POSSIBILITY OF ONTOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MULLA SADRA AND HEIDEGGER’S VIEWS

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AKBARIAN REZA; ZAMANIHA HOSSEIN

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Journal: HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:4 (4) Page(s): 139-162

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Title

POSSIBILITY OF ONTOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MULLA SADRA AND HEIDEGGER’S VIEWS

Author(s)

AKBARIAN REZA | ZAMANIHA HOSSEIN | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

ONTOLOGYQ2

FUNDAMENTAL ONTOLOGYQ2

HEIDEGGERQ2

MULLA SADRAQ2

SIMPLE KNOWLEDGEQ2

TRANSCENDENCEQ2

APRIORI UNDERSTANDINGQ2

Abstract

The question of the possibility of ONTOLOGY is in fact a question of the possibility of attaining the ontological nature of existents. We can pose the question as follows: Can human beings develop an approach on the basis of which the existence of things themselves unfold to them? As a result of a subjective interpretation of the relationship between the human being and existents of the world in western philosophy, this question turned into such a challenging question to the extent that Kant considered the Knowledge of the existence of things to be impossible and introduced the human knowledge as phenomenological one. HEIDEGGER has put this question forward in his philosophy quite seriously and maintains that any response to it is rooted in the understanding of the relationship between man, the world, and the reality of being as the basis of the appearance of existents. He calls such study “fundamental ONTOLOGY”. The term fundamental ONTOLOGY was first introduced by HEIDEGGER in his book “being and time” as a research on the possibility of any Kind of ONTOLOGY. The basic question in fundamental.ONTOLOGY is, irrespective of its various meanings, is attaining the knowledge of existence essentially possible? In order to respond to this question, he proceeded to analyzed the ontological structure of the human being and his relationship with the world and existence.On the basis of MULLA SADRA’s philosophical principles, we can develop a new approach in order to answer the question of whether ONTOLOGY is a possible science or not. In other words, is it possible for human beings to develop an understanding of the ontological nature of existents and, more importantly, the reality of existence as the basis of existents? In MULLA SADRA’s view, the human Knowledge has also a basis the root of which should be sought not in the human being as a limited being but in one’s ontological relationship with unlimited existence. In other words, as unlimited existence of the interior and basis of existent is limited, man’s knowledge of the unlimited. And the absolute is based on the knowledge of limited existents. He believes that all human beings possess a kind of apriority understanding of the existence of Almighty truth as the interior and basis of all existents. However, this understanding is of an intrinsic and genetic type rather than a conceptual and theoretical one. It is the basis of our whole knowledge of limited existents and, in fact, the basis of human TRANSCENDENCE. Nevertheless, most people are ignorant of such an intrinsic understanding and, thus, MULLA SADRA Calls it “simple understanding”. Therefore, the root of any kind of ONTOLOGY and our knowledge of the ontological nature of existents is hidden in this apriority understanding of unlimited existence. It is an understanding the explanation and interpretation of which in MULLA SADRA’s philosophy is only possible in the light of his interpretation of the cause-effect relation.

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APA: Copy

AKBARIAN, REZA, & ZAMANIHA, HOSSEIN. (2011). POSSIBILITY OF ONTOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MULLA SADRA AND HEIDEGGER’S VIEWS. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY, 2(4 (4)), 139-162. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/223092/en

Vancouver: Copy

AKBARIAN REZA, ZAMANIHA HOSSEIN. POSSIBILITY OF ONTOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MULLA SADRA AND HEIDEGGER’S VIEWS. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY[Internet]. 2011;2(4 (4)):139-162. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/223092/en

IEEE: Copy

REZA AKBARIAN, and HOSSEIN ZAMANIHA, “POSSIBILITY OF ONTOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MULLA SADRA AND HEIDEGGER’S VIEWS,” HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY, vol. 2, no. 4 (4), pp. 139–162, 2011, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/223092/en

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