease in the number of spermatocytes, spermatids, spermatozoa and testosterone levels in Groups 1, 2 and 3 compared with the control group and the sham group.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the Ducrosia anethifolia extract reduces the number of germ cells, the level of testosterone and spermatogenesis in male Wistar rats.

Background & aim: Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a disabling disorder that affects one's performance, while the effectiveness of cognitive - behavioral therapy has been shown in several studies, but recurrences of the disease is reported by patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy and choice theory and obsessive-compulsive disorder on patients referred to psychological clinics in Arak, Iran.Methods: In the present case study, 3 females diagnosed with OCD on the bases of Yale-Brown scale (Y-BOCS) were chosen. They were trained 8 sessions which included cognitive-behavioral treatment and choice theory. Five sessions of 8 sessions were on the bases of cognitive behavioral therapy and other sessions were on the basis of choice theory. Finally, the results were presented using tables and graphs.Results: The results of the Yale-Brown scale (Y-BOCS) was used as a pretest and posttest assessment and self-report form (Report of the clients who had a 5-degree scale) demonstrated the effectiveness of integrating of two cognitive-behavioral and choice theory.Conclusion: According to the results, it was concluded that people with knowledge of the choice and intrinsic motivation in the using cognitive-behavioral trainings (Relaxation, recognition of cognitive distortions, avoiding the respondents) are efficient in reducing symptoms of obsessivecompulsive will operate. Combining of these two approaches in advancing therapeutic targets in the treatment of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder can be effective.

Background & aim: The prevalence of obesity and overweight in the female students aged 7 to 12 in Yasuj is not well known. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate the association among lifestyle status with obesity and overweight prevalence in girl students aged 7 to 12 in Yasuj.Methods: The present cross-sectional descriptive study was ran on 352 (girls) students aged 7-12 years old.The subjects were selected via a step-wise random sampling. Height and weight of the subjects were measured by standard methods and body mass index (BMI). Overweight and obesity were defined on the 85th and 95th percentiles of BMI for age and sex as proposed by Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Lifestyle status and family conditions were collected by a standard Baecke questionnaire. Correlations between the variables were determined by the Spearman correlation.Results: The prevalence of obesity, overweight and underweight in 7-12 years old students were 6.5%, 22.1% and 13.3% respectively. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between BMI with parent’s BMI in 7 years old students, a significant relationship between BMI with daily commute to school in 8 years old students, a significant relationship between BMI with fast foods and chips consumption pattern in 9 years old students, a significant relationship between BMI with father’s educational levels, fathers’ BMI and time spend for exercise in 10 years old students, significant relationship between BMI with father’s educational levels, fathers’ BMI, watching TV, fast foods, cola and chips consumption pattern and time spend for exercise in 11 years old students and significant relationship between BMI with fathers’ BMI and watching TV in 12 years old students (P<0.05). Generally, there were inverse relationships between BMI with time spend for exercise and positive relationship between BMI with fast foods consumption pattern and father’s BMI (P<0.05). On the other hand, no significant relationship was observed between BMI with daily commute to school, rank of birth, number of families, parent’s educational levels, mother’s BMI and sitting activities.Conclusion: the results of the study showed that the consumption of fast foods and engaging in physical activity and body mass index is the main factors in determining of school girls aged 7 to 12 years in Yasuj. Thus, the need for greater mobility and improve nutritional patterns are emphasized.

Background & aim: There are many mechanisms for the development of human resources, which career development is one of its central components. The aim of this study was to determine the factors related to career development faculty members (Medical and Non-medical) of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran.Methods: The present paper was a cross-sectional, descriptive correlation method study. The study population consisted of 535 faculty members (medical, government, NGOs) in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer province, Iran, of which 400 participants were randomly selected for the present study.Data were collected through standard questionnaires as a research tool, of career development, career planning and career management for data analysis and statistical tests including linear regression, t-test, regression, and correlation coefficient was used.Results: Career development status and its related factors (Career management and career planning) scientific faculty members was desirable. The findings show that between career planning and career management, career development, a significant positive correlation was observed (P<0.05). So that 33.3% of the planned changes of career path development was related to career path planning, and 16.2% of career path development change was related to career path management.Conclusion: The results indicate that the design and implementation of individual career planning and career management career by leading the development of the organization. These three lead to the realization of collaborative environment, work-life balance, organizational justice, organizational learning and organizational evaluation of individual activities which are helpful and effective.