Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2001 | Volume:7 | Issue:4 (18)|Papers Count:13

Duplication of urethra is an uncommon and complex anomaly. Its various forms are caused due to different embryonic abnormalities. So far, no widely acceped classification is put fornard. Urethral duplications mostly occur in the sagital plane, one on top of the other, and rarely they lie side by side. The patient I am reporting here was a 29-year-old male, with complaints of puretic discharge from foramen above the meatus on glans from about 45 days ago. He was referred to Imam Reza Mospital in Birjand for treatment. He could remember the foramen from his childhood. ROS and PE were normal. Nothing special seemed important in his family history. He was hospitalized, underwent operation, and then discharged successfully.

This study is intended to investigate the role of calcium and vitamin D on the reduction of withdrawal symptoms in addicts. Based on a pilot study, we designed a clinical trial. Addicts referring to the Clinic for Detoxification in Mashad, Iran, were randomly assigned into two groups. The control group received only the routine regimen which included clonidine and trimipramine, while the experimental group received one calcium-D tablet daily in addition to the routine regimen. 72 hours after the onset of the detoxification process, scores from the Withdrawal Severity Rating Scale were compared using t-test. The results indicated that the experimental group experienced milder symptoms than the control group did. Also, the lapses were fewer in the experimental group.

Intralesional bleomycine therapy is an effective method for the treatment of intractable warts. Diverse concentrations of the drug through different methods and protoco1s were used and different success rates were achieved. In this study, we have used a new technique of bleomycine injection to treat intractable warts by multiple puncture technique (MPT). Following the local anaesthesia of 158 warts in 55 patients with recalcitrant common, palmer, periungual, subungual, plantar and mosaic warts, 1 mg/cc bleomycine solution was dropped on the surface of the wart and pricked into the wart by insulin syringe (40 punctures per 5 mm of the wart surface). The treatment, at most four sessions, was carried out once a month. The volume of bleomycine did not exceed 1 ml in each session and 4 mg in four treatments. We found a 83.5% success rate, ranging from 50% in mosaic warts to 91.8% in common warts, which can be compared with the results of previous studies. The technique is easily available and well tolerated with minimal or no complications. As for the success rate, availability, minimal complication and relapse, this technique seems to be an effective, useful, safe and generally well tolerated treatment for recalcitrant warts especially those aforementioned.

This case-control study was conducted to study the anxiety, depression, aggression and antisocial behavior among the teenagers of non-divorced and divorced families whose divorce had occurred within the last year. 160 boys and girls (80 cases and 80 controls) were randomly selected. Matching factors were employment and education of the parents, the subjects' age and sex and the geographical area of their residence. Observation checklists and questionnaires were used for the collection of data. Using the T-test, the analyzed findings revealed that boys and girls are different as for the prevalence of antisocial behavior among them so that girls from divorced families are more anxious and depressed than boys from the same category; while, boys are more aggressive and delinquent than girls. In line with the results of previous research, the findings reveal that divorce is the factor causing tension and abnormalities for the children of the divorced families. The difference between their nuances of behavior can be attributed to their temperament, flexibility and coping mechanism.

In this study, 99 workers of stone-cutting and -grinding in Hamadn Suburbs were studied; their vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were all measured using a spirometer. The results were compared with those of the control group, 65 workers exposed to no pollution in their workplace. The relevant data including age, job, smoking and so on were gathered through a questionnaire. The results indicated that the FEV1 and FEV1/NC of stone-grinding workers differed significantly from those of the control group. However, the VC, FVC and FEV1 of the stone-cutting workers did not show any significant difference with the control group. Distribution of particles in the ambient air was 5-10 times higher than the threshold level recommended by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. Therefore, it seems compulsory to put in ventilation systems in workplaces and also to put the workers under constant care and periodical medical examinations.

In this study, the effect of unwanted pregnancies on first lactation is studied. 180 cases were compared with a control group of the same size. Mean age of the study group was 28.6 years and that of the control group was 24.4. Mean age of marriage for the study and control groups were 19 and 20.1 years respectively. The results indicated that 39.7% of the study group and 67.3% of the control group started lactation in three hours after delivery. The time differences between the two groups were significant in vaginal delivery. Also, it was observed that unwanted pregnancy was a determinant of the onset of the first lactation.

This study was conducted to compare the oral and tympanic temperatures in patients with burns in Gha'em Hospital, Mashad. Tympanic and Oral temperatures were respectively measured using thermoscan and mercury thermometers. The two values were similar and correlated with each other. The results indicated that thermoscan thermometer was a preferable way for measuring the temperature in patients whose oral temperature was difficult to take. However, it seems to be necessary to research larger populations, different disorders and different times of the day. This will help us to closely study the sensitivity of the two spots as for their temperature variations.

This analytical-descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a matched pair sample of 100 outpatients with cancer, 50 patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy and 50 patients in foollow-up at the Clinic of the Omid Hospital. Data collection instruments included: sample selection forms, demographic data, the Herth hope index, semistuctured interview and an open-ended question. The findings indicated that patients who completed the treatment course had a significantly higher level of hope than the patients undergoing treatment; also, level of hope significantly correlated with religious beliefs and social support. Therefore, nurses can influence their patients' hope by acknowledging resources that support hopefulness.

This empirical research was conducted to find an applied pathological way in the realm of exceptional children in general and the deaf in particular. It was hypothesized that the participation of the deaf students in learning karate would enhance their self-respect. 94 deaf students from a guidance school were selected. Cooper-Smith Self-respect test was used to collect the data. The findings indicated that their self-respect had improved in comparison with the past. Also, the self-respect of the cases was found to be significantly different from the post-test results of the control group. Therefore, it was concluded that learning a martial art such as Karate positively enhanced the self-respect in deaf students.

The aim of this study is to make a comparison between a closed and an opened peritoneal (parietal & visceral) repair during 100 cases of the caesarean sections at the Qods Obs . & Gyn . Center in Zahedan. Two groups underwent the course of study at the pre-operational, operational and the post-operational stages of the experiment. The most important factors which drew our attention to themselves were those observed during the operational stage, the use of the narcotics during the post-operational stage, the need felt for the use of the antibiotics, the return of the bowel functioning operation, the febrile morbidity and the complications having been observed during the post-operational stage. In the study, we obtained data indicating that the opened peritoneum (parietal & visceral) entailed advantages both at the operational and post-operational stages. A reduction in the operational durability was accompanied with an identical reduction in the use of anesthetics. The opened peritoneum caused a reduction in the abdominal pain, the rapid return of the bowel functioning operation, and a reduction in the use of the antibiotics as well .

This randomized clinical trial involves 90 pregnant women whose throes had begun. They were randomly assigned into 3 groups: one receiving 0.5 mg Atropine, the second group receiving 1 mg promethazine, both having 2 ml volume in distilled water; the control group received 2 ml Saline normal with predetermined codes injected once at the beginning of the active phase of labor. Labor progress, first and fifth-minute APGAR and possibility of complications were recorded. The mean labor progression of the Atropine, Promethazine and saline normal groups were 114.8, 123.5 and 129.7 minutes respectively, which did not indicate a significant statistical difference. The mean full duration of the 3 groups were also recorded to be 38.2, 47.7 and 29 minutes respectively, which was considered to be insignificant. The mean first and fifth-minute Apgar were not significant, too. No significant complications were observed. The findings further indicated that prescribing Atropine or promethazine had no positive impact on the progression of the labor , and positive impact on the progression of the labor and was considered to be a waste of time and medicine.

In order to evaluate the nutritional status of Iron Deficiency Anemia , 325 high school girls in Zahedan were chosen by systematic random sampling (SRS)in the year 1372. The students' mean age was 16.2 (14 - 22 years). The dietary intakes were evaluated by the 24 - hour Recall Method in two days. The rates of energy, protein, iron and vitamin C intakes were recorded. As compared with WHO Standards, %63.1 of the subjects were affected by the energy intake, %22.8 by the protein intake, %20.3 by the vitamin C intake and %16 by the iron intake. Out of these, %8.3, %13.2, %4.9 and %10.5 were evaluated as being vulnerable respectively. Finally, %59.7, %64, %79.8 and %73.5 were observed to be in satisfactory condition. There were positive and significant correlation between energy and protein (r=0.75; P<0.00001) , between energy and the iron (r=0.67 ; P<0.00001) and between energy and the vitamin C intake as well (r=0.27; P<0.00001) . Our results showed that some of the parameters were not satisfactory in a low percentage of the girls. Inadequate intake of energy and some of the nutrients in addition to other factors such as rapid growth during the early phase of puberty and the onset of menstruation were also proved to be capable of resulting in the iron deficiency.