Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care
Year:2015 | Volume:23 | Issue:1 (48) |Papers Count:8

Background: Self-care is a core element of health and the treatment of patients with chronic diseases, including diabetes. The use of nursing theories and models are recommended for the promotion of patients' self-care agency. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of Orem's self-care model training on self-care agency among diabetic patients.Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was carried out on 20 diabetic patients in the Endocrinology Department of Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz. Data collection was conducted using a checklist for the evaluation of self-care agency. Based on the checklist, the patients' information in five main domains (diet, physical activity, blood sugar levels, medication therapy and diabetic foot care) was scored based on a 10-point Likert scale. The necessary training was then conducted according to the patient's conditions using Orem's self-care model. The patient’s information was evaluated once again through the checklist and the pre and post intervention results were compared.Result: The results showed that the mean score of self-care agency in each of the five domains, including diet (P=0.04), physical activity (P=0.000), blood sugar levels (P=0.003), medication therapy (P=0.001) and diabetic foot care (P=0.01) increased significantly after Orem's self-care model-based training.Conclusion: Given the positive effects of Orem's self-care model-based training, the use of this model is recommended as an addition to other interventions.

Background: Influenced by several factors, collaboration among nurses is a complex and multifaceted process. Considering constructive effects of this process, it is important to identify its motivational factors. This study aimed to investigate motivational factors for collaboration among nurses.Methods: The data were collected through unstructured and in-depth interviews with 18 purposively selected nurses working at hospitals from Tehran, Tabriz and Ilam cities and field notes. All the interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using an inductive content analysis method.Result: The following categories were emerged as motivational and promotional factors in collaboration among nurses: personal achievements (with subcategories: beliefs, work ethics, attitude to collaboration and hospitalization experiences) and appreciations (with subcategories: admiration, maintaining interpersonal respect, meeting expectations and consulting). Conclusion: The findings indicated that motivation affects collaboration among nurses. Knowing and paying more attention to this factor and its properties will be helpful in overcoming barriers to collaboration.

Background: Poor menstrual health can lead to serious health problems among adolescent girls. This study was performed to assess the impact of two school-based menstrual education programs (lecture and peer) on menstrual knowledge and practices in high school girls.Methods: This quasi-experimental interventional study was conducted on 200 female students (100 in peer and 100 in lecture group) of a high school selected by cluster sampling in Hamadan city in 2014. The participants were trained either by peers or through lectures during 4 weekly sessions and then were compared. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire containing questions about students' menstrual hygiene, knowledge and practice. Two groups were compared at pretest, immediately after training, and one month after completing the training program. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square test and analysis of variance with repeated measures.Result: There were no significant differences between the two groups for mean age (13.35 in lecture and 13.31 in peer group; P>0.05) and age at menarche (12.41 in lecture and 12.20 in peer group; P>0.05).The mean score of knowledge and practice in the two groups significantly increased over time (before, immediately after and one month after training) (P<0.001). The results showed a significant difference between the two groups on knowledge and practices of menstrual health (P<0.001).Conclusions: Peer group education is an efficient method for menstrual health promotion. Hence, health planners must be able to provide health programs for training and empowerment of adolescent girls.

Background: Infertility has extensive psychological effects on infertile couple's mood and spirits and imposes a lot of stress on the man and woman involved. Relaxation is an effective technique for eliminating and balancing stress. The present study was therefore conducted to determine the effect of the stress reduction care process during the treatment period on infertile women's satisfaction.Methods: The present controlled clinical trial was conducted on 76 infertile women aged 18 to 35 undergoing IVF or ICSI treatments. A sample of the women admitted to Isfahan Infertility Clinic for receiving infertility treatments were selected using a simple sampling technique and were then randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group (n=36 in both). Relaxation techniques were performed on the intervention group for 12 sessions. Participants filled out the standard Newton Infertility Stress Questionnaire before and after the study (before the pregnancy tests). After taking their pregnancy tests, both groups filled out a questionnaire evaluating their satisfaction with the stress reduction care process.Result: Statistical tests showed the lack of significant differences in the personal characteristics associated with fertility between the intervention group and the control group. The Mann Whitney test showed that satisfaction with the stress reduction care process during the treatment period was significantly higher in the intervention group compared to in the control group (P=0.001).Conclusion: Using relaxation as a technique for reducing stress has a positive effect on the satisfaction of women with this care process (even in the case of women with negative pregnancy tests), which can then reduce the rate of leaving treatment in those receiving interventions when their pregnancy tests come out negative.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. Since various side effects of radiation therapy can influence the patients’ quality of life, the present study tried to determine the effects of yoga on function domain of quality of life in women undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer.Methods: This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial with pre- and post-intervention stages. Forty women with breast cancer who presented at radiotherapy and oncology departments of Omid and Milad Hospitals (Isfahan, Iran) were recruited. over a period of eight weeks, 75-minute yoga sessions were held. Data were collected through a demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and its breast-specific module (EORTC QLQ-BR23). The questionnaires were completed through face-to-face interviews conducted by a radiation oncologist in 2012.Result: The designed yoga program resulted in statistically and clinically significant improvements in function dimensions of quality of life. The mean scores of the function dimensions were 54.04±14.90 before the intervention and 83.1±13.4 after the intervention. Before the intervention, the lowest and highest scores were observed in the case of role function and sexual function, respectively. Significant improvements in function dimensions were detected after the intervention (P<0.001).Conclusion: Yoga can improve the function dimensions of quality of life in patients with cancer. Treatment and supportive care centers can hence use yoga programs as an effective, convenient, and inexpensive method to enhance the quality of life of these patients.

Background: Premenstrual syndrome can affect people’s resilience and quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of awareness group training of premenstrual syndrome on resilience and quality of life in the female high school students.Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental with pre- and post-test with a control group. The study population was second grade high school girls randomly selected by cluster sampling from one class in two high schools in each of the 20 districts of Education Office in Tehran. Fifteen students with dysmenorrhea in each class were randomly assigned to the control or the experimental group. Students in the experimental group participated in 10 weekly 75-minute sessions of training. Data were collected at baseline and two months after the end of the sessions in the experimental group. The study tools were a demographic questionnaire, the diagnostic questionnaire of premenstrual syndrome (DQPS), Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CDRS), and 36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36). Data were analyzed by t-test, paired t-test and Mann-Whitney in the SPSS version 16.0.Results: There was no statistical difference between control and experimental groups in their demographic characteristics (P>0.05). At baseline, the groups matched for mean scores of PMS, resilience and quality of life (P>0.05). However, at the post-test, only the students in the experimental group had an improvement in their mean scores of PMS (P<0.001), resilience (P<0.01) and quality of life (P<0.01).Conclusion: Training can enhance the mean scores of the adolescent’s PMS, resilience and quality of life.

Background: Staff of any organization is the main index for the superiority of the organization. Organizational commitment is an important predictor of organizational behavior whose analysis can help leaders and supervisors to identify the potential problems. Purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between supportive and unsupportive managerial behaviors and job burnout with controlling organizational commitment.Methods: This research is a descriptive correlation study. The target society of the research included all the nurses in hospital, out of which a sample of 150 individuals was randomly selected. The research tools included supportive Roni and Gotlib supportive and unsupportive managerial Behaviors Questionnaire, Allen and Mayer Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, Maslach Job Burnout Inventory. The partial correlation and Pearson correlation through SPSS/19 software packages were used.Result: There is an inverse and meaningful correlation between organizational commitment and job burnout and between supportive managerial behaviors and job burnout in the level p≥ 0.001. Also, there is an directional and meaningful correlation between unsupportive managerial behaviors and job burnout. Finally coefficient is meaningful between supportive management and job burnout without controlling of organizational commitment variable but after controlling organizational commitment variable is not meaningful.Conclusion: Findings indicated that organizational commitment has an important role in the relationship between supportive managerial behaviors and job burnout. Implementation of workshop in regard to variables in this project, for nurses is suggested.

Background: Menopause is considered a critical stage of life and the most profound event among the middle-aged women. It is accompanied by not only physiological problems such as hot flashes, night sweats, anxiety, and sleep disorders, but also significant changes in quality of life. The present research sought to employ the PRECEDE model to investigate the determinants of quality of life among postmenopausal women in Bandar Abbas, Iran.Methods: The present research adopted a descriptive, analytical cross-sectional design. Cluster sampling was applied to select a total of 170 postmenopausal women from Bandar Abbas. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the collected data in SPSS/16. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Result: The mean age of the participants was 57.00 ± 8.15 years. The mean score of quality of life among the studied postmenopausal women was 76.62 ± 27.05. There were significant relations between quality of life and enabling and reinforcing factors (p=0.048 and 0.026, respectively). Among all predisposing factors, attitude and perceived self-efficacy had significant relations with quality of life (p=0.002 and 0.045, respectively).Conclusion: Improving postmenopausal women’s quality of life requires the implementation of education and health programs by health workers, encouragement of other family members to contribute in health promotion programs, and development of social support networks to provide women with emotional support.