Investigating the inhibitory activity of iron oxide nanoparticles attached to coumarin on breast cancer cell line

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Ghavamifard Zahra; Doulah Abdolhassan; Salehzadeh Ali

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences Year:2024 | Volume:32 | Issue:3 Page(s): 21-34

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Investigating the inhibitory activity of iron oxide nanoparticles attached to coumarin on breast cancer cell line

Author(s)

Ghavamifard Zahra | Doulah Abdolhassan | Salehzadeh Ali | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Apoptosis

Breast cancer

Coumarin

Flow cytometry

Abstract

Introduction: The use of functionalized metal nanoparticles against cancer cells has gained assiduous attention. This study aimed to assess the inhibitory activity of iron oxide nanoparticles coated with glucose and conjugated with Coumarin (Fe3O4@Glu-Coumarin) on Breast cancer cell line, as well as the expression of the caspase-8 and caspase-9 genes. Material & Methods: The physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles were evaluated using FT-IR, XRD, EDS-map, and electron microscope imaging. The toxicity of the synthesized nanoparticles was determined using the MTT assay, and the 50% inhibitory dose (IC50) was calculated. Moreover, the effect of nanoparticles on Apoptosis induction was investigated by measuring the expression level of the caspase 8 and 9 genes and Flow cytometry analysis. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS software. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to assess significant differences between nanoparticle-treated and control groups. A p-value of less than 0. 05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: The synthesis of Fe3O4@Glu-Coumarin nanoparticles was confirmed by physicochemical tests, including FT-IR, XRD, EDS-mapping, and electron microscope imaging. The nanoparticles had dimensions of 25 to 50 nm and contained Fe, O, and C elements. The treatment of MCF-7 cells with nanoparticles caused a significant decrease in the survival of cancer cells, and the IC50 was 93μg/ml. The exposure of cells to the nanoparticles caused a marked increase in the expression of caspases 8 and 9 by 2. 6 and 2. 9 folds, respectively, compared to the control group. In addition, the frequency of apoptotic cells after treatment with the nanoparticles increased from 2. 21% to 84%. Discussion & Conclusion: The results of this study pointed out that Fe3O4@Glu-Coumarin increased the expression of the caspases 8 and 9 genes in Breast cancer cells and, as a result, can activate the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells.

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