Pharmacological evaluation of Sida cordifolia root extract: A natural contraceptive agent with dual estrogenic/anti-estrogenic properties

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Akhtakhanov Isa Imranovich; Techieva Lana Konstantinovna; Hanmurzaeva Pazilyat Arslanalievna; Ogadze Aleksandra Aleksandrovna; Khashaeva Linda Ibragimovna; Gaziev Ayub Muslimovich; Mirzoev Ramzan Aslambekovich; Rasulov Mirzamagomed Kurbanovich; Babakhanova Alimat Arsenovna; Vaisova Arina Sergeevna; Gadzhieva Khadizhat Dzhamaludinovna; Kamilova Muslimat Gasangadzhievna

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Year:2026 | Volume:8 | Issue:3 Page(s): 752-762

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Title

Pharmacological evaluation of Sida cordifolia root extract: A natural contraceptive agent with dual estrogenic/anti-estrogenic properties

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Keywords

Sida cordifolia

abortifacient effect

anti-implantation effect

estrogenic effect

anti-fertile effect

contraception

ethinyl estradiol

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of a methanol extract derived from Sida cordifolia rhizomes on reproductive function and gestation processes in laboratory animal models. Key parameters evaluated included the acute toxicity of the extract, its postcoital antifertility effects, and its estrogenic/antiestrogenic properties. Particular emphasis was placed on assessing the effect of the extract on offspring in pregnant rats exposed to Sida cordifolia root methanol extract. Analysis of litter weight revealed significant dose-dependent reductions: at 200 mg/kg, mean litter weight was 42.13 ± 0.77 g, while at 400 mg/kg, it decreased to 18.53 ± 0.94 g, both markedly lower than the control group (61.5 ± 0.29 g). In immature ovariectomized rats, oral administration of Sida cordifolia extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg induced a statistically significant increase in uterine weight (p < 0.01). Although the uterotrophic effect of the extract was less pronounced than that of ethinyl estradiol, its contraceptive dosage elicited a stronger uterotrophic response compared to untreated controls.

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