Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care
Year:2017 | Volume:25 | Issue:3|Papers Count:9

Introduction: Cough is a common complication after anesthesia and can lead to serious complications. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of intravenous and intracuff hydrocortisone on the severity of cough after anesthesia using an endotracheal tube.Methods: In this RCT study, 135 patients were selected and randomly assigned to groups A, B and, C group. After intubation, in group A, 100 mg of diluted hydrocortisone with 5 mL of distilled water was injected Intravenously (IV) in group B; the endotracheal tube cuff was filled with 100 mg of hydrocortisone and for group C, the cuff was filled by 5 to 10 mL of distilled water. Frequency and severity of cough using VAS at 2, 6, and 24 hours after anesthesia was measured.Results: No significant difference was revealed in the frequency of cough at 2, 6, and 24 hours after anesthesia in all 3 groups (P>0.05). In the group that received hydrocortisone intravenously, at 2 and 6 hours after anesthesia, equal frequency of cough (4.35%) and at 24 hours after anesthesia, reduced frequency of cough (2.17%) was observed compared with the control group. However, this decrease was not significant. In the cuff hydrocortisone group, at 2 hours after anesthesia, in the experimental group (6.67%) compared to the control group (6.82%) decreased frequency of cough, and at 6 hours after anesthesia in the experimental group (8.83%) compared to the control (4.55%) increased frequency of cough, and at 24 hours after anesthesia, the same frequency of cough (0%) was observed. However, this change was not significant.Conclusions: Using intravenous hydrocortisone and intra-cuff hydrocortisone there was no significant benefit in reducing frequency of cough, compared to the control group.

Introduction: Paying attention to the psychological aspects of patients with diabetes is important and could be very useful in the process of treatment. Training is essential in these patients and peer education facilitates and improves health and creates a learning atmosphere with many benefits. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of peer education on the quality of life of patients with diabetes.Methods: In this randomized control trial study, 70 patients with diabetes, who were hospitalized at Firoozgar hospital in Tehran, were recruited using the convenience sampling method. The patients were assigned randomly to either the control or the intervention group. Patients in the intervention group were trained by their peers during the 2 sessions, yet the patients in the control group received only routine education. Data were collected by demographic and diabetes quality of life questionnaire. Patient’s qualities of life were measured before the education and 2 months after the intervention.Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data using the SPSS software.Results: Mean diabetes quality of life in both groups had no statistically significant before the peer education (P=0.3). Mean quality of life score in patients with diabetes in the intervention group was significantly different from the control group at 2 months after the intervention (P<0.001).Conclusions: According to the results of the current study, it seems that peer education in patients with diabetes is effective in increasing quality of life in these patients.Therefore, it is recommended to educate patients by using this approach.

Introduction: Pain is the worst and most debilitating problem in patient with spinal cord injury. This study aimed to determine the effect of exercise program on visceral pain intensity in patients with paraplegic spinal cord injury.Methods: This was a randomized control trial, in which all the patients with spinal cord injury who referred to khatam-al-Anbia Hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2014 comprised our statistical research community. Forty patients were selected based on the inclusion criteria and purposive sampling method. They were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control using a table of random numbers. The experimental group intervention included an exercise program for paraplegia spinal cord injury during 12 sessions of 45-60 minutes, twice a week. Patient filled the international spinal cord injurybased pain data set. SPSS 19 statistical software was used for data analysis using chisquared, independent t-test and paired t-test.Results: Results showed no difference between the two groups of intervention and control regarding demographic characteristics. The mean visceral pain intensity score was 5.12±0.87 in the intervention group and 4.76±0.65 in the control group before the intervention, which respectively reached to 2.89±0.95 and 4.47±0.62 after implementation of the intervention; this difference was significant in the intervention group (P£0.001).Conclusions: The results showed that regular exercise program can reduce visceral pain intensity after spinal cord injuries. Nurses can teach these exercises to help patients reduce their pain.

Introduction: Nursing students, as nursing personnel in the future, play an important role in spiritual and physical aspects of people. Attention to public health and spiritual health, especially in nursing students that often deal with poor clients, is essential. This study aimed to determine the correlation of general and spiritual health of nursing students in Hamedan University of Medical Sciences.Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 258 nursing students were selected with classified sampling method. Data were collected by general health questionnaire and spiritual health questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software, descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The average age of students was 21.57±3.17, of which 89.1% were female and 10.9% were male. The mean (SD) score of public health was 39.27 (3.10) and the score of spiritual health was 97.10 (13.40). A significant relationship between structures of spiritual health and general health was observed (P<0.05).Conclusions: Spiritual health and public health are closely related and it is expected to promote spiritual well-being in nursing students to improved public health. Attention to spiritual health in addition to physical, mental and social aspects of it can improve the health of this important group.

Introduction: One of the main goals of medicine has been to reduce labor pain and request from patients for pain relief is a sufficient reason to use pain relief methods. This study was conducted to compare the effects of spinal and epidural analgesia on maternal and neonatal outcomes.Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 126 pregnant women during 2015-2016. Pregnant women who had inclusion criteria and informed consent were randomly selected and assigned into spinal and epidural groups by an anesthesiologist. The subjects in the control group were randomly selected from those who met the inclusion criteria but were unwilling to do analgesia. Data were entered into the SPSS19 software and three groups were compared using statistical tests such as ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, linear regression, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The results showed that the duration of the first and second stages of labor was shorter in the control group compared to the spinal and epidural groups, but this difference was not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference among the three groups regarding the method of delivery, Apgar and episiotomy pain scores.None of the participants experienced headache and hyperthermia.Conclusions: The results of this study showed that none of the methods of analgesia had negative impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Due to the contradictory results in different studies, performing further studies in the same condition and with matching groups in terms of confounding variables is necessary.

Introduction: Vitality, as one of the components of well-being, decreases during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of relaxation exercises on vitality of primigravida women in Hamadan, Iran.Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 primigravida women referred to a prenatal care center in Hamadan, Iran. Before the intervention, all the pregnant women completed the questionnaires of vitality and demographic characteristics. The pregnant women of the intervention group participated in 8 sessions every two weeks with an emphasis on physical and relaxation exercises, while the control group received the routine care of the prenatal clinic. By the end of the sessions, the questionnaires were recompleted by both intervention and control groups and compared inter and intra two groups.Results: The mean score of vitality of the women in the intervention group was 33.58±7.31 before the intervention, and 38.32±4.55 after the intervention, which showed a significant difference (P<0.05), while the mean score of the vitality of the women in the control group was reduced from 36.32±7.71 to 27.96±7.30, which showed a significant difference from the pre-intervention state (P<0.05).Conclusions: The present study shows the importance of the relaxation exercises as a simple and available health intervention, which could lead to the increased vitality in pregnant women.

Introduction: Nurses as the major group of health service providers need to have the satisfactory mental health in order to give desirable care for the patients. Therefore, this study aimed to predict the psychological strain based on perceived work difficulty, occupational hardiness and spirituality among nurses working at hospitals of Malayer City, Iran.Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, the statistical population included all nurses working in hospitals of Malayer City in 2016. Of which 115 people were selected using the convenience sampling method. The psychological strain questionnaire (PSQ), work difficultly scale, occupational hardiness questionnaire (OHQ) and daily spiritual experience scale (DSES) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, and multivariate stepwise regression by the SPSS 22 software.Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between perceived work difficulty, component of challenge from occupational hardiness and spirituality with psychological strain (P<0.01), but there was no significant correlation between components of control and commitment from occupational hardiness with the psychological strain. Also, inter regression analysis results showed that perceived work difficulty, component of commitment from occupational hardiness and spirituality can explain totally 59.7% of psychological strain variance, but components of control and challenge from occupational hardiness cannot predict the psychological strain.Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, training and intervention on improving perceived work difficulty, component of commitment from occupational hardiness and spirituality of nurses can be suggested as an effective way in decreasing their psychological strain.

Introduction: Birth of child with disability can put a lot of pressure on others, especially parents and eliminate all of the those dreams and fantasies about having a healthy child and also it can cause problems in family relations and development of destructive and negative emotions towards their children. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between stress and communication patterns of mothers of educable mentally retarded children in schools for exceptional children in Hamadan City during the academic year of 2015-2016.Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, all mothers of educable mentally retarded children (53 females and 92 males) were selected from schools for exceptional children in Hamadan City, Iran, during the academic year of 2015-2016. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire, perceived stress scale (PSS-14) and assessment scale of mother-child relationship (MCRE) and were analyzed by the SPSS 20 software.Results: The results of multiple correlation coefficient showed that stress had a negative significant relationship with admission communication patterns (P=0.001), permissive (P=0.007) and rejection (P=0.001) patterns, but had no significance relationship with supportive patterns of communication. Also, the admission (P=0.001), rejection (P= 0.005) and permissive (P=0.045) communication patterns of mothers were able to predict stress.Conclusions: It can be concluded that having a disabled child creates stress for mothers and affects their patterns of communication. So, it is recommended that some programs be performed to maintain health and enhance quality of life of these mothers.