A review of the impact of the Aral Sea drought on the vulnerability of the natural and human environment around it with the aim of pathology of the impact of the drying of Lake Urmia

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Pouladi Nasser; Didevar Tabrizi Sama; Ravanbakhsh Reyhaneh

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: JOURNAL OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT HAZARDS Year:2024 | Volume: | Issue: Page(s): 113-129

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Title

A review of the impact of the Aral Sea drought on the vulnerability of the natural and human environment around it with the aim of pathology of the impact of the drying of Lake Urmia

Author(s)

Pouladi Nasser | Didevar Tabrizi Sama | Ravanbakhsh Reyhaneh | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Aral Sea .Environmental disaster. SalinityQ4

Lake UrmiaQ4

DiseaseQ4

Abstract

The Aral Sea was one of the four largest lakes in the world. In the past six decades, the drying of the Aral Sea has caused environmental changes and increased water salinity. Considering that Lake Urmia has been exposed to widespread drought in recent years, the main objective of this article is to study the environmental hazards created around the Aral Sea after its drying. In addition, the aim is to better understand the tensions that affect Iran and other neighboring countries with the drying up of Lake Urmia. In this study, researchers conducted on the changes in climatic and social conditions of the population of the Aral Sea basin were identified using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar between 2000 and 2022, and several articles were reviewed. According to studies, the Aral Sea was 11 times larger than Lake Urmia in the mid-20th century. Due to excessive agricultural development, it began to dry up. The government's solution was to revive it on a smaller scale, of which two parts have been revived. Most studies have reported a significant relationship between the drying up of the Aral Sea and various Diseases, including respiratory Diseases, types of cancer, fertility dangers, and mental and neurological disorders. Considering the environmental problems and the spread of various Diseases among the inhabitants of the dried-up Aral Sea, the revival of Lake Urmia is more necessary than before. Moreover, Kazakhstan's successful experience in Aral restoration can be a model for the revival of Lake Urmia.

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