ANIMALS’ RIGHTS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH

Q: How can I download an article?

To download an article from SID, first log in to the site, search for the article title, and click on the 'Download Article' option.

Q: How can I download an ISI article?

To download an ISI article on SID, enter the keyword or article title in the search bar, view the relevant results, click on the desired article, and select the 'Download Article' option.

Q: How can I access the SID database?

To access the SID database, visit SID.ir, create an account, and log in to access scientific resources.

Q: Is downloading articles from SID free?

Some articles on SID are available for free, while others require payment. Details are specified on the article's page.

KAZEMI A.H.; RAZMARAII N.; SAMADIRAD B.

مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Medical Ethics Year:2011 | Volume:5 | Issue:15 Page(s): 63-82

Download Full-Text

Persian Verion

View:

5,602

Download:

Cites:

Information Journal Paper

Title

ANIMALS’ RIGHTS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH

Author(s)

KAZEMI A.H. | RAZMARAII N. | SAMADIRAD B. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

ANIMAL RIGHTSQ4

RESEARCH AND LAB EXPERIMENTSQ4

ETHICAL CODESQ3

Abstract

This article reviews recent literature on dogmatic issues of ANIMAL RIGHTS in research fields, focusing primarily on previous and current concept of ANIMAL RIGHTS in medical research. The ethics of animal-based medical research is a continuing area of debate that has a complex overlap with law, social opinions, NGOs ideas but mainly ethical research protocols do not create crucial limitation to scientist in lab and research fields.Basically there is wide and albeit beneficial need for informed consideration and interchanges between the ethicists, scientists and researchers, policymakers, lawyers, NGOs and the public in general to come to consensus regarding the issues discussed about ANIMAL RIGHTS and welfares in medical research fields.Current animal experimentation and use of animals as clinical and laboratory models were established by Bernard Claude who described: “An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine” in 1865, At this stage, the public opinions were already asking that the welfare, pain and distress of experimental animals during medical research be reduced, In 1959, two scientists, William Russell and Rex Burch projected the philosophy and doctrine of alternatives to animal experimentation as clinical models, the “3Rs”, Since these two scientist doctrine time, animal lights and welfare campaigners have promoted the 3Rs concept in biomedical research communities and environments, Despite this accepted doctrine, spiteful animal experiments have continued and there are reports of radical and cure extremists showing their opposition by invasion, arson, theft and even bombing of institutions involved, resulting in killing of the animals that has been called “live slaughtering”, SHAC (Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty), one radical group supposed to be animal welfare supporters was recognized as a terrorist band in USA and the police inspected their activities extremely. In 2001, British animal radicalists attacked Japanese universities and stole laboratory equipments and resources, one individual was detained and sentenced to jail, Japanese who assisted in the incident were arrested and also one was sentenced to jail. In 2006, SHAC group in USA were arrested and sentenced to jail for their terrorism behaviors and activities including arson.Recently, the animal welfare law world widely was revised during last decade stressing the importance of 3Rs in scientific activities with animals, The outcome of these activities particularly 3Rs could be a better experimental design, on both ethical and scientific grounds in medical research areas. It is worth noted that beside 3Rs some other active NGOs about ANIMAL RIGHTS have been postulated that: “an animal’s welfare should be governed by five freedoms, namely, freedom from hunger and thirst, freedom from discomfort, freedom from pain, injury or disease, freedom to express normal behavior and freedom from fear and distress”.

Cites

References

Cite

APA: Copy

KAZEMI, A.H., RAZMARAII, N., & SAMADIRAD, B.. (2011). ANIMALS’ RIGHTS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH. MEDICAL ETHICS, 5(15), 63-82. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/195765/en

Vancouver: Copy

KAZEMI A.H., RAZMARAII N., SAMADIRAD B.. ANIMALS’ RIGHTS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH. MEDICAL ETHICS[Internet]. 2011;5(15):63-82. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/195765/en

IEEE: Copy

A.H. KAZEMI, N. RAZMARAII, and B. SAMADIRAD, “ANIMALS’ RIGHTS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH,” MEDICAL ETHICS, vol. 5, no. 15, pp. 63–82, 2011, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/195765/en

Related Journal Papers