A research on Persian goddesses associated with cow
(in comparison with cow-goddesses in Egypt, Mesopotamia and India)

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Khani Shahin; Dadvar Abolghasem

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: PAZHOHESH-HA-YE BASTANSHENASI IRAN Year:2023 | Volume:12 | Issue:35 Page(s): 33-58

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Information Journal Paper

Title

A research on Persian goddesses associated with cow (in comparison with cow-goddesses in Egypt, Mesopotamia and India)

Author(s)

Khani Shahin | Dadvar Abolghasem | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Key words: CowQ4

milkQ4

tree of lifeQ4

GoddessQ4

Abstract

The worship of cattle, especially bull and cow was common in ancient cultures, from Egypt to the Indus valley , and many of its signs can be seen in images, texts and myths. Many of the gods and Goddesses were bull or cow. The religion of the indigenous peoples of the Plateau are similar to the mentioned cultures and the image of a cow Goddess on the Elamite seal the third millennium BC has been obtained. But in Iran, due to the arrival of the Aryans and the emergence and domination of the Zoroastrian religion and the changes that occurred in the sources of the Zoroastrian religion, there are various ambiguities and opinions about the Iranian Goddesses. It is assumed that due to centuries of proximity of the indigenous peoples and newcomers and cultural ties with other areas, religious interactions have taken place. The main question is which Goddesses can be a good example for a cow Goddess like other civilizations? The aim of this study is to select two or three cow Goddesses in Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Indian cultures and by comparative study and using the three universal and widespread symbols of cow, milk and tree of life as the main criterion and characteristic of the great Goddesses, we will show that some of these characteristic can be matched with the Goddesses; Drvasp (Goṧurvan), Anahita and Sepandarmaz. The two symbols of the milk and the tree of life have been seen in all ancient times and their association with the symbol of the cow in most cultures provides a good criterion for knowing more about the Goddesses of Iran. This article has been done by descriptive- comparative and analytical method and using library resources. The lack of a study focused on the leading Iranian Goddesses necessitates a comparative study.

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