The COVID-19 Infection in Heart Transplant Recipients: A Cohort Study

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Naghashzadeh Farah; Hossein Ahmadi Zargham; Mohamadifar Arezoo; Naji Seyed Alireza; Keshmiri Mohammad Sadegh; Aghdasi Sina; Hajimoradi Maryam; Riahi Mahsa; Jahangirifard Alireza; Saliminejad Leila; Shafaghi Shadi; Sharif Kashani Babak; Noorali Sima

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Journal: Journal of Iranian Medical Council Year:621 | Volume: | Issue: Page(s): 40-44

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Title

The COVID-19 Infection in Heart Transplant Recipients: A Cohort Study

Author(s)

Keywords

Communicable DiseasesQ4

COVID-19Q4

SARS-CoV-2Q4

Transplant RecipientsQ4

VaccinationQ4

Abstract

Background: Infectious diseases are major complications after solid organ transplantation. Heart transplant patients have a high mortality rate after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines have shown efficacy in generating specific immune response. This study aims to describe the COVID-19 infection before and after Vaccination in heart Transplant Recipients. Methods: This was a single-center cohort study including 95 heart Transplant Recipients with laboratory radiological confirmed COVID-19. Results: COVID-19 infection was present before Vaccination in 33 (35. 78%) patients. The most frequent COVID-19 clinical presentations before Vaccination were cough in 21 (63. 63%) and myalgia in 19 (57. 57%) patients,12 (36. 36%) were hospitalized,17 (51. 51%) cases had oxygen depletion and required supplemental oxygen,none of them needed invasive ventilation. Of the entire 33 COVID-19 patients, two patients (6. 06%) re-experienced the disease about two months after complete Vaccination and both of them were recovered. 63 heart transplant patients had not experienced COVID-19 before Vaccination, of which 59 patients received Vaccination. After two months, 23 vaccinated patients were infected with COVID-19 again, and 2 of the 3 patients who were not vaccinated were also infected. Five patients passed away in the whole study. Conclusion: Heart transplant patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at greater risk of severe infection and death compared with immunocompetent individuals. Thus, COVID-19 Vaccination for all HT recipients is of paramount importance.

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