EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE ON GINGIVAL PIGMENTATION IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS

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AMINI SHIRIN; HOSEINI NEGIN; FARHAD SHIRIN ZAHRA; MOHAMMADI FARID

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Journal: JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN DENTAL SCHOOL Year:2017 | Volume:12 | Issue:4 Page(s): 437-444

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Information Journal Paper

Title

EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE ON GINGIVAL PIGMENTATION IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS

Author(s)

AMINI SHIRIN | HOSEINI NEGIN | FARHAD SHIRIN ZAHRA | MOHAMMADI FARID | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

COTININE ENZYMEQ1

ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKEQ1

GINGIVAL PIGMENTATION INDEXQ1

PASSIVE SMOKINGQ1

Abstract

Introduction: Smoking is one of the most important environmental factors in the initiation of gingival pigmentation. Most studies have reported the effect of active smoking and ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE (ETS) on gingival pigmentation. The aim of this study was to compare the gingival pigmentation in children exposed to ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE with children who are not at risk.Materials& Methods: In this case-control stud, 76 children aged 9-16 years were studied. The subjects were divided that into two equal groups based on being affected by environmental smoke or not. In both groups, GINGIVAL PIGMENTATION INDEX (GPI) was determined by clinical examination and in recorded in a questionnaire; salivary levels of COTININE ENZYME were determined using ELISA. Data were analyzed with Mann–Whitney test, independent t-test, and Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients (α=0.05).Results: The means of salivary COTININE ENZYME levels and GINGIVAL PIGMENTATION INDEX (GPI) were significantly higher in children affected by ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE compared to those who were not (p value< 0.001). In addition, there was a significant relationship between the number of cigarettes smoked per day by the parents and salivary cotinine levels and GPI in the case group (p value<0.01 and p value<0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between pigmentation intensity and salivary cotinine levels in the case group (p value=0.005).Conclusion: The results suggested a relationship between an increase in gingival pigmentation and salivary cotinine levels in children exposed to ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE.

Cites

Assessment of the Prevalence and Related Factors of Oral Mucosal Pigmentation in Patients Referring to Dental School and Salamat Clinic of Qom

References

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APA: Copy

AMINI, SHIRIN, HOSEINI, NEGIN, FARHAD, SHIRIN ZAHRA, & MOHAMMADI, FARID. (2017). EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE ON GINGIVAL PIGMENTATION IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS. JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN DENTAL SCHOOL, 12(4), 437-444. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/125998/en

Vancouver: Copy

AMINI SHIRIN, HOSEINI NEGIN, FARHAD SHIRIN ZAHRA, MOHAMMADI FARID. EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE ON GINGIVAL PIGMENTATION IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS. JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN DENTAL SCHOOL[Internet]. 2017;12(4):437-444. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/125998/en

IEEE: Copy

SHIRIN AMINI, NEGIN HOSEINI, SHIRIN ZAHRA FARHAD, and FARID MOHAMMADI, “EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE ON GINGIVAL PIGMENTATION IN CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS,” JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN DENTAL SCHOOL, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 437–444, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/125998/en

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