Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
Year:2008 | Volume:12 | Issue:48|Papers Count:16

The interrelationship between the trade globalization and government size rose after Roderick's study for OECD countries. In this paper, we are going to analyze the impact of trade globalization on government size in Iranian economy. We testified this subject by using the economic growth and openness of economy as two basic variables. We used econometric auto regression technique and variance analysis as a part of our methodology. The result of our paper shows that the government size in Iran during the period in question and on behalf of trade globalization has increased. So one policy implication of this study could be that: participating in trade globalization, although (other things being equal) does have its own benefits, it would have its own risks and special external costs as well. Hitherto, the policy makers along with going ahead in globalization trend should think to find out some reasonable solutions to combat its indispensable risks and costs.

In the progress of international capital mobility, most countries have taken long steps toward economic openness and FDI attraction to benefit further from international transactions. The objective of this research is thus to explore the role of economic openness in trade flows through its interacted effect on FDI inflows. Hence, a trade model is specified and estimated by the panel data method using data for 24 selected Asian-Pacific countries, which includes 12 East Asia-Pacific countries and 12 countries from the West Asia, over 1995-2005. According to the empirical result obtained, the interacted effect of openness and FDI on exports of sample countries has been significantly positive during the period under consideration. Therefore, an implication is that developing countries like Iran should move substantially toward outward-orientation strategy in order to facilitate conditions for deepening trade relations with their trade partners.

The aim of economic agencies is to maximize utilization subject to available resources that point to productivity and efficiency. Financial and monetary firms, especially Commercial banks have a significant and direct impact on economic and social development. In this article with regard to six Iranian commercial banks during in 2002 to 2006 periods, we analyze scale and technical efficiency and productivity changes of inputs, technology and management with data envelope analysis (DEA) technique and Malm-quist index. The Results show that "Mellat" Bank has the best efficiency and "Melli" Bank has the lowest technical efficiency. Also "Saderat" Bank has the best scale efficiency and "Refah" Bank has the minimum of that. Aggregate productivity indices show that total factor productivity variations in this duration is falling because of unfavorable technology especially in the last period. Finally, examinations show that main problem of Iranian banking system is managerial inefficiency and scale inefficiency has a small effect in this area.

The relationship of real exchange rate variation with industrial export in Iranian economy, as it links national economy to global economy, is of great importance. Hence, with regard to foreign exchange needs of country and non-stable foreign exchange earning of oil export, the export promotion strategy is the main strategy to attain sustainable development. The important role played by industrial export in development points to the important fact that industrial sector and industrial export have a special place and which, to reach to this target, real exchange rate and its variation has an important role. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to assess the effect of real exchange rate variation on the exports of selected sub-sectors of industrial sector, at 2 digit ISIC code (32, 35 and 37), during 1973(2)-2007(1) and estimation of how the export of these sub sectors are affected by real exchange rate in the short and long-run and simulating the effect of a shock to it on industrial export.

Recently, active corporations have experienced extreme changes in the area of world trade. With developing the concept of globalization and increasing competitions among companies, the corporations found out that keeping pace with these changes is necessary for survival in today markets. After a while, they realized that for being prosperous in market, they need not only to be fast and flexible themselves, but also their suppliers and their distribution network must be flexible and synchronized with them. Summing up all these thoughts gave birth to the new concept of "supply chain management" in the last decade. using suitable information systems for example: "product classification and codification system" has been considered as one of the winning strategies in world trade markets and is used by grand corporations worldwide.If all the elements of a supply chain use the same classification and codification system, noticeable improvements in chain's processes will be achieved, because of facilitation in data interchange.Today, there are different classification and codification systems; each of them has its specific characteristics and purposes, and organizations utilize them in accordance with their needs. As a result, since all the elements of the supply chain do not use the same codification system for doing their data interchange, no improvement in the supply chain is obtained. Therefore, establishment of a comprehensive information system of classification and codification of goods and services and allocating them a unique code for creation of a common language at the supply chain level, and at national level is obligatory.

This paper primarily seeks to study the possibility and degree of ran's potential in non - oil export to CIS countries in term of whole non - oil trade of these countries and the 21 sections of HS. The study is done using the ex - post data (import & export) of 12 countries including Iran and 11 CIS countries. The analysis method is based on using the combined indicators, including the Drysdel's modified index and UNCTAD proposed method, during 1999 - 2003. The results Show That Iran has many trade opportunities in non - oil export to CIS contries and it has Experienced a considerable increase in trade with them during the last decades.However, Iran can provide a reliable economic integration through strengthening the regional arrangements including the expanded intra - regional trade with them while securing its national interest. Regional cooperation with CIS countries, especially Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine can be a suitable opportunity for Iran.Given the results, reduced tariff barriers through providing different preferential tariff schemes will increase Iran's non - oil export to CIS countries.

Small Business'es in majority of developing countries including IRAN play an important role in trading system, GDP and job creation. Adoption of EC in this national economy section results in major and great benefits. Researchers in this paper try to investigate organizational readiness with a different view along with paying attention to market dynamics, EC benefits and risks and position of company in Rogers's innovation model on EC adoption in small business. A 46 items questionnaire was designed and sent to 7 industries. Response rate of research was 0.81 and reliability of research instrument by using Cronbach alpha calculated equal to 0.894. Results indicated 72% of sample have not website and only 2% have transactional website. Path analysis revealed that Organizational readiness, market dynamics, EC benefits and risks and position of company in Rogers's innovation model affect EC adoption in small Business’s. Effects decomposition showed total effect of organizational readiness, EC benefits, market dynamics, and company innovation and EC risks are: 0.457, 0.421, 0.404, 0.334, -0.153.

Recently we have observed some privatization of economic activities in iran. One of the most active institutions in this field is Sanat o Maadan Bank which have assigned some of its companies to private sector. In this article we investigate the situation of assigned companies after privatization. Hence after recognizing different appraisal performance models we choose EFQM and BSC models to extract appropriate criteria for appraisal. Finally we gathered data related to four perspectives of balance scorecard (BSC) model (financial, customer/market, internal process and grows & learning) about 14 companies after and before privatization. Then these data was analyzed by TOPSIS technique. According to final result we could say that while the performance of some of them have improved, there is a great risk for privatizing without prior student and proper controls and assistances.