The comparison between characteristics and outcomes of elective adult cardiac surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic and the previous year: a cross-sectional study of an early experience in a COVID-19 epicenter

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Omidi Farzin Alireza; Shahrokhi Nejad Shahrzad

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: CANON JOURNAL OF MEDICINE Year:2023 | Volume:4 | Issue:2 Page(s): 71-77

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Title

The comparison between characteristics and outcomes of elective adult cardiac surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic and the previous year: a cross-sectional study of an early experience in a COVID-19 epicenter

Author(s)

Omidi Farzin Alireza | Shahrokhi Nejad Shahrzad | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

COVID-19Q4

cardiac surgical proceduresQ4

mortalityQ4

postoperative complicationsQ4

elective cardiac surgeryQ4

elective heart surgeryQ4

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 led to an outbreak making surgeons doubt continuing elective surgeries during the pandemic. There is little evidence about the outcomes of elective cardiac surgeries during the pandemic. Questions exist regarding a higher prevalence of perioperative complications and mortality rates. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of elective cardiac surgeries during the pandemic in comparison to the previous year. Method: This cross-sectional study discusses elective cardiac surgeries performed during the COVID-19 peak from March 2020 to March 2021 at the Shahid Modarres Hospital and compares the outcomes (mortality, infection, and stroke) with the previous year. We included all candidates over 20 years old after evaluating them for COVID-19 with polymerase chain reaction and chest computed tomography scan. We collected the data from our institutional database and performed data analysis. Results: We performed 184 adult open-heart surgeries during the COVID-19 peak. The male-to-female ratio was 50. 5% to 49. 5% with a mean age of 61. 9 patients died in total during the peak compared to 17 patients out of 341 surgeries in the previous year. 2 patients were involved with sternal wound infection and 3 with stroke. We recognized no significant difference in mortality, sternal wound infection, and stroke between the two periods. Conclusion: Although we should consider the probable complications of the infection during the pandemic, cardiac surgery can be performed safely in COVID-19 centers. Effective protocols are required to create an environment free of infection to alleviate the burden of perioperative complications during this period.

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