Year:2001 | Volume:7 | Issue:3|Papers Count:10

In order to study on correlation of grain protein yield with its components and related –traits effects evaluation under optimum and post - an thesis drought stress conditions, an experiment was conducted in Ahvaz agricultural research station on 1998-1999. Sixteen spring wheat genotypes (4 durum and 12 bread wheat genotypes) were evaluated in two separated experiments using complete randomized block design with four replications. In one of the experiments irrigation was carried out normally until physiological maturity, while in other experiment the last irrigation was done one week before anthesis.Results showed that Total Protein Yieid (TPY), Grain Yield (GY) and Biological Yield (BY) had the highest correlations with Grain Protein Yield (GPY) in durum and bread wheat genotypes under optimum and drought stress conditions and also based on data of each experiment and data which were obtained from two experiments. Under stress condition and based on all data, the highest direct effect on GPY was belong to Grain Nitrogen Concentration (GNC).Although the direct effect of Nitrogen Harvest Index (NHI) in stress condition was higher than other traits direct effects, but according to correlation results of GPY and its components and due to path analysis results, it seems that wheat genotype selection based on high TPY, GY or BY will led to high GPY.

Effects of some insecticides on overwintering adults of olive psylla, Euphyllura olivina (Costa), which is the most important insect by its abundance and severity on olive grove of Iran, was studied in Djamal Abad of Loshan (Guilan province) during 1996- 97. Emulsifiable oil (1 and 2%), Azinphos methyl 1.5 % without and with oil 1%, Etrimfos 1.5 % without and with oil 1%, and control treatment with 3 replications were applied in an randomized complete block design. Statistical analysis of results showed that there is a significant difference between treatments (P<0.01). Etrimfos 1.5 % without and with oil 1% resulted more than 98% mortality in olive psylla and oil 1 and 2% caused least mortality of 58 and 43%, respectively. In general, results showed that chemical control of overwintering olive psylla by using Etrimfos 1.5% leat infested olive groves (1 adults or more per beat) in late winter with regard to natural enemies conservation was successful.

In order to study the effect of plant densities on tillering patterns and its relationship with grain yield of wheat, a field experiment was conducted in College of Agriculture, Shahid Chaml'an University, during 1997-98 year. Experiment was carried out as factorial and based on RCB design with four replications. Factors were wheat cultivars (Falat, Atrak, Vee/Nac and Maroon) and plant densities (200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 Plants/m2). Results indicated that, the effect of cultivar was significant (at %1 level) on total tiller's production coefficient (FTPC), fertile tillers production coefficient (FTPC), number of mortaled tillers per plant, dry matter of mortaled tillers, grain yield, and number of spikes per unit area. For Falat, Atrak, Vee/Nac and Maroon cultivares, FTPC was 2.80, 2.74, 2.20 and 0.62 ; and FTPC was 0.759, 0.740, 0.673 and 0.334, respectively. The dry matter of mortaled tillers was higher, for cultivars with high tillering potential. Atrak with 5728.7 kg/ha and Vee/Nac with 537.8 spikes, had the highest grain yield and number of spikes per unit area, respectively. The effect of plant density was significant on mentioned traits, expect on number of mortaled tillers per plant (at %1 level). The cultivar*plant density interaction was not significant for FTPC, number of mortaled tillers per plant, dry matter of mortaled tillers and grain yield, but was significant for FTPC (at %5 level) and number of spikes per unit area (at %1 level). By increasing the plant density, FTPC, FTPC, number of mortaled tillers per plant and dry matter of mortaled tillers decreased; but number of spikes per unit area increased. The highest grain yield was obtained for Falat and Atrak cultivars at 500 plants/m2, and for Vee/Nac and Maroon cultivars at 600 plants/m2, respectively.

Dudng 1998, a research was carried out to collect and identify terrestrial Parasitengona mites associated with short - horned grasshoppers (Acrididae) in Karaj and Varamin, north–central regions of Iran. Samples of grasshoppers were taken twice in a month from these regions. They were examined in laboratory for mites associated with them.The Iarva of Keramotrombium talebii sp. novo (Acari, Prostigmata, Microtromhidiidae) was collected on a short-horned grasshopper, Acrida oxycephala (Pall.) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from Varamin, Iran and is described. It is the second known larval microtromhidiine with the coxal setal pattern 2, 2, 1. The genus is known only from the type species, from northwestern France. K.talehii sp.nov. is similar to K. argentines Bruyant, 1912 by having three scuta and coxal setal formula 2, 2, 1. It differs from K. argentanense hy having ossiform posterior scutum and NDV= 44, whereas in the other species, posterior scutum is oval and NDV = 68.

With regard to facilities at hand and in order to determine volume reduction of Beech trees in definite diameter classes in Shenrood forests and due to the concentration of exploitation operations at the time of our study in parcels number 11, 12, 13, 14; five diameter classes were determined in such a way so that within each class, ten individual tree was selected in random. At this stage, the percentage rate of volume reduction in each diameter class by exact measurement of trees, by computation of their volume, and by obtaining the resulted products was determined.The analysis of this survey strongly indicates that the "decline Percentage" in different diameter classes is as follows:a) Diameter class I with a diameter size of about 30-40 centimeter has a decline percentage equal to 55.33 percent.b) Diameter class II with approximate diameter of about 40-50 centimeter has a decline percentage rate of equal to 44.08 percentc) Diameter class III with approximate diameter of about 50-60 centimeter has a decline percentage rate of equal to 40.39 percent.d) Diameter class IV with approximate diameter of about 60-70 centimeter has a decline percentage rate of equal to 34.16 percent e) Lastly, diameter class V with approximate diameter of more than seventy centimeter has a decline percentage rate of equal to 26.81 percent.The above statistics clearly show that the most quantitative decline rate belongs to diameter class I, while the least quantitative decline rate can be found in diameter class V.

There is an important species of Prosopis spicigera L. in the South Baluchestan region of Iran.Seed beetle Caryedon palestinicus Southgate has been identified as one of the serious pest of the Prosopis spicigera L. in This region.Biology of Caryedon palestinicus was studied during 1999 -2000 under both natural and laboratory conditions, at 30 ± 2°C with 80% ± 5 R.H.Average times taken for egg incubation period, larval period, and pupation till emergence of adults at 30 ± 2°C and 80% R.H. were determined 5.5,20.5,9.7 days respectively. The time required for completion of a generation (egg to adult) under similar conditions was ranged from 31-38 days.Total eggs laid under laboratory conditions were counted 51.9 averagely. Six generations for the pest were determined under south Baluchestan climatic conditions. Two species of parasitoid wasps from families Chalcididae and Braconidae (Bracon sp.) were found to parasitize pupae and larvae of Caryedon pakstinicus respectively.

In this research, draft power, energy consumption, and specific draft power for three and five shanks subsoilers, also slippage for tractor in subsoiling in 3.8 and 4.9 km/h in winged tine and regular tine were measured, The experimental designed was complete randomized block.Designe and analysis of data was factorial, and means comparison were at %1 level.Draft power and energy consumption for five shanks subsoiler were 68.2 percent greater than three shanks subsoiler. But specific draft power for this subsoilers was not significant.With increase in tractor forward speed from 3.8 to 4.9 km/h, increased draft power, energy consumption, and specific draft power were significantly at %1 . Also the wing, in tine type increases subsoiler's draft power, power consumption and specific draft power significantly at %1 Both Subsoiler and tine types had significant effects on rear wheel drive slippage at %1 also amount of tractor forward speed had no significant effecte on rear wheel drive slippage.