THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN IN CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENT, (BASED ON THE FORMATION OF CONSTITUTIONALIST AND LEGITIMATIST SCHOOLS AND ASSOCIATIONS, AND THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN' S CLERGYMEN IN FIRST MASHROOTEH CONSTITUTIONAL)

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SOLEYMANI KARIM; EMADI SEYED ZIAULDIN

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Journal: MOSKUYA Year:2009 | Volume:4 | Issue:11 Page(s): 111-140

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Title

THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN IN CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENT, (BASED ON THE FORMATION OF CONSTITUTIONALIST AND LEGITIMATIST SCHOOLS AND ASSOCIATIONS, AND THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN' S CLERGYMEN IN FIRST MASHROOTEH CONSTITUTIONAL)

Author(s)

SOLEYMANI KARIM | EMADI SEYED ZIAULDIN | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

MASHROOTEH (CONSTITUTIONAL) MOVEMENTQ3

MAZANDARAN' S CLERGYMENQ3

ASSOCIATIOS AND SCHOOLSQ3

CONSTITUTIONALISTQ3

LEGITIMATISTSQ3

QAJAR AGEQ2

Abstract

One of the most important events in the Iran’s contemporary history is Mashrooteh (Constitutional) Movement which is considered to be a symbol of great evolution. One of the most important acheivements of Mashrooteh (Constitutional) Movement was establishing the associations and schools with different political approaches which played an important role in political revolutions of Mashrooteh (Constitutional) Age. It is true that Mazandaran didn' t use to act like Tehran, Rasht, Isfahan and Tabriz, in dispose of cruelty and autocracy movements, it was influenced by the transformation of regions due to locating in Rasht and Tehran's neighborhood and has been source of the transformation and significant influences in the process of Mashrooteh (Constitutional) Movement in the region and the country due to famous faces such as Ayatollah Abdollah Mazandarani (Moqim-e-Atabat), Sheikh Kabir Saravi, Sharif Al' olama, Saeed Al' olama, Sheikh Kabir Bar Foroosh (Babol), and its political faces such as Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni (Great Chief of Army), Ali Khan Divsalar Kojoori, Ehsano' llah Khan Saravi and Molla Mohammad Allameh.Establishing associations and schools, was not only related to Tehran, but also in the other cities of Iran, associations tend to establish schools in modern formations. Mazandaran is not an exception in this regard. There were Mashrooteh (Constitutional) associations in cities like Sari, Babol, and Tonekabon for all of which many clergies were great proponents. However, this trend did not last long because, on the one hand, differences between CONSTITUTIONALIST and legiitimatist sects, and, on the other hand, the struggles and arguments on electing and establishing city candidates in Sari and Babol brought great inconsistency to Mazandaran, which made many opposition groups stand against Mashrooteh. At the beginning of the minor autocracy and with the succession of Mashrooteh (Constitutional) proponents, some of the clergies in Mazandaran changed their approaches and willingly or unwillingly stepped toward Mohammad Ali Shah autocracy. This article attempts to analyze and study the circumstance of forming, activities and autcomes of CONSTITUTIONALIST and legitimatist associations and schools and also the role of Mazandaran’s priests in the first constitutional era.

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APA: Copy

SOLEYMANI, KARIM, & EMADI, SEYED ZIAULDIN. (2009). THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN IN CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENT, (BASED ON THE FORMATION OF CONSTITUTIONALIST AND LEGITIMATIST SCHOOLS AND ASSOCIATIONS, AND THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN' S CLERGYMEN IN FIRST MASHROOTEH CONSTITUTIONAL). MOSKUYA, 4(11), 111-140. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/177488/en

Vancouver: Copy

SOLEYMANI KARIM, EMADI SEYED ZIAULDIN. THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN IN CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENT, (BASED ON THE FORMATION OF CONSTITUTIONALIST AND LEGITIMATIST SCHOOLS AND ASSOCIATIONS, AND THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN' S CLERGYMEN IN FIRST MASHROOTEH CONSTITUTIONAL). MOSKUYA[Internet]. 2009;4(11):111-140. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/177488/en

IEEE: Copy

KARIM SOLEYMANI, and SEYED ZIAULDIN EMADI, “THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN IN CONSTITUTIONAL MOVEMENT, (BASED ON THE FORMATION OF CONSTITUTIONALIST AND LEGITIMATIST SCHOOLS AND ASSOCIATIONS, AND THE ROLE OF MAZANDARAN' S CLERGYMEN IN FIRST MASHROOTEH CONSTITUTIONAL),” MOSKUYA, vol. 4, no. 11, pp. 111–140, 2009, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/177488/en

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