JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2006 | Volume:13 | Issue:3|Papers Count:9

The present research was conducted to investigate the prevalence of procrastination and the effects of cognitive-behavior and behavior management therapies on its reduction in high school students in Ahvaz. The experimental-control, with pretest-posttest and follow-up design, was used in this study. This study made use of two samples: One for prevalence and the other for testing hypotheses. The sample for prevalence consisted of 2000 subjects selected randomly from high school students. The second sample consisted of 180 boys and girls randomly selected from the subjects who were diagnosed as procrastinator in the prevalence stage of the study. The instruments employed in this research were Tuckman Procrastination Scale and Schwarzer, Schmitz, and Diehl Procrastination Scale. Findings of the prevalence stage indicated that 299 (15.4%) of participants suffered from procrastination (14% for girls and 17% for boys). The results of ANOVA and repeated measures showed that the use of cognitive behavior and behavior management therapies significantly reduced procrastination. Also, the effects of cognitive-behavior and behavior management therapies were not significantly different, and there was no difference between girls and boys. In addition, the effects of therapeutic intervention lasted three weeks.

This research was designed to study the relationship of religious orientation and mental health among the students of Razi University in Kermanshah City in the academic year of 2004-2005. The statistical population included 9476 students who were studying in their second term. 449 students consisted the research sample who were selected randomly using a stratified sampling method. To measure religious orientation, religious orientation questionnaire with an Islamic approach was used. This questionnaire includes 70 items with four choices and two subscales named "opinions and rites" and "morality". To measure mental health GHQ-28 scale was used. To analyse the collected data descriptive statistical methods, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used. Results showed that there is a significant relationship between rites orientation and the four aspects of mental health as follows: with bodyhealth (r=-0.26), anxiety (r=-0.29), social functioning (r=-0.26) and depression (r=-0.39). In addition, the following significant relationships exist between moral orientation and body health (r=-0.42), anxiety (r=-0.49), social functioning (r=-0.33) and depression (r=-0.55). Regression analysis for the girls showed that moral orientation was the best predictor of mental health. But, for boys, in addition to the moral orientation, the rite orientation has a small but significant share in the prediction of mental health. It means that the rite oriention is to some extent important for boys.

The purpose of this study was to identify the nine gender types among Ahvaz employed women and their husbands. The study also sought to compare the nine groups of gender types of employed couples with respect to their mental health, marital satisfaction and emotional intelligence. The sample consisted of 824 employed women and their husbands (N=1648) randomly selected from the population of employed women in Ahvaz. The instruments used for data collection were Sex-Role Inventory' (Bern, 1981), "Family Assessment Device-I" (Najarian, 1995). "Mental Health Questionnaire' (Goldberg, 1972), and 'Emotional Intelligence Inventory' (Petrides & Furnham, 2000). Results showed significant differences among the frequencies of androgynous, feminine and masculine genders among the employed women and their husbands. Also, significant differences were observed among the frequencies of the nine combinational groups of gender types. Data analysis further revealed that there are no significant differences among the nine groups regarding their mental health but there are significant differences among nine groups regarding their marital satisfaction and emotional intelligence. Results of a Scheffe test showed that marital satisfaction of the masculine couples was significantly higher than the other groups. In addition, a Scheffe test showed that emotional intelligence of androgynous couples were significantly higher than the other groups.

This study was carried out to investigate the simple and multiple relationships of personality characteristics (neruticism, extraversion, openness, conscientiousness and agreeableness) and family- personal factors (education, marriage age, the period of being marriaed, number of children, type of marriage, age difference, and economic status) to marital satisfaction in administrative office personnel in Ahvaz. The sample included 339 (168 females and 171 males) subjects who were selected randomly. The Participants completed four questionnaires (Neo-Five Factor Inventory, Enriching and Nurturing Relationship Issues Communication Happiness, Index of Marital Satisfaction (IMS) and Family-Personal Factors Inventory). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman con-elation coefficient, point biserial correlation coefficients and multiple regression method. Neruticism showed a negative correlation with marital satisfaction. Extraversion, openness, conscientiousness and agreeableness indicated a high positive significant relationship with marital satisfaction. In regard to family- personal factors (education, marriage age, marriage type, age differences) there was no significant relationship with marital satisfaction. The results of multiple regression showed a multiple correlation coefficient between predictive and criterion variables.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between adult attachment styles and work orientation and work involvement in state hospital nurses of Isfahan. In this study, adult attachment styles were predictive variables, and work orientation and work involvement were criterion variables. In this study, 160 (95 women and 65 men) nurses of state hospitals of Isfahan were selected via multiphase random sampling. Subjects were to complete Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI), Work Orientation Scale (WOS) and Work Involvement Scale (WIS). Correlation and stepwise regression analyses were used to analyze the data of this study. The results showed that subjects with asecure attachment style exhibited much more secure orientation than subjects with avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles. Subjects with avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles exhibited less work involvement than subjects with asecure attachment style. In addition, the results also showed that predictive variables have meaningful contributions in prediction of the criterion variables. The results also showed that attachment style is able to predict work orientation and work involvement in a powerful manner. The findings point to the fact that secure attachment is a primary and fundamental need in industrial organizational contexts.

This research was carried out to compare the mental health, social individual adjustment and academic performance of first grade students lacking and having a living mother. The sample consisted of 300 male and female students (150 motherless and 150 mother present), selected randomly from the educational districts of Ahvaz city. The subjects answered five tests: Mental Health Questionnaire, California Test of Personality (CTP), Social Support Scale (SSI) and Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM). The students' GPs were used as their general academic performance index. MANOVA and covariance analyses were the major statistical methods in this research. The findings showed that there was a significant difference in mental health and academic performance between the two groups. Also, the results showed that social support and intelligence of students led to significant differences within each group.

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship of the five factor model of personality with happiness in undergraduate students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Using stratified random sampling method, 569 undergraduate students (356 female and 213 male students) participated in the research. The scales used consisted of the Neo Five- Factor Inventory (Neo-FFI) and Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI). Analysis of the data yielded statistically significant simple correlation coefficients between the predictive variables (NEOFFI) and the criterion variable (OHI). The results of a number of regression analyses showed that linear combination of the predictive variables increased the size of correlation with the criterion variable.

The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the simple and multiple correlations between personality traits and professional commitment among nurses in some Ahvaz hospitals. In this research, the following eight hypotheses were tested: There are positive relationships between the five big personality traits of excitement stability, extraversion, openness, acceptance, and conscientiousness and the triple characteristics of professional commitment. Also, there are multiple correlations between the five big personality traits and each of the triple characteristics of professional commitment. Participants of this research, were 100 nurses of some Ahvaz hospitals selected randomly. Correlation and regression analyses were used to analyze the collected data. The results showed that all of the eight hypotheses were confirmed. Furthermore, the highest correlation coefficients were observed between personality traits and sympathetic and normality commitments. The results of regression analyses showed that extraversion, openness, and acceptance play the most crucial part in the explanation of the variance of the triple characteristics of professional commitment.