JOURNAL OF FUNDAMENTALS OF MENTAL HEALTH
Year:2005 | Volume:7 | Issue:25-26|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Vitiligo is an acquired skin disease with prevalence of 1% in the community. In spite of existing different options in its treatment, commonly the course is progressive and the prognosis is unpredictable. In our community with a negative attitude of people to the disease, great burdens of social and familial problems are caused to the patient and these may bring about Psychological disorders. The object of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and severity of depression in vitiligo patients and comparison with normal population according to Hamilton Rating Score for Depression.Method and Material: This is a cross-sectional descriptive Analytical study. 52 vitiligo patients presenting to dermatology clinic of Imam Reza Hospital agreed to participate in this study. The dissemination and extent of their skin disease was determined and their demographic identification recorded .Then, the 24 item questionnaire of HRSD completed. The same was performed for the control group, which were healthy in general, and dermatology examination and the same as examination group in demographic identification.Result: In the vitiligo patient group 24 patients (46.2%) and in the control group 3 (5.8%) were depressed. Mean depression score in the vitiligo patients was 17.48 and in the control 5.6. 7.6% of vitiligo patients had a history of suicidal attempt. Also, in vitiligo patients no significant statistical relationship was found between depression score and age, sex, marital state, extent of skin involvement with vitiligo, expose or non-expose skin lesions, and history of consullation with psychiatrist (P> 0.05). Conclusion: High prevalence of depression in these patients is indicator of an insistent need to collaboration of psychiatrists with dermatologists in the management of this disease.

Introduction: It is clear that sustaining workers serving motivation is an important managing factor for developing, improving, and efficiency of each organization. The serving motivation is a factor that directs the workers' behavior toward the specific way and has effective role on quality and quantity of the organizational activities. The study and recognizing the factors affect on the level of worker's motivation have important function for its sustainability. The purpose of this study was investigating increasing or declining causes of workers' serving motivation on Hamadan province governor organizations.Method and Material: 2923 workers of Hamadan province from eight province districts such as Hamadan 471 (%16.1), Malayer 392 (%13.4), Mahavand 366 (%12.5), Tuoserkan 344 (%11.8), Kabodrahang 355 (%12.1), Asadabad 325 (%11.1), Bahar 326 (%11.2), and Razan 344 (%11.8) cities and the average age of 34.86 year (SD=6.23) using stratified sampling participated in this study. From these workers, 1793 (%61.3) men, 1130 (%38.7) women, 2516 (%68.1) married, and 407 (%13.9) were single. A questionnaire developed by investigators and its reliability and validity was evaluated and it used in order to collecting data. This questionnaire according to the ratio of sampling among the province workers distributed and the data collected.Results: The regression test results indicated that seriousness and scientific evaluation of workers' practices (mean=3.75, B=0.2, p<0.0001), receiving feedback through vary way related to tasks performing (mean=4.59, B=0.392, p<0.0001), providing opportunity for all workers progressiveness (mean=3.53, B=0.261, p<0.0001), and related manager's suitability and competency (mean=4.27, B=0.469, p<0.0001) have significant contribution on workers' motivation.Conclusion: In general, the more important casual increases workers' motivation were seriousness and scientific evaluation of workers' practices, receiving feedback through vary way related to tasks performing, providing opportunity for all workers progressiveness, and related manager's suitability and competency.

Introduction: The internet appears to have become on ever-increasing part of many people's day-to-day life and there have been reports in the press in recent years about internet addiction. For many people the concept and definitions of internet addiction seem far fetched particularly if their ideas about addiction involve the taking of drugs or alcohol consumption. Internet addication disorder, is a psychophysiological disorder involving to lerance, withdrawal symptoms and affective problem that is becoming more common in society as on-line usage increases by the day.Method and Material: This descriptive and analytic approach study to make a survey of internet addiction between coffee net user's in the city of Lar. The sampling method used in this study was a simple randomized method and the sample size was 230. Internet users were evaluated with an appropriate questionnaire.Results: The results showed possible or mild internet addiction, in 17.5% while 2.2% had internet addiction. Also internet addiction had a significant statistical relationship with age (P<0.03), gender (P<0.04), hours of use the internet (P=0.000), daily time of using internet (P<0.02), and the reason for the use of the internet (P=0.000).Discusion: Although internet is not man's enemy, people become dependent on it. Health professionals are responsible for providing adequate information about proper use of the internet and for implementing programs to prevent internet addication.

Introduction: Depression is a serious and prevalent disorder known with persistent pathology of mood as the main symptom. Lifetime prevalence of depression is up to 25 percent. In different studies depression symptoms pattern of patients is reported different by sex, age, season and place and …. For this reason in this study we evaluate the differences of depression symptoms pattern by season.Method and Material: In a prospective descriptive study all of the patients that come to psychiatric clinic of Imam-Reza Hospital in winter of 1382 and summer of 1383 with chief Complaint of depression and were entered to the study all of the patients visited by a psychiatrist and for all of them we were filled both demographic information questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Data From different items of depression based on BDI were compared in two groups of winter and summer with 15 percent sensitivity.Results: 101 patients with mean age of 28.94 years enter to the study, mean score of BDI was 27.64 with standard deviation of 12.43. There was no meaningful difference between severity of depression among two groups of winter and summer although items of preoccupation with body and somatic health meaningfully were in winter then in summer (P=0.03).Total score of BDI in male and female patients were not different meaningfully (without relation to the season), but items of difficulty in beginning of the work (P=0.008) and diminished sexual desire (P=0.018) were meaningfully upper in men than in women. Mean of total score of depression in rural patients were meaningfully upper than urban patients too (P=0.025).Conclusion: In this study there was no difference between depression symptoms patterns of patients by sex and season.

Introduction: It has been proved that most of chronic headaches are accompanied with psychological and moral affairs. This study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients having migraine and tension headaches and compared to similar people who are not suffering from headaches.Method and Material: This case- control study assessed one hundred and twenty five patients who were suffering from Migraine and tension headache by International Headache Societay (IHS) criteria that to Ishanan medical– training clinics and one hundred and twenty five control groups have been studied in, terms of depression and anxiety.Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Catel Anxiety Inventory (CAI) were used in this study and the results have been analysed by chi-square, t-test statistical surveys using SPSS statistical software.Results: The Moderate depression in case groups was 2.35 times of control group (P=0.001).Moderate Anxiety in case group was 2.67 time of control group (P=0.001), and sever anxiets was 207 times of control group (P=0.002). In case group the rate of anxiety and depression was more noticeable (P<0001).Conclusion: In regard to significant correlation between migraine and Tension Type Headache (TTH) with Anyiet and Depression evaluations of psychological aspect of these patients is necessary for quick treatment and avoids to chronicity of headache and reduce remedical costs.

Introduction: Family as a social system can develop the personality and adjustment of its members by meeting their affective, physical and mental needs. many implications may be considered by theorists, trainers and mental health care personnel; because  social behavior in community and family and how to deal with their members, stress, disruption in relations , lack of control on them can lead to low self esteem, low independence, and problem in decision-making and socialization. This study tries to examine the effectiveness of family life skills education on mental health variables (family stress and social acceptance).Method and Material: Present study is a quasi- experimental model with pretest- posttest single group design.15 groups (each group comprised of 7-15 members) of family life skills education in governmental and nongovernmental centers were studied. These educational sessions were administered weekly in second half of 1383 and first half of 1384. Two scales that administered on sample group were Coodron family stress scale and Crown & Marlow social acceptance test.Results: Using t-test, results of statistical analysis showed that the difference between pretest ant posttest on mental health variables were significant (for family stress 6 groups, p<0.05 and for social acceptance 4 groups p<0.05 and 2 groups p<0.01).Then family life skills education can promote the mental health indexes.Discussion: According to research results, family life skills education is an essential component in promoting mental health in community.

Introduction: Mirthfulness is a new psychological concept which has been less taken into consideration so far. The studies and carried out researches about joyance and mirthfulness are too less than those about depression, anxiety and other similar phenomena.The aim of this research was to study the amount of mirthfulness of the students of Lorestan university of medical sciences and its relation with self-reliance.Method and Material: In this cross-sectional study 150 day students were selected using systematic random sampling. To carry out the research two measurement instruments of mirthfulness and self-reliance rate were used. The questionnaire used for mirthfulness, is the short from of Mirthfulness Scale which has been made by Oxford university psychologists in 1989. To measure self-reliance, a questionnaire including 25 questions with two choices of Yes, No, was used. Gathered data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: Data analysis showed that 19.3% of the students had a low amount of mirthfulness. The amount of mirthfulness of 62% of them was acceptable and 18.7% had a good amount of mirthfulness. From view point of self-reliance 29.33% of the students had a low self-reliance, 58% had a fair self-reliance and only 12.67% had a good and high self-reliance. Between the amount of mirthfulness in terms of field of study there was no significant difference; but between self-reliance in terms of field of study there was a significant difference (P<0.01), There was no significant difference between self-reliance in terms of sex, but between the amount of mirthfulness and sex there was a significant difference (P<0.02). Between the amount of mirthfulness and self-reliance there was a significant correlation (r=0.58).Conclusion: Regarding the obtained performing preventive and treating programs in order to health promote the amount of mirthfulness among students can lead to improve the level of mental and consequently to promote students’ study performance.

Introduction: The assessment of the remaining documents shows that phenomenon of mentally ill patients has existed since the beginning of the creation of mankind. The attitude and reaction of the society toward this fact has been under permanent change. The prevalence rate of mental problems and their hazardous effects on individuals, families and the society is increasing with growth of population and the urban life. No ethnic or nation has had an effective resistance against being attacked by these disorders. In regard to the importance of families’ participation in care & rehabilitation of mentally ill patients as a key in successful treatment all over the world, more attention should be paid. The purpose of this study is to determine possible factors that could influence patients’ acceptance by their families after discharging from Hospitals in Mashhad.Method and Material: The samples of this descriptive study (658patients) were randomly chosen and data were collected in 658 patients' families who's their patients discharged from hospital during 1380-1382. Their families interviewed by structured questionnaires. One-way ANOVA and Chi-square were used For information analysis.Results: Findings showed that 23.9% of the families had "high" tendency for accepting the patient at home, 53.8% had "medium" tendency and the remaining 22.3% had no tendency for supporting and keeping patients and the type of family supporting, the patient relationship with his family members & family's supports, the signs of illness, the degree of his ability in doing house affairs, the type of family reactions to the patient's illness signs, level of education (family and patient) and patient's income & occupation, have significant relation with their tendency. There was a significant correlation between family’s knowledge of appropriate behavior with patient and their tendency to accepting him/her (P=0.000) and also between the rate of family’s satisfaction of state contributions & hospital aids and their tendency to that acceptance (P=0.02). Conclusion: Experts should carefully evaluate families’ psychopathology during treatment and rehabilitation of patients. In order to increase patients’ security and acceptance in families, mental health facilities in the community and community mental health councils are essential.