EFFECTS OF THE EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON NMDA-RECEPTOR GENE EXPRESSION AND VISUAL WORKING MEMORY IN MALE RHESUS MACAQUES

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KAZEMI MASOUMEH; SAHRAEI HEDAYAT; ALIYARI HAMED; TEKIEH ELAHEH; SABERI MEHDI; TAVACOLI HASSAN; MEFTAHI GHOLAM HOSSEIN; GHANAATI HOSSEIN; SALEHI MARYAM; HAJNASROLLAH MOSTAFA

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Journal: Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Year:2018 | Volume:9 | Issue:3 Page(s): 167-176

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Title

EFFECTS OF THE EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON NMDA-RECEPTOR GENE EXPRESSION AND VISUAL WORKING MEMORY IN MALE RHESUS MACAQUES

Author(s)

Keywords

ELF

HIPPOCAMPUS

MELATONIN

MRI

NMDA RECEPTORS

VISUAL WORKING MEMORY

RHESUS MONKEY

Abstract

Introduction: The present research aimed to examine VISUAL WORKING MEMORY (VWM) test scores, as well as hormonal, genomic, and brain anatomic changes in the male rhesus macaques exposed to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field (ELF-MF).Methods: Four monkeys were exposed to two different ELF-MF frequencies: 1 Hz (control) and 12 Hz (experiment) with 0.7 mT (magnitude) 4 h/d for 30 consecutive days. Before and after the exposure, VWM test was conducted using a coated devise on a movable stand. About 10 mL of the animals’ blood was obtained from their femoral vain and used to evaluate their MELATONIN concentration. Blood lymphocytes were used for assaying the expressions of N-Methyl-D-aspartate NMDA-receptor genes expression before and after ELF exposure. Anatomical changes of HIPPOCAMPUS size were also assessed using MRI images.Results: Results indicated that VWM scores in primates exposed to 12 Hz frequency ELF increased significantly. Plasma MELATONIN level was also increased in these animals. However, these variables did not change in the animals exposed to 1 Hz ELF. At last, expression of the NMDA RECEPTORS increased at exposure to 12 Hz frequency. However, hippocampal volume did not increase significantly in the animals exposed to both frequencies.Conclusion: In short, these results indicate that ELF (12 Hz) may have a beneficial value for memory enhancement (indicated by the increase in VWM scores). This may be due to an increase in plasma MELATONIN and or expression of NMDA glutamate receptors. However, direct involvement of the HIPPOCAMPUS in this process needs more research.

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APA: Copy

KAZEMI, MASOUMEH, SAHRAEI, HEDAYAT, ALIYARI, HAMED, TEKIEH, ELAHEH, SABERI, MEHDI, TAVACOLI, HASSAN, MEFTAHI, GHOLAM HOSSEIN, GHANAATI, HOSSEIN, SALEHI, MARYAM, & HAJNASROLLAH, MOSTAFA. (2018). EFFECTS OF THE EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON NMDA-RECEPTOR GENE EXPRESSION AND VISUAL WORKING MEMORY IN MALE RHESUS MACAQUES. BASIC AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE, 9(3), 167-176. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/327867/en

Vancouver: Copy

KAZEMI MASOUMEH, SAHRAEI HEDAYAT, ALIYARI HAMED, TEKIEH ELAHEH, SABERI MEHDI, TAVACOLI HASSAN, MEFTAHI GHOLAM HOSSEIN, GHANAATI HOSSEIN, SALEHI MARYAM, HAJNASROLLAH MOSTAFA. EFFECTS OF THE EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON NMDA-RECEPTOR GENE EXPRESSION AND VISUAL WORKING MEMORY IN MALE RHESUS MACAQUES. BASIC AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE[Internet]. 2018;9(3):167-176. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/327867/en

IEEE: Copy

MASOUMEH KAZEMI, HEDAYAT SAHRAEI, HAMED ALIYARI, ELAHEH TEKIEH, MEHDI SABERI, HASSAN TAVACOLI, GHOLAM HOSSEIN MEFTAHI, HOSSEIN GHANAATI, MARYAM SALEHI, and MOSTAFA HAJNASROLLAH, “EFFECTS OF THE EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON NMDA-RECEPTOR GENE EXPRESSION AND VISUAL WORKING MEMORY IN MALE RHESUS MACAQUES,” BASIC AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 167–176, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/327867/en

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