U.S. militant exceptionalism and the erosion of international law through support of the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran

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Ameli Saied Reza; Mohseni Ahooei Ebrahim

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Journal: COUNTRIES STUDIES Year:2026 | Volume:4 | Issue:3 Page(s): 439-465

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Title

U.S. militant exceptionalism and the erosion of international law through support of the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran

Author(s)

Ameli Saied Reza | Mohseni Ahooei Ebrahim | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

American Exceptionalism

erosion of international law

Hegemonic stability

Militarism

Offensive Realism

Abstract

This article examines the interplay between structural power imperatives, contested global order, and ideational self-conceptions in shaping United States foreign policy, with particular attention to the nexus of militarism, American exceptionalism, and recurrent violations of international legal norms. Integrating three complementary theoretical perspectives including American exceptionalism, offensive realism, and the critical variant of hegemonic stability theory, the study offers a multidimensional analytical framework that captures normative, structural, and systemic dimensions of U.S. conduct. The article applies this tripartite framework to empirical cases involving U.S. military interventions, nuclear modernisation, and its selective adherence to, and reinterpretation of, binding legal obligations. It argues that these behaviours reflect a durable fusion of systemic compulsion, hegemonic maintenance, and identity-based legitimation. In so doing, the study contributes to debates in international relations and international law by demonstrating that the United States’ exceptionalist posture is both a cause and a consequence of its hegemonic role. The analysis offers insights into the persistence of militarised exceptionalism and the structural and normative constraints or lack thereof that shape the prospects for a more equitable and law-bound global order.

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