Social Widespread Hazards in Criminal Law and Criminology Schools and Thoughts

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Shahryari Bahman; SHAMS NATERI MOHAMMAD EBRAHIM

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Journal: ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS MANAGEMENT Year:2015 | Volume:2 | Issue:3 Page(s): 275-289

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Social Widespread Hazards in Criminal Law and Criminology Schools and Thoughts

Author(s)

Shahryari Bahman | SHAMS NATERI MOHAMMAD EBRAHIM | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

crime ideaQ2

criminal laws and criminologyQ2

identification backgroundQ1

widespread hazardsQ1

Abstract

Widespread social hazards include the wide range of problems and dilemmas. Each of them can causes undesirable effects on various aspects of human individual and social life as well as its different values and rights. History, background and literature of identifying hazards in rights can be explored in two historic and contemporary parts. In historic period, one can study two approaches of 19th and 20th century. As the first theoretician in this field, Durkheim criticized Lombroso’ s opinions in determinism of crime occurrence and criminal’ s inner orientation toward crime, and suggested that crime is the product of the societies where one of its organizations is faced with troubles. In the following and with an attitude toward opinions and doctrines raised in 20th century, socialism theoreticians believed that crime is the result of capitalism, social injustices and unfair distribution of wealth. Hence, they believed in a kind of economic determinism. Another remarkable approach was social reaction criminology. In this doctrine, crime controlling and combating institutions were also discussed and studies were directed from victims and criminals toward the institutions. Ultimately, radical criminology, in an ideological form, established a discussion of crime beyond the debates ruling in criminal law systems and opened a way for more radical views in 21 century. The contemporary approach with a new point of view toward hazards, by emphasizing more clearly on what was mentioned before under the ideas of gemologists, and by criticizing strongly the limited definition of crime, suggested that the reason of many difficulties and hazards in human life are the behaviors leading to these hazards, behaviors that has never been considered properly in criminal law and has never been criminalized. So, they believed instead of studying crime, the social hazards should be discussed. Hence, the ideas raised by this doctrine can be introduced as a clear example of studying hazards in laws.

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APA: Copy

Shahryari, Bahman, & SHAMS NATERI, MOHAMMAD EBRAHIM. (2015). Social Widespread Hazards in Criminal Law and Criminology Schools and Thoughts. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS MANAGEMENT, 2(3 ), 275-289. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/265030/en

Vancouver: Copy

Shahryari Bahman, SHAMS NATERI MOHAMMAD EBRAHIM. Social Widespread Hazards in Criminal Law and Criminology Schools and Thoughts. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS MANAGEMENT[Internet]. 2015;2(3 ):275-289. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/265030/en

IEEE: Copy

Bahman Shahryari, and MOHAMMAD EBRAHIM SHAMS NATERI, “Social Widespread Hazards in Criminal Law and Criminology Schools and Thoughts,” ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS MANAGEMENT, vol. 2, no. 3 , pp. 275–289, 2015, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/265030/en

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