Yafteh
Year:2019 | Volume:20 | Issue:4 (78) |Papers Count:15

Background: Women infected with human papillomavirus, especially types 16 and 18, are at risk of cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of papillomavirus-16 and-18 in women with cervical cancer using multiplex-PCR. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, after collecting blood samples, viral DNA was extracted using a Cinaclone kit, and PCR, with specific primers, was performed to detect HPV-16 and HPV-18. PCR products were analyzed by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: Of 60 samples, 19 were infected with HPV. The results showed that the frequency of genotype HPV-16 and HPV-18 was 8 (42. 1%) and 11 (57. 9%), respectively. Conclusion: The study showed that using PCR with specific primers for the detection of HPV-16 and HPV-18 is a convenient and accurate method. The results of this study indicate the relationship between HPV and cervical cancer.

Background: Kidney transplant patients should be regularly visited to prevent complications. A 42-year old female, who had received a kidney transplant 4 months previously, was admitted to hospital due to increased creatinine of up to 3. 5 mg/dl. She was first treated for a urinary infection, resulting in a decrease of creatinine level. Then a decreasing immunosuppressive dose was given, due to a BK positive result. A creatinine level increase resulted, and acute cellular rejection was reported in a kidney biopsy. Next methyl prednisolone was administered, and finally, creatinine level became normal.

Background: Antimicrobial peptides are one of the vital components of innate immunity in plants and animals. The identification and introduction of novel and effective peptide molecules to plants is a cost-effective way both to improve the resistance of crop plant species to pathogens, and to produce peptides for pharmaceutical applications by using recombinant DNA technology. Material and Methods: An expression construct containing the omiganan (MBI-226) antimicrobial gene sequence was cloned and used for tobacco and potato Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Following tissue culture, Polymerase chain reaction analysis (PCR) confirmed that some kanamycin resistant plants are transgenic. A number of transgenic plants, along with a non-transgenic control, were selected. Total protein was extracted from the transgenic plants, and the non-transgenic control, and was used for antimicrobial activity assay against some human pathogens, including; Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus epidermis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans using the disc diffusion method. Results: Total protein extract from transgenic plants was significantly (P<0. 05) able to inhibit the majority of bacteria growth, whereas non-transgenic total protein extract did not inhibit human pathogens growth. There was a significant difference (P<0. 05) between transgenic lines with respect to omiganan peptide activity. In contrary to gram-negative bacteria, omiganan peptide did not have a significant effect (P>0. 05) on human gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. Conclusion: The total protein from the omiganan-expressing peptide had a strong antibacterial activity against some human bacterial pathogens. By expression and purification of the omiganan peptide, the peptide could be used as an antibiotic to destroy pathogenic bacteria. This approach could open an opportunity to produce antibacterial peptides in plants for pharmaceutical applications.

Background: Studies have demonstrated the healing effects of Viscum album on sites of inflammation and injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Viscum album aqueous, alcoholic and acetone extracts on fibroblast cell proliferation in cell culture. Materials and Methods: Aqueous, alcoholic and acetone extracts of Viscum album were prepared. Fibroblast cells were obtained from the Pasteur Institute (Tehran, Iran) and kept under standard conditions. The cells were divided into control and test groups, and the groups were exposed to 1, 0. 1, 0. 01 and 0. 001 mg/ml of aqueous, alcoholic and acetone extracts of Viscum album. The effect of the extracts on fibroblast cell proliferation was evaluated using MTT assay. The data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results: The results indicated that fibroblast cell proliferation decreased significantly compared with the control group (P<0. 001) when exposed to 1mg/ml of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Viscum album. However, fibroblast cell proliferation increased significantly compared with the control group (P<0. 001) when exposed to 1mg/ml of acetone extracts of Viscum album. Extract concentration of 0. 1, 0. 01 and 0. 001 mg/ml had no significant effect on L929 cell proliferation. Conclusion: A high appropriate dose of acetone extract of Viscum album has stimulatory effects on L929 cell proliferation in cell culture. Therefore, it could play a significant role in the healing of sites of inflammation and injury.

Background: Cancer is a destructive and usually progressive disease while put too much stress on the patient's family and the society. Therfore, recognizing the factors which are effective in wellbeing of these patients is very influentioal and important to help to diminish the stress they are experience. This study was administered aimed to determine the relationship between coping strategies with the psychological well-being in women suffered from breast cancer Materials and Methods: This research was a descriptive-correlation study. The statistical population consiseted of all women with breast cancer who referred to Shahid Rahimi Hospital of Khoramabad (Cancer Department). Using convenient sampling method 300 patients were selected. To measure the variables, the psychological well-being questionnaire of Ryff and the coping strategies questionnaire of Lazarus were used. Data were analyzed in two descriptive and inferential levels by regression and correlation analysis and using SPSS software version 24. Results: Results indicated that there were significant relationships between the coping strategies and the psychological well-being among the women with breast cancer. But there was no relationship between Emotional coping strategy and psychological well-being. Conclusion: It is infered from the study results that there is the relationship between coping strategy and psychological well-being. The type of coping strategy used in stressful situations affects the psychological well-being of breast cancer. Considering these results designing the therapeutic and educational programs in area of identifying and applying adaptive coping styles could be helpful in increasing the psychological well-being of these patients.

Background: Evaluation of clinical skills is a key component of the nursing course education. This study aimed to compare the performance and feedback of nursing students on both the Objective Structured Clinical Examination(OSCE) and Traditional methods. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study which conducted in 2017, the number of 124 nursing students selected by consensus. Students were divided randomly into two equal groups of Traditional and OSCE. Then, their clinical skill performance in emergency nursing were evaluated using check list. After the exam, their feedback on the exams collected using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic, independent T-tests and chi-square test Results: Based on the results of the study, there was significant difference between the two groups in term of the score of CPR (CardioPulmonary Resuscitation) skills and total score of performance (p<0. 05). The subjects in OSCE group, also had better feedback on performance of OSCE method compared to Traditional one (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The findings of the study showed the better performance of students in the OSCE group, and their better feedback on OSCE test compared to the Traditional method. Therefore, it is recommended that the OSCE test be used to evaluate the nursing critical care performance.

Background: Malaria is one of the most important parasitic diseases, and is considered one of the important health issues in tropical and subtropical countries. The aim of this study was to determine the rate and type of infection of Anopheles mosquitoes by malarial parasites using Multiplex Nested-PCR in the South of Sistan and Baluchestan province. Materials and Methods: In the second half of 2017, 400 Anopheles mosquitoes were collected from Zahedan Medical Insecticide Check Centers located in villages around Nikshahr city. The mosquitoes were caught by hand-held methods in domestic (human and animal), natural and artificial outdoor places (Shelterpit). After DNA extraction, molecular analysis was performed using Multiplex Nested-PCR. Results: Of the 310 samples collected from parts of Lashar, Ahuran and the centre of Nik Shahr city, 6 samples (1. 5%) were found to be infected with Plasmodium vivacs, and 90 samples collected from the Fennoj and Bennett sections of the city had no infection. Samples containing plasmodium falciparum and a mixture of Plasmodium vivacs and Plasmodium falciparum were not detected in this study. Conclusion: The results show that in places where the transmission of both species of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum occur, the detection of malarial parasites by PCR can be a very useful complement to confirm microscopic diagnosis.

Background: Heat stress is a physiological reaction against environmental high temperatures. This study aimed to investigate the levels of heat stress in industrial and traditional bakeries of Khorramabad, Iran, using the WBGT index. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive/analytical/cross-sectional study. Khorramabad has 267 bakeries, 202 of which are industrial bakeries and 65 are traditional bakeries. 88 bakeries were selected using the simple random sampling method. Using the WBGT device, dry, wet, and globe temperatures and humidity were measured. Next, heat stress was measured using the WBGT index from July 22 to August 21 and in the hours (11: 30-13) in the workplace of the workers. Results: The results showed that traditional bakeries showed higher levels of heat stress than industrial bakeries. The mean WBGT index was 6. 69 ± 44. 49 ˚ C in traditional bakeries and 1. 52 ± 43. 38 ˚ C in industrial bakeries. The mean WBGT index value shows greater deviation from the permitted levels in traditional bakeries than in industrial bakeries. The analysis of the results using independent t-tests indicated that there were significant differences in terms of environmental wet temperatures, globe temperatures, humidity, and WBGT between industrial and traditional bakeries (p < 0. 05). Conclusion: In this study, heat stress levels were higher than standard which is indicative of the worrying condition of heat stress in the bakeries of Khorramabad. Therefore, it is essential to make plans to control heat stress in the bakeries of Khorramabad.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality and disability in Iran and obesity is considered as one of the main causes. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of aerobic training and turmeric supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight women. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 healthy non-athlete women with an average age of 23. 23± 2. 98 years were randomly divided into four groups of training-curcuma longa supplement (n=10), training-placebo (n=10), turmeric supplement (n=10) and placebo (n=10). Aerobic training program consists of three sessions of running per week with 45-55 percent of target heart rate for 8 weeks. Supplement group consumed 1 gr/day turmeric. Before and after the intervention, TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were measured. Results: All three groups (aerobic training, turmeric supplementation, and aerobic training + turmeric supplementation group) showed a significant reduction in weight, BMI, TC, TG and LDL and an increase in HDL (P<0. 05). Also, the results show that aerobic training + turmeric supplementation group compared with aerobic training, turmeric supplementation significantly caused reduction in TC, TG and LDL and an increase in HDL (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The results showed that 8 weeks of aerobic training with turmeric supplementation is more effective in the overweight women’ s cardiovascular risk factors and body composition than either aerobic training or turmeric supplementation alone.

Background: Aquaporins are the trans-membrane water channels which transport water on both sides of the plasma membrane. Aquaporin1, express in the apical membrane of epithelial cells of choroid plexus and has got the important role in cerebrospinal fluid secretion. In hydrocephalus and brain injuries, Aquaporin1 overexpress in central nervous system. Honey Bee Venom (HBV) contains a wide range of biologically active components with anti-inflammatory and inhibitory effects on Na+/K+ ATPase pump and protein kinase-C function. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of HBV on Aquaporin1 expression in epithelial cells of choroid plexus in lateral ventricles of rat brain in culture. Materials and Methods: After harvesting the choroid plexus tissue and performing the enzymatic and mechanical digestion, cells were seeded in DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% streptomycin penicillin. After one week, cells were treated for 24 hours with 0. 5, 2 and 4 μ g/ml of HBV. The effect of HBV on cells viability and Aquaporin1expression evaluated with MTT assay and flow-cytometry method (respectively). All experiments were done three times and data were analyzed using SPSS 16. 0 statistical software and P< 0. 05 was chosen as the level of significance. Results: the results of the MTT The result showed that 5. 7 μ g/ml HBV can induce an approximately 50% choroid plexus epithelial cells death. Due to the results of the flow-cytometry Aquaporin1 decreased as dose dependent manner after 24 hours from treating. Conclusion: Due to decreasing of the Aquaporin1 expression in HBV-treated cultured choroid plexus epithelial cells, HBV can be used in improving disease condition with increasing intracranial pressure.

Background: In recent years, in order to prevent the excessive use of antibiotics, researchers are paying more attention to nanoparticles with antibacterial properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized by the green method from the extract of the Hyssopus officinail against some of the gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli). Materials and Methods: For this experimental study, dry powder was prepared from Hyssopus officinail and Zinc acetate was used as a Zinc source. After synthesizing the nanoparticle via green method according to the protocol, concentrations of 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 μ g/ml were prepared. The blanc discs with above mentioned concetrations were placed on the plate of bacteria cultured on Muller Hinton Agar culture media. Antibiotic disc gentamicin was used as control. Results: The results showed that ZnO-NPs synthesized from the Hyssopus officinail extract at concentrations of 1000 and 2000 μ g/ml had a proper antimicrobial activity, so that the inhibition in the concentration of 2000 μ g/ml in E. coli and S. aureus were almost equal to the gentamicin. Conclusion: The results obtained from antibacterial property of ZnO-NPs synthesized from the Hyssopus officinail extract showed that there is a direct correlation between the concentration of nanoparticles and the elimination of bacteria.

Background: Hepatitis B is a common infectious disease leading to hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Studies have shown that serum levels of vitamin D and mir378 have a reverse relationship with the hepatitis B. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between vitamin D and miR-378 receptor polymorphism on vaccination non-response in pregnant women suffering from chronic hepatitis B. Materials and Methods: This study examined 150 subjects including subjects with vaccination history and without hepatitis B, and subjects with vaccination history and with hepatitis. Genomic DNA was extracted using a salt saturation method. Then, RFLP-PCR method and SSCP-PCR techniques were used for miR378 to determine the mutations of Vitamin D. The mutant frequency and its rate were determined using SPSS software. The mutant alleles' rate was determined by analysis of variance. Results: Results showed that there were no significant differences in mutant alleles between case and control groups in rs1544410 region (P=0. 119) and allele C can be considered as a biomarker for hepatitis B. There was significant difference between case and control groups regarding rs1076064 allele and genotypic frequency (P=0. 0037). Conclusion: It can be stated that rs1544410 polymorphism (P=0. 0037) could not have a significant role in hepatitis B. In other words, A/G frequency had a significant role in hepatitis B and only allele C could be considered as a biomarker for hepatitis B risk.