Armaghane Danesh
Year:2016 | Volume:21 | Issue:2 (109)|Papers Count:10

Background & aim: In the recent decades, many researches have been conducted to prevent destructive effects of gamma-ray on the body tissues. One of these researches is the use of radioprotector before radiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of para-amino propiophenone (PAPP) on variation of gonadotropin hormone and testosterone.Methods: The present experimental study was conducted on 70 adult male Wistar rats. The mice were divided into 10 groups of seven. The Control group only received food and water and the Sham group received solvent (ethanol 96%). 10, 20, 40 mg/ kg of PAPP were injected to groups3, 4 and 5respectivly. Group 6 was induced by gamma-ray (2greys). Group of 7 was given 1 ml of ethanol, after a half an hour they were influenced by gamma-ray (2 greys). Groups 8, 9 and 10 received 10, 20, 40 mg / kg of PAPP respectively. After a half an hour the mice were influenced by gamma-ray (2greys). All injections were done for 3 days. At the end of experiment blood samples were collected from all groups to measure their testosterone, FHS and LH hormones. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Duncan's test.Results: In treatment group with 2 Gy of gamma radiation, hormone levels of LH, FSH and testosterone in comparison with the control group significantly decreased (p<0.05). In the groups treated by para-amino Propiophenone (PAPP) and gamma-ray (from low to high concentrations), the level of testosterone, FHS and LH hormones gradually increased, so that at maximum level, the hormone level reached to control level.Conclusion: PAPP was able to reduce damage caused by gamma radiation on the level of testosterone, LH and FSH. The protective effect was dose-dependent. It seems that PAPP protects cells and tissues from destructive effects of free radicals which are maintained under the influence of gamma radiation.

Background & aim: Exercise is an important component of health and an integral approach to the management of diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of intense interval training and concurrent resistance- endurance training on fasting sugar, insulin and insulin resistance in women with mellitus diabetes.Methods: Fifty-two overweight female diabetic type 2 patients (aged 45-60 years old with fasting blood glucose≥126 mg/dl) were selected to participate in the present study. Participants were assigned to intense interval training group (N=17), concurrent resistance- endurance training group (N=17) and control group (N=18). The exercises incorporated 10 weeks of concurrent resistance- endurance training and intense interval training. Fasting blood sugar, serum insulin concentrations levels were measured. Concurrent training group trained eight weeks, three times a week of endurance training at 60% of maximum heart rate (MHR) and two resistance training sessions per week with 70% of one repetition maximum (1-RM). Intense interval training group trained for eight weeks, three sessions per week for 4 to 10 repeats Wingate test on the ergometer 30s performed with maximum effort. The control group did no systematic exercise. At the end of experiment 42 subjects were succeed and completed the study period, and 10 subjects were removed due to illness and absence in the exercise sessions. Fasting blood sugar and insulin levels 24 hours before and 48 hours after the last training session was measured. Results: The findings indicated that in periodic fasting, the blood sugar in intensive training group had a marked decrease (p=0.000) however, the fasting blood sugar of exercise and power stamina groups reduced significantly (p=0.062). The results showed no significant difference between the groups (171/0 p =0.171). Fasting insulin (p<0.001) and insulin resistance (0001/0=p=0.001) in periodic intensive training group were significantly reduced after the exercise program. The results between groups indicated a marked difference in fasting insulin (p=0.036) and insulin resistance (p=0.008) respectively.Conclusions: Concurrent resistance- endurance training and the intensive training could have a positive effects on blood sugar levels, insulin and insulin resistance of women with diabetes mellitus.

Background & aim: Cyclophosphamide is an anti cancer drug which causes alkylation of DNA in cells. The side effects of cyclophosphamide are bone marrow damages and anemia. Hypericum perforatum is a medicinal plant which widely used in traditional medicine. In this study the hemotopoetic effect of Hypericum perforatum leaf extract (HPE) on bone marrow function and blood parameters in male rat were treated with cyclophosphamide was investigated.ethods: Forty two male Wistar rats with an average body weight of 220±25 gr were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=7): control group taking normal saline, 0.5ml/day, i,p), witness group taking cyclophosphamide (15mg/kg/day, i.p.), positive control group taking HPE (200mg/kg, i.p/day), treated groups 1, 2 and 3 recieved cyclophosphamide ,(15mg/kg/day, i.p. + 100mg/Kg, 200mg/Kg and 400mg/kg HPE /day for 10 days, i,p). At the end of study blood samples were collected from heart directly. RBC, WBC, Hct, Hb and PL were meseaured. Data are presented as mean±standard deviation and were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests.Results: The results indicated that cyclophosphamide caused damage on bone marrow, which in this case significantly reduced the number of blood cells and platelets in the group treated with cyclophosphamide (P<0.001). Blood parameters in the groups treated with HPE increased significantly compared with the group which received cyclophosphamide alone (P<0.001).Conclusion: The Hypericum perforatum hydoethanolic extract contains antioxidant and flavonoids compounds which could protect the bone marrow tissues against cyclophosphamide.

Background & aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder which effects 15.6 % of women in Iran. Licorice (Glycyrrhizaglabra L.) has phytoestrogenic and anti-diabetic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydro-alcoholic Licorice root extract on blood sugar, triglycerides and cholesterol in the rats with PCOS.Methods: In the present experimental study, 50 female puber Sprague dawley (180±20 gr) rats with regular sexual cycle were entered in the study. Studied groups included: first, the Normal group, receiving carrier (normal saline) (2 ml/kg) daily orally for 21 days. Then, the letrozole group which received letrozole (1 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline (2 ml/kg) for 21 days and then normal saline (2 ml/kg) daily orally for 30 days. The last groups, Treatment groups 1 and 2, which received letrozole (1 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline (2 ml/kg) for 21 days then hydroalcoholic extract of Licorice root (200 and 400 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline (2 ml/kg) daily, orally for 30 days respectively. To conclude, blood samples were collected from the heart and also the serum level of blood sugar, triglyceride and cholesterol was measured. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05).Results: The mean serum level of blood sugar increased in the Letrozole group compared to the normal group and decreased in the treatment groups compared to Letrozole group (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were seen in mean of serum level of triglyceride and cholesterol between all groups.Conclusion: The licoricecan extract improved the adverse side-effects caused by diabetese in polycystic ovary syndrome However, its effect on dyslipidemia in patients requiring further investigations.

Background & aim: Mirror therapy is a relatively new intervention which focuses on moving the defective part in front of the mirror. The intervention is proposed to be an important implement to improve stability during rehabilitation program of the amputee. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of 12 sessions of mirror therapy on postural control kinetic variables of amputees when manipulating sensory information.Methods: In the present quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and random group design, 14 below knee amputees (n=7 control and n=7 experimental) were enrolled. The experimental group engaged in 12 session of exercise therapy in front of mirror, but the control group just did their daily routine activities without any intervention. To asses postural control, Computerized Dynamic Posturography was used which shows the balance score according to two variables of stability and displacement of the center of gravity while manipulating sensory organization in 6 conditions (absence or presence of vision, presence or manipulation of vestibular and kinesthetic information). For data analysis, multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) with repeated measures and Bonferroni post-hoc test were used.Results: The results indicated that postural control improved in the experimental group compared to the control group in all six sensory manipulation conditions. The balance improvement in the mirror therapy group in the first condition (existence of three senses of vision, vestibular and kinesthetic) and second condition (elimination of sight and presence of vestibular and kinesthetic information) was higher than other circumstances. Balance scores were worse in condition 6 (manipulation of vestibular and kinesthetic) in the control group compared to other sensory conditions.Conclusion: Findings of the research revealed that 12 sessions of mirror therapy can improve balance in people with below knee amputations. Moreover, application of mirror in exercise sessions can reduce the amplitude of fluctuation and increase alignment and strategies, which helps promotion of balance control.

Background & aim: Psychological consequences of war, regardless of disruption in social functioning of the injured, bring about difficulties for the families of the injured and the larger society. Promotion of subjective well-being is one of the objectives of modern-day psychology. The present study aimed to study the effectiveness of forgiveness-based group intervention in the subjective well-being of the wives of war veterans.Methods: The population of the present study included all the wives of war veterans in Noorabad Mamasani, Iran. In this interventional study, 40 participants selected through convenience sampling from the above-mentioned population were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. The instruments used in the study were Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) The research design was pre-experimental involving a pretest and a post-test. Forgiveness-based group intervention was performed on the experimental group for 10 sessions, each lasting 90 minutes once a week. The control group received no instruction. At the end of the treatment, a post-test was administered to both groups. ANCOVA was used for data analysis.Results: The findings revealed that forgiveness-based group intervention promotes the subjective well-being (increase in positive emotions and satisfaction with one’s life and decrease in negative emotions) in the intervention group, compared with the control group. In the pre-test administered to the experimental group, mean and standard deviation of positive emotions, life satisfaction, and negative emotions were 34.70 and 3.26, 15.80 and 3.20, 24.85 and 5.09, respectively. In the posttest given to the same group, mean and standard deviation of the above-mentioned variables were 41.60 and 2.52, 19.15 and 2.41, 16.70 and 2.59, respectively.Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that it is possible to make use of forgiveness-based intervention to promote subjective well-being. Therefore, it could be said that forgiveness-based group intervention is effective in the subjective well-being of the wives of war veterans.

Background & aim: Marriage means common life wedlock with relative independency protection. It could be one of the most complex human relationships. Its stability could be strongly dependent on satisfaction and its quality. Using different psychological techniques and approaches, a lot of studies have been conducted to increase these marital indexes. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the role of choice theory training to couple and its effects on marital life satisfaction and quality of marital life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of reality therapy on marital satisfaction of married women employed at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences quality.Methods: The present study had a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group. The study population consisted of all employees married women of Yasuj university of Medical Sciences in 2014, which by random sampling 30 participants were selected and randomly assigned into two experimental groups for 2 months (8 sessions of 2 hours) of reality therapy training. Enrich marital satisfaction scale and Fletcher quality of marital life scale were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 and P value of 0.05.Results: The results indicated that the total mean scores in marital satisfaction in experimental groups (129.07±4.2) significantly increased compared to the control group (113.4±6.8). The mean differences in all subscales (with except of leisure time and relative sub scales) were significantly different. In quality of marital life, mean scores were significantly different between two groups (120.32±5.3 in experimental group against 101.2±7.28 for control group). Conclusion: The results indicated that training of reality therapy based on choice theory to couples could increase marital satisfaction and quality of life.

Background & aim: CYP2D6 enzyme is one of the most important members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily which play an important role in the metabolism of many drugs. The CYP2D6 gene presents a high allele heterogeneity that significantly stimulated many changes between individuals in a population, so that classified into extensive, intermediate, or poor drug metabolizers. The CYP2D6*4 allele is the most common polymorphic allele of CYP2D6 gene which due to a nucleotide change of G→A (G1934→A), resulting in a reduced or lack of activity of CYP iso-enzyme. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of CYP2D6*4 allele among patient and control groups and to find out the relationship of this polymorphism with the risk of ovarian cancer patients in Tehran.Methods: In the present case-control study, samples were collected in tubes containing EDTA. DNA is extracted from cancer tissue and blood controls group were performed. The frequency of CYP2D6*4 allele was determined among 120 patients who were admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital by PCR-RFLP method and then compared with 125 normal controls who visited the same center. The collected data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results: The results show that the prevalence of patients group with poor metabolism of drugs (PM) 13.3%, heterozygotes extensive metabolizer (HEM) 23.3% and extensive metabolizer (EM) was 63.3% respectively. The results indicated no significant association was seen between HEM and ovarian cancer risk (OR=1.27; CI 95% ; 2.85-0.56; P=0.55). Also no association was observed between PM and risk of this disease among the studied population (OR=0.75; CI 95%; 1.38-0.41; P= 0.36).Conclusion: There was no meaningful association between CYP2D6*4 allele which results in variations of G1934→A genetic polymorphism and ovarian cancer has been observed in the study population.