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Title

A systematic review on the risk factors of congenital hypothyroidism

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Abstract

 Context: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common endocrine disorder and causes of preventable mental retardation in children. Objectives: We aimed to systematically review the reported Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) related risk factors. Data Sources: In this systematic review, all types of human studies studying the risk factors related to the occurrence or high rate of CH were included. An electronic search was conducted in international national electronic databases. The following keywords were used; ( “ Congenital hypothyroidism” [Mesh] AND “ risk factor” [Mesh]). Study Selection: In this review, 373 papers (PubMed: 199; Scopus: 36; ISI: 53, SID: 55, Ovid: 11; Science Direct: 19) were identified through electronic database search. 98 articles assessed for eligibility, from which 60 qualified articles were selected for final evaluation. Most of the studies have cross sectional, case control and prospective design, respectively. Data Extraction: The current review was conducted and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results: Reported risk factors for transient CH were as follows; iodine deficiency and excess, prematurity, advances maternal age, male gender, retinopathy of prematurity, twin pregnancy, maternal autoimmune thyroid disease, intrauterine growth retardation and cesarean delivery. Reported risk factors for permanent CH with dysgenesis of thyroid gland were as follows; female gender, familial history of CH, birth in geographical areas with high rate of the disease, advanced maternal age, ethnicity (Caucasians) but not seasonality. Reported risk factors for permanent CH with dyshormonogenesis were familial history of CH and origin of both parents from the high risk geographical region. Conclusions: Using the data we could plan more etiologic studies to investigate the pathogenesis of the disorder, design interventional studies for the known modifiable risk factors to reduce the rate of CH in our region. In addition for risk factors with limited evidences more studies should be performed.

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    APA: Copy

    HASHEMIPOUR, MAHIN, SAMEI, PAYAM, KELISHADI, ROYA, HOVSEPIAN, SILVA, & HANI TABAEI ZAVAREH, NEDA. (2019). A systematic review on the risk factors of congenital hypothyroidism. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS REVIEW, 7(4 (16)), 0-0. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/341270/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    HASHEMIPOUR MAHIN, SAMEI PAYAM, KELISHADI ROYA, HOVSEPIAN SILVA, HANI TABAEI ZAVAREH NEDA. A systematic review on the risk factors of congenital hypothyroidism. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS REVIEW[Internet]. 2019;7(4 (16)):0-0. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/341270/en

    IEEE: Copy

    MAHIN HASHEMIPOUR, PAYAM SAMEI, ROYA KELISHADI, SILVA HOVSEPIAN, and NEDA HANI TABAEI ZAVAREH, “A systematic review on the risk factors of congenital hypothyroidism,” JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS REVIEW, vol. 7, no. 4 (16), pp. 0–0, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/341270/en

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