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Information Journal Paper

Title

Clinical Pharmacology of Cefotaxime in Neonates and Infants: Effects and Pharmacokinetics

Pages

  6111-6138

Abstract

 Cefotaxime is a bactericidal "third generation" cephalosporin has a broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive microorganisms and exceptional activity against most gram-negative microorganisms. Cefotaxime is widely considered to be the antibiotic of choice for the management of neonatal meningitis and sepsis caused by gram-negative bacteria. Cefotaxime is active against Neisseria meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella specimens, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter species, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In Neonates, the recommended dose of Cefotaxime is 25 mg/kg every 6 hours by intravenous or intramuscular administration. Some authors administered Cefotaxime at a daily dose of 150 or 300 mg/kg. After the intravenous administration of 50 mg/kg Cefotaxime every 6 hours, the serum concentrations of this antibiotic are 56. 9+28. 7 μ g/ml at 1 hour and 3. 66+5. 65 μ g/ml at 6 hours after the administration. The cerebrospinal fluid concentration of Cefotaxime, measured 1 hour after the intravenous administration of 50 mg/kg Cefotaxime, is 3. 72+5. 57 μ g/ml. The MIC50 (μ g/ml), and the MBC50 (μ g/ml) are 0. 024+0. 026 and 0. 064+0. 054, respectively, for Haemophilus influenzae, 0. 062+0. 034, and 0. 240+0. 027, respectively, for Streptococcus pneumoniae and 0. 057+0. 088, and 0. 283+0. 44, respectively, for Neisseria meningitis. In Neonates, the half-life of Cefotaxime is 2 to 6 hours, it varies with gestational and postnatal ages, and the clearance and distribution volume are 0. 074+0. 03 l/h/kg, and 0. 461+0. 027 l/kg, respectively. Cefotaxime diffuses in tissues and penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid. This antibiotic is safe and well tolerated in Neonates. The aim of this study was to review the Effects and Pharmacokinetics of Cefotaxime in Neonates and infants.

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    APA: Copy

    PACIFICI, GIAN MARIA, & Marchini, Giovanna. (2017). Clinical Pharmacology of Cefotaxime in Neonates and Infants: Effects and Pharmacokinetics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS, 5(11 (47)), 6111-6138. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/337773/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    PACIFICI GIAN MARIA, Marchini Giovanna. Clinical Pharmacology of Cefotaxime in Neonates and Infants: Effects and Pharmacokinetics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS[Internet]. 2017;5(11 (47)):6111-6138. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/337773/en

    IEEE: Copy

    GIAN MARIA PACIFICI, and Giovanna Marchini, “Clinical Pharmacology of Cefotaxime in Neonates and Infants: Effects and Pharmacokinetics,” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS, vol. 5, no. 11 (47), pp. 6111–6138, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/337773/en

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