PREVALENCE OF AMBLYOPIA AND REFRACTIVE ERRORS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

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RAJAVI ZHALE; SABBAGHI HAMIDEH; SHOJAEI BAGHINI AHMAD; YASERI MEHDI; MOEIN HAMIDREZA; AKBARIAN SHADI; BEHRADFAR NARGES; HOSSEINI SIMIN; MOHAMMAD RABEI HOSSEIN; SHEIBANI KOUROSH

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Journal: Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research Year:2015 | Volume:10 | Issue:4 Page(s): 408-416

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Title

PREVALENCE OF AMBLYOPIA AND REFRACTIVE ERRORS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

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Keywords

AMBLYOPIA

REFRACTIVE ERROR

STRABISMUS

PRIMARY SCHOOL

IRAN

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of AMBLYOPIA and REFRACTIVE ERRORs among 7 to 12-year-old PRIMARY SCHOOL children in Tehran, IRAN.Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 2, 410 randomly selected students.Visual acuity was tested using an E-chart on Yang vision tester. REFRACTIVE ERRORs were measured by photorefractometry and cycloautorefraction. STRABISMUS was checked using cover test. Direct ophthalmoscopy was used to assess the anterior segment, lens opacities, red reflex and fundus. Functional AMBLYOPIA was defined as best corrected visual acuity £20/40 in one or both eyes with no anatomical problems.Results: AMBLYOPIA was present in 2.3% (95% CI: 1.8% to 2.9%) of participants with no difference between the genders. Amblyopic subjects were significantly younger than non-amblyopic children (P=0.004). Overall, 15.9% of hyperopic and 5.9% of myopic cases had AMBLYOPIA. The prevalence of hyperopia ³+2.00D, myopia £-0.50D, astigmatism ³0.75D, and anisometropia (³1.00D) was 3.5%, 4.9%, 22.6%, and 3.9%, respectively.With increasing age, the prevalence of myopia increased (P<0.001), that of hyperopia decreased (P=0.007), but astigmatism showed no change. STRABISMUS was found in 2.3% of cases. STRABISMUS (OR=17.9) and REFRACTIVE ERRORs, especially anisometropia (OR=12.87) and hyperopia (OR=11.87), were important amblyogenic risk factors.Conclusion: The high prevalence of AMBLYOPIA in our subjects in comparison to developed countries reveals the necessity of timely and sensitive screening methods. Due to the high prevalence of AMBLYOPIA among children with REFRACTIVE ERRORs, particularly high hyperopia and anisometropia, provision of glasses should be specifically attended by parents and supported by the Ministry of Health and insurance organizations.

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PREVALENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF STRABISMUS AMONG STRABISMIC PATIENTS PRESENTING TO A TERTIARY REFERRAL CENTER

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APA: Copy

RAJAVI, ZHALE, SABBAGHI, HAMIDEH, SHOJAEI BAGHINI, AHMAD, YASERI, MEHDI, MOEIN, HAMIDREZA, AKBARIAN, SHADI, BEHRADFAR, NARGES, HOSSEINI, SIMIN, MOHAMMAD RABEI, HOSSEIN, & SHEIBANI, KOUROSH. (2015). PREVALENCE OF AMBLYOPIA AND REFRACTIVE ERRORS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN. JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMIC AND VISION RESEARCH, 10(4), 408-416. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/311696/en

Vancouver: Copy

RAJAVI ZHALE, SABBAGHI HAMIDEH, SHOJAEI BAGHINI AHMAD, YASERI MEHDI, MOEIN HAMIDREZA, AKBARIAN SHADI, BEHRADFAR NARGES, HOSSEINI SIMIN, MOHAMMAD RABEI HOSSEIN, SHEIBANI KOUROSH. PREVALENCE OF AMBLYOPIA AND REFRACTIVE ERRORS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN. JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMIC AND VISION RESEARCH[Internet]. 2015;10(4):408-416. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/311696/en

IEEE: Copy

ZHALE RAJAVI, HAMIDEH SABBAGHI, AHMAD SHOJAEI BAGHINI, MEHDI YASERI, HAMIDREZA MOEIN, SHADI AKBARIAN, NARGES BEHRADFAR, SIMIN HOSSEINI, HOSSEIN MOHAMMAD RABEI, and KOUROSH SHEIBANI, “PREVALENCE OF AMBLYOPIA AND REFRACTIVE ERRORS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN,” JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMIC AND VISION RESEARCH, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 408–416, 2015, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/311696/en

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